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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090074

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

江西双季稻机插的典型模式及其效果研究

吴青香, 曾勇军(), 程慧煌, 成臣, 石庆华, 潘晓华   

  1. 江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-16 修回日期:2018-12-11 出版日期:2020-01-25 发布日期:2020-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 曾勇军
  • 作者简介:吴青香,女,1978年出生,江西上饶人,硕士,主要从事水稻高产高效栽培研究。通信地址:330045 江西农业大学农学院,Tel:0791-83813193,E-mail: wuqx0791@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“红黄壤丘陵区双季稻农机农艺融合关键技术研究”(2017YFD0301605);“北部红壤丘陵区双季稻绿色规模化丰产增效技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0301102);江西省水稻产业技术体系专项(JXARS-02-03);江西省重点研发计划“双季稻新品种配套栽培技术研究与示范”(20161ACF60013);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项“优质晚粳稻新品种(系)品质变异特征及机械化轻简化栽培技术研究”(JXXTCX2015001-011);“优质稻新品种高产高效栽培技术研究”(JXXTCX2015001-004);江西省青年科学家项目(20153BCB23015)

Mechanically-transplanted Double Rice in Jiangxi: Typical Production Model and Effect

Wu Qingxiang, Zeng Yongjun(), Cheng Huihuang, Cheng Chen, Shi Qinghua, Pan Xiaohua   

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Nanchang 330045
  • Received:2018-09-16 Revised:2018-12-11 Online:2020-01-25 Published:2020-01-22
  • Contact: Zeng Yongjun

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摘要：

基于江西省双季稻区10个县30个乡镇农户、合作社以及农机大市场的调查数据,通过对合作社的两种典型模式（合作模式和服务模式）的研究及合作社农户和散户的对比分析,探索合作社对江西双季稻机插推广的促进作用。研究结果表明:合作社农户的成本要低于散户,收益要高于散户,合作社的生产效果比散户的要好;合作社农户的年龄比散户的年龄要低,文化、土地规模、资金要高于散户;合作社农户的机插比例高于散户;目前江西合作社机插典型模式中比较受欢迎的模式是农机大户和种田大户合作模式及“订单式”服务模式;未来种田大户、农机大户和养殖大户是发展江西农民合作生产的主要对象,重点发展的模式是合作社提供水稻生产全程社会化服务模式。

关键词: 江西省, 双季稻机插, 合作社, 模式, 效果

Abstract:

To explore the promotion effect of cooperatives on mechanically-transplanted double rice, two typical cooperative models (the cooperative model and the service model) were studied, and a comparative analysis was conducted on cooperative households and ordinary farm households based on the survey data from farmers, cooperatives and large agricultural machinery markets of 30 towns in 10 counties of double-cropping rice area in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that the cooperative households had the advantages of lower cost and higher income over ordinary farm households, and the production effect of the cooperatives was better; the age of cooperative farmers were younger, whose education level, field scale and capital were higher, and the proportion of machine transplanting was higher in cooperatives; of all typical models, the more popular ones in Jiangxi were the large farm machinery households plus large farm households and the “order-based” service. In the future, large grain production households, large breeding households and large farm machinery households are the major participants in the development of cooperative production in Jiangxi, and the key development model is that the cooperatives provide the whole process social service for rice production.

Key words: Jiangxi Province, mechanically-transplanted double rice, cooperatives, model, effect

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