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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (21): 129-135.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0190

所属专题： 生物技术； 植物保护

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

芽孢杆菌R57对黄芪的防病提质作用及其鉴定

祖未希1(), 赵晓霞2, 高芬2()   

  1. 1太原旅游职业学院酒店管理系,太原 030032
    2山西大学应用化学研究所,太原 030006
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-22 修回日期:2022-04-27 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 高芬
  • 作者简介:祖未希,女,1982年出生,安徽巢县人,讲师,硕士,研究方向：食品营养与卫生、基于药食同源植物的健康产品研发。通信地址：030032 山西省太原市小店区大昌南路19号 太原旅游职业学院酒店管理系,E-mail： zuweixi@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山西省应用基础研究项目“基于LC-MS非靶向代谢组学和RT-qPCR联用挖掘黄酮类黄芪抗根腐病相关代谢物”(202103021224029);山西省科技重大专项“山西道地黄芪种质资源与规范化生产技术研究”(201603D3111001)

Quality Promotion and Disease Control Effects of Bacillus Strain R57 on Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus and Its Identification

ZU Weixi1(), ZHAO Xiaoxia2, GAO Fen2()   

  1. 1Taiyuan Tourism College, Taiyuan 030032
    2Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006
  • Received:2022-03-22 Revised:2022-04-27 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-08-23
  • Contact: GAO Fen

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摘要：

研究旨在探讨菌株R57对黄芪的抑菌防病和品质提升作用,并对其进行分类鉴定。采用牛津杯法测定无菌发酵液的体外抑菌效果、浸根法测定离体防病效果、灌根法测定盆栽防病效果;采用灌根法处理黄芪,HPLC-UV-ELSD法测定药效成分含量变化;采用形态学观察、生理生化特性测定和16S rDNA序列分析,确定菌株分类地位。体外抑菌试验结果表明,菌株R57无菌发酵液对根腐病菌F. solani和F. acuminatum的抑菌圈直径分别为(18.02±1.71) mm和(19.96±2.42) mm。离体试验中,R57治疗性处理对2种病菌引起的根腐病在7天和15天时均有显著防效,保护性处理对F. solani和F. acuminatum侵染分别在7天和15天时有明显防效,拮抗处理仅在7天时对F. solani侵染有抑制作用。盆栽试验中,R57发酵液对F. solani和F. acuminatum引起的根腐病,保护性防效分别为61.27%±4.89%和64.33%±8.25%,治疗性防效不显著。R57发酵液施用还可显著促进黄芪中主要活性成分毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷和芒柄花苷的积累。经鉴定,菌株R57为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),该菌株具有“防病提质”的双重功效,可作为微生物制剂的多功能菌株进一步开发研究。

关键词: 黄芪, 芽孢杆菌, 防病效果, HPLC-UV-ELSD, 根腐病, 活性成分

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the quality promotion and disease control effects of strain R57 on root rot of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (AMM), and identify its classification status. The antifungal activity of bacteria-free filtrate was determined by Oxford cup method, the control effect in detached roots was evaluated by seedling root dipping method, and the control effect in potted plants was tested by conventional root-irrigation method. The changes of main active components in roots of AMM irrigated with the fermentation broth of strain R57 were tested by HPLC-UV-ELSD. The strain R57 was identified by means of morphology, physio-biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. In the inhibition test in vitro, the diameters of inhibition zone of R57 bacteria-free filtrate to F. solani and F. acuminatum were (18.02 ±1.71) mm and (19.96±2.42) mm, respectively. In the detached roots test, the therapeutic treatments using R57 bacteria-free filtrate showed significant control effect on F. solani and F. acuminatum infection on both 7 d and 15 d; the protective treatments showed significant control effect on F. solani infection on 7 d and on F. acuminatum infection on 15 d, respectively; the antagonistic treatments had obvious control effect on F. solani infection only on 7 d. In the pot experiment, the protective effects of the fermentation broth of strain R57 on the root rot caused by F. solani and F. acuminatum were 61.27%±4.89% and 64.33%±8.25%, respectively; no significant therapeutic effect on root rot was observed for all the treatments. The fermentation broth of strain R57 had obvious promotion effect on the accumulation of two main active components in AMM: calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and ononin. The strain R57 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The Bacillus subtilis strain R57 can reduce the incidence of root rot disease and promote the accumulation of main flavonoids active components in the AMM root; therefore, it can be further studied as a muti-functional strain for the development of microbial agent.

Key words: Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, Bacillus subtilis, control effect, HPLC-UV-ELSD, root rot, active components

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