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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 116-123.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0375

所属专题: 生物技术 植物保护 烟草种植与生产

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟草青枯病和黑胫病拮抗细菌的筛选、鉴定及防效研究

濮永瑜1(), 包玲凤2,3, 何翔3, 刘芮1, 张庆3, 施竹凤3, 何永宏2(), 杨佩文3()   

  1. 1云南省烟草公司保山市公司,云南保山 678000
    2云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明 650201
    3云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明 650205
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-12 修回日期:2022-01-05 出版日期:2022-03-05 发布日期:2022-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 何永宏,杨佩文
  • 作者简介:濮永瑜,女,1983年出生,云南保山人,农艺师,硕士,研究方向:烟草栽培。通信地址:678000 云南省保山市隆阳区正阳北路186号,E-mail: 182003766@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省烟草公司科技计划重点项目“基于保山山地植烟土壤合理耕层地力培育技术研究与集成示范”(2020530000241021)

Screening, Identification and Control Efficacy of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Ralstonia solanacearum and Phytophthora parasitica

PU Yongyu1(), BAO Lingfeng2,3, HE Xiang3, LIU Rui1, ZHANG Qing3, SHI Zhufeng3, HE Yonghong2(), YANG Peiwen3()   

  1. 1Baoshan City Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000
    2College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    3Institute of Agricultural Environmental Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205
  • Received:2021-04-12 Revised:2022-01-05 Online:2022-03-05 Published:2022-04-13
  • Contact: HE Yonghong,YANG Peiwen

摘要:

筛选对烟草青枯病和黑胫病具有良好防效的生防菌株,为烟草根茎类病害的有效防控提供生防资源。从发病烟株根际土壤中分离细菌,采用平板对峙法和滤纸片法测定分离菌株对烟草青枯病菌和黑胫病菌的抑制活性,基于盆栽验证法检测高活性菌株对烟草青枯病和黑胫病的防治效果,通过16S rDNA通用引物对高活性拮抗菌株进行分子生物学鉴定,同时选用9对特异性引物对高活性菌株的促生长和抑菌活性进行PCR检测。共筛选出2株对烟草青枯病和黑胫病均有防治效果的拮抗菌株LF-1和LF-2,经分子生物学鉴定LF-1为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis,LF-2为解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。室内活性试验结果表明,菌株LF-1、LF-2对烟草青枯病菌抑制率分别为31.16%、56.98%,对烟草黑胫病菌抑制率分别为64.44%、72.44%;盆栽试验结果表明,菌株LF-1对烟草青枯病和黑胫病的防效分别为69.54%和65.49%,菌株LF-2对烟草青枯病和黑胫病的防效分别为72.49%和68.32%。菌株LF-1和LF-2对烟草根茎类病害具有较好的生防效果,在烟草根茎类病害防控中应用前景广阔。

关键词: 烟草青枯病, 烟草黑胫病, 枯草芽孢杆菌, 解淀粉芽孢杆菌, 防效

Abstract:

To provide biocontrol microbial resources for the prevention and control of tobacco rhizome diseases, biocontrol strains with good control efficacy on Ralstonia solanacearum and Phytophthora parasitica were screened. The bacteria strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of the diseased tobacco plants, and the inhibitory activity was determined by plate face-off method and filter method. The control efficacy of highly active strains was further detected by pot tests. Molecular biological identification of the highly active strains was carried out by 16S rDNA. The promoting and antibacterial activities of the strains were verified by PCR using 9 pairs of specific primers. Two highly active strains LF-1 and LF-2 were obtained and identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The results of activity test showed that the inhibition rate of the two strains was 31.16% and 56.98% on R. solanacearum, and 64.44% and 72.44% on P. parasitica, respectively. The corresponding potted experiment showed that the inhibition rate of the two strains was 69.54% and 72.49% on R. solanacearum, and 65.49% and 68.32% on P. parasitica, respectively. The two strains had good control effect on tobacco rhizome diseases and broad application prospect in tobacco disease control.

Key words: Ralstonia solanacearum, Phytophthora parasitica, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, control efficacy

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