贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SX-45提取物对人参根腐病菌抑菌机理研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0906

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人参根腐病是人参生产上的重要病害之一，为了明确贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SX-45提取物对人参根腐病菌的抑菌机理，本研究以贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SX-45和人参根腐病菌为材料，采用硫代巴比妥酸、考马斯亮蓝G-250等方法测定了抑菌机理数据。结果表明，经15 μg/mL浓度的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SX-45提取物处理后，与对照相比，人参根腐病菌菌丝出现畸形、菌丝表面长出突起，菌丝顶端膨大；菌悬液中电导率和菌体丙二醛含量均显著增加，分别是对照组的4.24和42.0倍，且菌悬液的OD₂₆₀值也从3.48增加到3.83。而随提取物浓度的增加，菌体可溶性蛋白含量、还原性糖含量、NAD-MDH活力和SDH活力与对照相比均呈显著下降趋势，分别下降了97.7%、56.6%、97.5%和48.4%。本研究表明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SX-45提取物对人参根腐病菌有良好的抑菌作用，为人参病害新型生防菌剂的研发奠定了基础。

关键词: 人参根腐病菌, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 提取物, 抑菌活性, 抑菌机理

Abstract:

Ginseng root rot is one of the serious diseases in the production of ginseng. The objective of this study is to clarify the antifungal mechanism of the extract of Bacillus velezensis SX-45 against Fusarium oxysporum of ginseng. In this study, Bacillus velezensis SX-45 and Fusarium oxysporum of ginseng were used as materials, the antifungal mechanism data were determined by thiobarbituric acid, coomassie bright blue G-250 methods etc. The results showed that after being treated with the extract of Bacillus velezensis SX-45 at the concentration of 15 μg/mL, the mycelia of Fusarium oxysporum of ginseng had malformation, the hypha surface protrusion and the hypha tip expansion were observed. The electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content in the fungal suspension increased significantly, which were respectively 4.24 and 42.0 times those of the control group. The OD₂₆₀value of the fungal suspension also increased from 3.48 to 3.83. With the increase of extract concentration, the soluble protein content, reducing sugar content, NAD-MDH activity and SDH activity decreased significantly by 97.7%, 56.6%, 97.5% and 48.4%, respectively. This study indicates that the extract of Bacillus velezensis SX-45 has a good inhibition effect on Fusarium oxysporum, and can lay a foundation for the research and development of new biocontrol agent against ginseng diseases.

Key words: Fusarium oxysporum of ginseng, Bacillus velezensis, extract, antifungal activity, antifungal mechanism

中图分类号:

S432.1

张婷婷, 马贵龙, 谢晓宝, 高新馨, 蔡奇. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SX-45提取物对人参根腐病菌抑菌机理研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(33): 124-131.

ZHANG Tingting, MA Guilong, XIE Xiaobao, GAO Xinxin, CAI Qi. Extract of Bacillus velezensis SX-45: The Antifungal Mechanism Against Fusarium oxysporum of Ginseng[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(33): 124-131.

图/表 12

参考文献 29

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仪器	生产厂家	仪器型号
组合式全温振动培养箱	金坛市国旺实验仪器厂	HSY-C
智能人工气候培养箱	浙江托普仪器有限公司	RTOP系列
紫外分光光度计	北京普析通用仪器有限公司	T6新世纪
多功能酶标仪	美谷分子仪器（上海）有限公司	SpectraMax i3x
蔡司显微镜	ZEISS	Imager.A2
电导率仪	上海雷磁新泾仪器有限公司	DDS-11A
电热恒温水浴锅	上海一恒科学仪器有限公司	HWS-24型

仪器	生产厂家	仪器型号
组合式全温振动培养箱	金坛市国旺实验仪器厂	HSY-C
智能人工气候培养箱	浙江托普仪器有限公司	RTOP系列
紫外分光光度计	北京普析通用仪器有限公司	T6新世纪
多功能酶标仪	美谷分子仪器（上海）有限公司	SpectraMax i3x
蔡司显微镜	ZEISS	Imager.A2
电导率仪	上海雷磁新泾仪器有限公司	DDS-11A
电热恒温水浴锅	上海一恒科学仪器有限公司	HWS-24型

提取物浓度/(μg/mL)	电导率/(μs/cm)
提取物浓度/(μg/mL)	1 h	2 h	3 h	4 h	5 h
0	15.20±0.15d	15.80±0.21d	17.70±1.12d	21.10±0.23d	23.70±0.38d
5	28.10±0.12c	29.20±0.45c	29.60±0.40c	31.90±0.15c	34.50±0.66c
10	47.30±0.45b	49.10±1.77b	52.70±0.59b	54.20±1.61b	56.40±2.22b
15	54.10±0.06a	55.30±0.57a	57.70±1.10a	60.60±0.50a	64.50±2.46a

提取物浓度/(μg/mL)	电导率/(μs/cm)
提取物浓度/(μg/mL)	1 h	2 h	3 h	4 h	5 h
0	15.20±0.15d	15.80±0.21d	17.70±1.12d	21.10±0.23d	23.70±0.38d
5	28.10±0.12c	29.20±0.45c	29.60±0.40c	31.90±0.15c	34.50±0.66c
10	47.30±0.45b	49.10±1.77b	52.70±0.59b	54.20±1.61b	56.40±2.22b
15	54.10±0.06a	55.30±0.57a	57.70±1.10a	60.60±0.50a	64.50±2.46a

处理浓度/(μg/mL)	人参根腐病菌丙二醛含量/(μmol/g)
0	0.015±0.003d
5	0.212±0.002c
10	0.400±0.002b
15	0.630±0.001a