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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 155-159.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0383

所属专题： 植物保护

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

3种植物提取物对6种枯萎病菌的生物活性研究

魏倩倩(), 郑瑞瑞, 陈云坤, 胡春艳, 冯雪, 曹挥()   

  1. 山西农业大学植物保护学院,山西晋中 030801
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-20 修回日期:2020-11-25 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 曹挥
  • 作者简介:魏倩倩,女,1996年出生,山西临汾人,硕士研究生,研究方向：生物农药与生物防治。通信地址：030801 山西省晋中市太谷县山西农业大学,Tel：15934437629,E-mail： 129941648@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“以植物次生代谢物质Obovatol为先导的结构优化、抗菌活性及构效关系研究”(31700300);山西功能农业共性关键技术研究与示范项目“基于生态庄园经济模式的有机农业产业技术体系研究与示范”(201703D211001-01-04);山西省重点研发计划“中药问荆对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制作用及其机理研究”(201803D221004-1);山西省重点研发计划“山西有机旱作生态植保关键技术研发与应用”(201903D211001-1)

Secondary Metabolites Extracted from Three Plant Species: Antibacterial Effects on Six Strains of Fusarium Wilt

Wei Qianqian(), Zheng Ruirui, Chen Yunkun, Hu Chunyan, Feng Xue, Cao Hui()   

  1. College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong Shanxi 030801
  • Received:2020-08-20 Revised:2020-11-25 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-09
  • Contact: Cao Hui

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摘要：

枯萎病是农业生产中最具有威胁性的土传病害之一,严重影响多种作物的产量及品质。本研究旨在寻找和开发绿色环保且可高效抑制枯萎病菌的植物资源,同时为植物源杀菌剂的开发提供一定的理论依据。以丁香(Syzygium aromaticum)、甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)和瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)的提取物为材料,通过菌丝生长速率法测定3种植物提取物对6种植物枯萎病原菌的抑菌活性。研究表明当质量浓度为2 mg/mL时,丁香、甘草、瑞香狼毒3种提取物对6种植物枯萎病菌均有较强的抑制作用,3种植物提取物处理96 h后的抑菌率均在44.5%以上。其中,丁香对6种植物枯萎病菌的抑菌效果最好,EC50值在0.1473~0.3785 mg/mL之间;瑞香狼毒和甘草提取物的抑菌效果次之,EC50值分别在0.1866~2.6262 mg/mL和0.6281~3.1703 mg/mL之间。试验结果表明丁香、甘草、瑞香狼毒提取物对6种枯萎病均有良好的抑制效果,均可作为防治植物枯萎病的新型植物源农药进一步研究。

关键词: 植物提取物, 土传病害, 丁香, 甘草, 瑞香狼毒, 植物枯萎病原菌, 植物源杀菌剂, 抑菌活性

Abstract:

Fusarium wilt, one of the most threatening soil-borne diseases of agriculture, affects the yield and quality of many crops seriously. The purposes of this study are to explore and develop the environmental friendly plant resources with effective and strong inhibition of fusarium wilt, and to provide a theoretical basis for the research of plant-derived fungicides. The extracts of Syzygium aromaticum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Stellera chamaejasme were used as materials, and the antifungal activities against six kinds of fusarium wilt fungi were determined by mycelial growth rate method. The results demonstrated that the three kinds of plant extract could all inhibit the six kinds of fungi at 2 mg/mL, the antifungal rate was above 44.5% after 96 h. S. aromaticum showed the highest inhibition activity with EC50 value ranged in 0.1473-0.3785 mg/mL; the EC50 value of G. uralensis and S. chamaejasme was 0.1866-2.6262 mg/mL and 0.6281-3.1703 mg/mL, respectively. The results show that the extract of S. aromaticum, G. uralensis and S. chamaejasme have better antifungal activity against the six kinds of fungi, and could be explored as the new botanical pesticide against fusarium wilt.

Key words: plant extract, soil-borne diseases, Syzygium aromaticum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Stellera chamaejasme, fusarium wilt pathogen, botanical fungicide, antifungal activity

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