Abstract: The aim was to study the effect of the different cover modes of plastic film on the soil moisture content , soil temperature in peanut field and peanut growth and development in the semi arid region. The soil moisture in the plough horizon (0-40 cm) and soil temperature in 0-25 cm soil layer were measured in ridge culture under different cover modes of plastic film. The result showed (1) The soil moisture content in 0-40 cm soil layer was affected by different cover modes. The soil moisture content in different soil layer and different ridge position showed parabolic trend with the promotion of growth period. The soil moisture content in 0-40 cm soil layer of ridge side was significantly lower than that of furrow in peanut seedling stage. The decreasing range of soil moisture content from seedling stage to flowering stage in furrow was larger.(2)The soil temperature was affected by increasing the daily maximum temperature under different cover modes. The soil temperature was strongly affected by cover modes during early growth stage of peanut. The highest daily maximum temperature was up to 36.2℃ of multi ridge covering. The soil temperature was less affected by cover modes during late growth stage. The soil temperature in 0-10 cm soil layer was not significant affected by cover mode after flowering, while remarkably affect the soil temperature in soil layer below 15 cm during 14:00～18:00. The soil temperature of L3 was highest , which of L0 and L1 were lower. (3)The soil temperature at 14:00 was significantly affected by mulching cultivation. The soil average daily temperature of plough horizon increased 0.5~2.4 ℃ at seedling stage under mulching cultivation, and the greatest temperature difference appeared at 15 cm soil layer in the middle of ridge. (4) Mulching can improve the yield 16.81%~37.17%, water use efficiency increased 37.42%~17.03%.The ridge film mulching and double row cultivation of peanut is an economical, efficient, easy cultivation method.