Abstract: As a kind of important human living environment and ecological system on the earth, the wetland plays an important role in stabilizing environment, protecting species gene and utilizing resources. The wetland is known as the cradle and biological gene pool of nature and human. With more and more serious wetland reduction, functional decline and pollution, domestic and foreign scholars focus their research on wetland continuously, and heavy metal pollution and assessment is one of the key research fields. The author analyzed domestic reports on heavy metal pollution in more than a decade, reviewed present pollution situation and migration characteristics of heavy metals in sediment, water, and soil such as lake, river, delta and coastal wetlands, and summarized the research types, spatial distribution of heavy metal and analysis method, etc. In many research achievements, the mostly used methods were the cumulative index method and potential ecological risk index method.