Abstract: To screen suitable planting density of major wheat cultivars in Weibei arid region, experiments were carried out using‘Tongmai-6’and‘Changhang-1’as experiment materials, to determine the effect of varied planting density on the growth stage, population traits, yield and yield components. The results indicated that there was no significant effect of planting density on wheat growth stage; with the increase of planting density, the spike rate showed an upward trend at first and then decreased, and reached the highest at 330×104 plant/hm2; the effect of planting density on spike number was obvious, but that on 1000-grain weight was not significant.‘Tongmai-6’showed the maximum yield (4389.50 kg/hm2) at the planting density of 330× 104 plant/hm2, while the yield of‘Changhang- 1’reached its maximum (4531.20 kg/hm2) at the planting density of 390 × 104 plant/hm2. However, no significant difference was observed when the planting density ranged from 270×104 to 390×104 plant/hm2(P>0.05). Taking all into consideration, our research results suggest that the planting density of 330×104 plant/hm2 is an optimal one for the two wheat cultivars in Weibei arid region.