Abstract: In this study, the chemical constituents of different parts of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang root were compared and analyzed, to provide a reference for its rational application, selection and breeding. The chemical constituents of different parts ofSemiliquidambar cathayensis Chang root were analyzed by Ultra- High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). A total of 59 compounds were identified from the chromatograms of different parts of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang root. These compounds included 16 kinds of organic acids, 3 kinds of sterols compounds, 5 kinds of natural polyphenols, 4 kinds of vitamins and 5 kinds of amide compounds. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and other statistical analysis methods, we found that there were six common components in different parts of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang root, which were citrulline, cholic acid, resveratrol, 7- carbonyl stigmasterol, sphingosine alcohol and monoglucose diacylglyceride. The citrulline, cholic acid, resveratrol and 7-carbonyl stigmasterol and the other chemical components showed the highest values in the root bark. The study indicates that chemical constituents in different parts ofSemiliquidambar cathayensis Chang root have some differences and individual advantages, and provides data support for future directed breeding and quality evaluation of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang (based on antiphlogistic and analgesia active substances).