Abstract: This study focuses on the typical soils, i.e. mollisol, chernozem, dark brown soil, meadow soil and chestnut soil, in the agro- pastoral zone in Hulunbuir. The authors studied the bulk density, texture, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) in different genetic layers of soil profiles to illuminate the distribution characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties in this region. The results showed that SOC, TN and TP all decreased with the increase of soil depth. However, both bulk density and pH value increased with the increase of soil depth. Soils under different utilization patterns also showed significant differences in the distribution of SOC, TN, TP and bulk density, and their contents in grass field was higher than that in farmland. SOC distribution in different soil profiles showed a trend of chernozem> mollisol> chestnut soil> meadow soil> dark brown soil. TN distribution showed a similar trend with SOC. TP distribution showed a trend of chestnut soil> mollisol> dark brown soil> meadow soil> chernozem. In all profiles, TK and texture did not show obvious rules.