Abstract: The paper aims to provide references for the introduction and protection of wild Bletilla formosana, as well as its high-yield cultivation techniques. We measured photosynthetic characteristics of B. formosana from 5 different origins by Li- 6400XT Portable Photosynthesis System. The results showed that: (1) B. formosana transplanted from Pingbian and Taiwan were typical shade- tolerant plants, with their light saturation points of (325.7 ± 28.1622) and (259.6 ± 20.2951) μmol/(m2 · s), respectively, and their light compensation points of (18.62 ± 4.1350) and (3.70 ± 1.3116) μmol/(m2 · s), respectively; (2) B. formosana transplanted from Gejiu, Sichuan and Mengzi had strong adaptability to the environment, with high light compensation points and low light saturation points; from the perspective of production, they had a large advantage in introduction, cultivation and protection; (3) the correlation analysis showed that: intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), leaf temperature (TL) and relative humidity (RH) were closely related with net photosynthetic rate (Pn). The research clarifies the life style of B. formosana from 5 different origins and the related factors, which could provide a foundation for the introduction and protection of B. formosana