Effects of Nitrogen Application on Phosphorus Nutrition of Oil Flax

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0024

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the potential of nitrogen (N) fertilizer management in regulating phosphorus (P) nutrition of oil flax, two soil culture experiments were used, and the response of P accumulation and utilization of oil flax to N fertilizer amount, application period and ratio was studied. The results showed that N application significantly increased P accumulation in plants. Compared with no N fertilizer, 0.1 g N/kg soil and 0.2 g N/kg soil, all applied as basal fertilizer, increased P accumulation in mature plants by 24.83% and 34.23%, respectively. When N fertilizer of 0.2 g N/kg soil was set in the following five application modes: 100% basal fertilizer (F₁), 2/3 basal fertilizer + 1/3 top dressing in budding period (F₂), 1/2 basal fertilizer + 1/2 top dressing in budding period (F₃), 1/6 basal fertilizer + 5/6 top dressing in fir-shaped period (F₄), 1/6 basal fertilizer + 1/3 top dressing in fir-shaped period + 1/2 top dressing in budding period (F₅), P accumulation in oil flax plants of F₂, F₃, F₄ and F₅ increased by 14.17%-32.60% (fir-shaped period), 9.32%-66.20% (budding period), 20.47%-36.35% (green fruit period) and 4.65%-31.04% (mature period), respectively, compared with that of F₁, and the increasing range was in the order of F₂, F₃, F₄ and F₅. The N application mode of basal fertilizer combined with topdressing, accompanied by basal fertilizer ratio ≤1/2, effectively promoted P absorption, and the synergy effect of F₃, F₄ and F₅ on P accumulation increased sequentially. N application synergistically improved P absorption efficiency and P fertilizer partial factor productivity. Compared with F₁, F₂, F₃ and F₄, F₅ increased plant dry matter accumulation and grain yield by 7.89%-22.02% and 9.59%-26.71%, respectively, and improved P absorption efficiency and P fertilizer partial factor productivity by 10.58%-31.04%, and increased phosphorus absorption efficiency and phosphorus partial productivity by 10.58%-31.04% and 9.59%-26.71%, respectively, reduced P dry matter production efficiency by 2.42%-7.43%. The synergy effect existed in the absorption of N and P, and the greater the N fertilizer amount within a certain range, the greater the effect was. For the same amount of N fertilizer, basal fertilizer combined with topdressing played a better role in assisting P absorption than all N was used as basal fertilizer. N fertilizer of basal application less than 1/2 with top dressing of about 1/2 in budding period is a better N fertilizer management mode, which could not only promote oil flax growth, but also improve P absorption and P fertilizer partial factor productivity. However, this way could result in a lower P use efficiency for both dry matter production and grain yield.

Key words: nitrogen fertilizer amount, nitrogen fertilizer application period, oil flax, phosphorus accumulation, phosphorus utilization

CLC Number:

S565.9

GUO Lizhuo, YANG Bo, GAO Yuhong, NIU Junyi. Effects of Nitrogen Application on Phosphorus Nutrition of Oil Flax[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(21): 24-31.

Figures/Tables 5

References 40

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时期	处理	根	茎	叶	生殖器官	籽粒	整株
枞形期	F₀	0.0747 a	0.0093 a	0.0644 a			0.1483 a
	F₁	0.0613 c	0.0068 b	0.0456 d			0.1138 c
	F₂	0.0669 b	0.0092 a	0.0538 c			0.1299 b
	F₃	0.0673 b	0.0089 a	0.0594 b			0.1356 b
	F₄	0.0749 a	0.0088 a	0.0667 a			0.1504 a
	F₅	0.0724 a	0.0090 a	0.0694 a			0.1508 a
现蕾期	F₀	0.0457 d	0.0188 d	0.0429 e	0.0440 d		0.1514 f
	F₁	0.0468 d	0.0232 c	0.0481 d	0.0473 c		0.1653 e
	F₂	0.0542 c	0.0313 b	0.0470 d	0.0482 c		0.1807 d
	F₃	0.0590 c	0.0300 b	0.0662 c	0.0550 b		0.2102 c
	F₄	0.0789 b	0.0333 a	0.0700 b	0.0698 a		0.2520 b
	F₅	0.0880 a	0.0342 a	0.0793 a	0.0734 a		0.2748 a
青果期	F₀	0.5338 d	0.1722 d	0.1555 d	0.5450 d		1.4064 e
	F₁	0.6527 c	0.1868 c	0.2150 b	0.7384 c		1.7929 d
	F₂	0.5966 c	0.1907 c	0.1891 c	0.7138 c		1.6902 d
	F₃	0.7955 b	0.2553 b	0.2727 a	0.8364 b		2.1599 c
	F₄	0.8276 b	0.2397 b	0.2795 a	0.9357 a		2.2825 b
	F₅	0.9710 a	0.2726 a	0.2827 a	0.9183 a		2.4446 a
成熟期	F₀	0.5520 e	0.2906 e	0.3240 d	0.9458 d	0.7588 d	2.1124 e
	F₁	0.6008 d	0.3257 d	0.3456 c	1.0507 c	0.8108 c	2.3229 d
	F₂	0.6228 d	0.3462 c	0.4266 b	1.0353 c	0.8159 c	2.4309 cd
	F₃	0.6950 c	0.3477 bc	0.4215 b	1.1086 b	0.9027 b	2.5728 c
	F₄	0.7613 b	0.3685 ab	0.4250 b	1.1978 a	0.9083 b	2.7527 b
	F₅	0.9209 a	0.3903 a	0.4585 a	1.2742 a	0.9814 a	3.0438 a

时期	处理	根	茎	叶	生殖器官	籽粒	整株
枞形期	F₀	0.0747 a	0.0093 a	0.0644 a			0.1483 a
	F₁	0.0613 c	0.0068 b	0.0456 d			0.1138 c
	F₂	0.0669 b	0.0092 a	0.0538 c			0.1299 b
	F₃	0.0673 b	0.0089 a	0.0594 b			0.1356 b
	F₄	0.0749 a	0.0088 a	0.0667 a			0.1504 a
	F₅	0.0724 a	0.0090 a	0.0694 a			0.1508 a
现蕾期	F₀	0.0457 d	0.0188 d	0.0429 e	0.0440 d		0.1514 f
	F₁	0.0468 d	0.0232 c	0.0481 d	0.0473 c		0.1653 e
	F₂	0.0542 c	0.0313 b	0.0470 d	0.0482 c		0.1807 d
	F₃	0.0590 c	0.0300 b	0.0662 c	0.0550 b		0.2102 c
	F₄	0.0789 b	0.0333 a	0.0700 b	0.0698 a		0.2520 b
	F₅	0.0880 a	0.0342 a	0.0793 a	0.0734 a		0.2748 a
青果期	F₀	0.5338 d	0.1722 d	0.1555 d	0.5450 d		1.4064 e
	F₁	0.6527 c	0.1868 c	0.2150 b	0.7384 c		1.7929 d
	F₂	0.5966 c	0.1907 c	0.1891 c	0.7138 c		1.6902 d
	F₃	0.7955 b	0.2553 b	0.2727 a	0.8364 b		2.1599 c
	F₄	0.8276 b	0.2397 b	0.2795 a	0.9357 a		2.2825 b
	F₅	0.9710 a	0.2726 a	0.2827 a	0.9183 a		2.4446 a
成熟期	F₀	0.5520 e	0.2906 e	0.3240 d	0.9458 d	0.7588 d	2.1124 e
	F₁	0.6008 d	0.3257 d	0.3456 c	1.0507 c	0.8108 c	2.3229 d
	F₂	0.6228 d	0.3462 c	0.4266 b	1.0353 c	0.8159 c	2.4309 cd
	F₃	0.6950 c	0.3477 bc	0.4215 b	1.1086 b	0.9027 b	2.5728 c
	F₄	0.7613 b	0.3685 ab	0.4250 b	1.1978 a	0.9083 b	2.7527 b
	F₅	0.9209 a	0.3903 a	0.4585 a	1.2742 a	0.9814 a	3.0438 a

处理	干物质积累量/ (g/株)	籽粒产量/ (g/株)	磷素吸收效率/ (mg/mg)	磷素干物质生产效率/ (mg/mg)	磷素籽粒生产效率/ (mg/mg)	磷肥偏生产力/ (mg/mg)
N₀	0.38 c	0.10 c	0.0466 c	255.03 a	67.11 a	3.13 d
N₁	0.44 b	0.13 b	0.0600 b	229.17 b	67.71 a	4.06 b
N_2a	0.45 b	0.11 c	0.0606 b	231.96 b	56.70 b	3.44 c
N_2b	0.51 a	0.15 a	0.0819 a	194.66 c	57.25 b	4.69 a

处理	干物质积累量/ (g/株)	籽粒产量/ (g/株)	磷素吸收效率/ (mg/mg)	磷素干物质生产效率/ (mg/mg)	磷素籽粒生产效率/ (mg/mg)	磷肥偏生产力/ (mg/mg)
N₀	0.38 c	0.10 c	0.0466 c	255.03 a	67.11 a	3.13 d
N₁	0.44 b	0.13 b	0.0600 b	229.17 b	67.71 a	4.06 b
N_2a	0.45 b	0.11 c	0.0606 b	231.96 b	56.70 b	3.44 c
N_2b	0.51 a	0.15 a	0.0819 a	194.66 c	57.25 b	4.69 a

处理	干物质积累量/ (g/株)	籽粒产量/ (g/株)	磷素吸收效率/ (mg/mg)	磷素干物质生产效率/ (mg/mg)	磷素籽粒生产效率/ (mg/mg)	磷肥偏生产力/ (mg/mg)
F₀	0.6260 d	0.1175 d	0.0374 e	296.37 a	55.62 bc	2.08 d
F₁	0.6885 c	0.1446 b	0.0411 d	296.38 a	62.25 a	2.56 b
F₂	0.6844 c	0.1299 c	0.0430 cd	281.55 ab	53.44 c	2.30 c
F₃	0.7528 b	0.1502 b	0.0455 c	292.61 ab	58.38 b	2.66 b
F₄	0.7740 b	0.1338 c	0.0487 b	281.18 ab	48.61 d	2.37 c
F₅	0.8351 a	0.1646 a	0.0539 a	274.37 b	54.08 c	2.91 a