Improving Broccoli Soil Nutrients and Fungal Community: Application of Different Rotation Patterns in Soil Health

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0604

Abstract

Abstract:

To solve the soil health problems such as fertility decline and quality degradation caused by unreasonable factors in the utilization and management of cultivated land resources, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of planting broccoli under different rotation patterns on soil nutrients, fungal community structure and diversity. The rhizosphere soil of broccoli after different rotation modes was used as the research object, and the soil chemical properties and enzyme activities were measured and analyzed. Six rotation modes were set, including continuous cropping of broccoli (BB), broccoli-millet (MB), broccoli-onion (OB), broccoli-soybean (SB), broccoli-potato (PB) and broccoli-welsh onion (GB), with broccoli as a control. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the fungal community structure and diversity under different rotation modes. The results showed that compared with the continuous cropping of broccoli, the chemical properties of soil rhizosphere in each rotation treatment were significantly different, and there was no significant difference in pH, and the chemical properties of MB were significantly increased. By Alpha diversity analysis, the Chao1 index and the observed species number index of other treatments showed an upward trend compared with BB, while the Simpson index showed a downward trend. As for the Shannon index and Pielou’s evenness index, the performance was SB<GB<MB<BB<PB<OB. The results of the abundance and composition of the fungal community showed that the dominant flora was composed of chytridiomycota, ascomycota, sporophytes and chaetomium. Correlation analysis showed that total phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors affecting soil beneficial bacteria. By comprehensive comparison, MB can significantly optimize soil chemical properties, enhance enzyme activity, and increase the abundance and diversity of beneficial microbial communities, thereby enhancing soil nutrient regulation and plant disease resistance. MB is the best in all aspects of indicators, which can effectively alleviate the continuous cropping of broccoli and improve soil health problems. It is recommended as a promotion planting mode.

Key words: broccoli, rotation, soil chemical properties, soil microorganisms, soil health

ZHANG Kai, CHENG Yandi, HU Haonan, FENG Haiping, WU Hongliang, KANG Jianhong. Improving Broccoli Soil Nutrients and Fungal Community: Application of Different Rotation Patterns in Soil Health[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(18): 73-82.

Figures/Tables 9

References 36

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	pH	EC/(mS/cm)	SOM/(g/kg)	TN/(g/kg)	TP/(g/kg)	AK/(mg/kg)
B	8.78	0.20	11.38	0.50	0.47	124.71
M	8.73	0.19	13.21	0.58	0.29	160.64
S	8.73	0.19	13.50	0.59	0.44	139.16
O	8.85	0.19	9.40	0.57	0.31	107.10
G	8.74	0.18	18.14	0.89	0.33	224.28
P	8.75	0.22	13.06	0.65	0.41	199.24
	AP/(g/kg)	NO₃^--N/(mg/kg)	NH₄⁺-N/(mg/kg)	脲酶Urease/[mg/(d·g)]	蔗糖酶Sucrase/[mg/(d·g)]	过氧化氢酶Catalase/[mg/(d·g)]
B	16.75	0.09	0.13	2.71	0.94	1.11
M	36.83	0.03	0.14	2.77	0.86	1.05
S	31.44	0.04	0.10	3.99	1.49	1.10
O	14.05	0.30	0.18	3.22	1.29	0.97
G	30.86	0.12	0.12	7.41	3.44	1.17
P	11.99	0.14	0.17	3.12	1.70	1.12

	pH	EC/(mS/cm)	SOM/(g/kg)	TN/(g/kg)	TP/(g/kg)	AK/(mg/kg)
B	8.78	0.20	11.38	0.50	0.47	124.71
M	8.73	0.19	13.21	0.58	0.29	160.64
S	8.73	0.19	13.50	0.59	0.44	139.16
O	8.85	0.19	9.40	0.57	0.31	107.10
G	8.74	0.18	18.14	0.89	0.33	224.28
P	8.75	0.22	13.06	0.65	0.41	199.24
	AP/(g/kg)	NO₃^--N/(mg/kg)	NH₄⁺-N/(mg/kg)	脲酶Urease/[mg/(d·g)]	蔗糖酶Sucrase/[mg/(d·g)]	过氧化氢酶Catalase/[mg/(d·g)]
B	16.75	0.09	0.13	2.71	0.94	1.11
M	36.83	0.03	0.14	2.77	0.86	1.05
S	31.44	0.04	0.10	3.99	1.49	1.10
O	14.05	0.30	0.18	3.22	1.29	0.97
G	30.86	0.12	0.12	7.41	3.44	1.17
P	11.99	0.14	0.17	3.12	1.70	1.12

指标	测定方法
有机质	重铬酸钾容量法—外加热法
全氮	凯氏定氮法
全磷	HCLO₄-H₂SO₄法
速效磷	NaHCO₃—钼锑抗比色法
速效钾	NH₄OAC—火焰光度法
硝态氮	紫外分光光度比色法
氨态氮	硫酸钾浸提—靛芬蓝比色法

指标	测定方法
有机质	重铬酸钾容量法—外加热法
全氮	凯氏定氮法
全磷	HCLO₄-H₂SO₄法
速效磷	NaHCO₃—钼锑抗比色法
速效钾	NH₄OAC—火焰光度法
硝态氮	紫外分光光度比色法
氨态氮	硫酸钾浸提—靛芬蓝比色法

处理	Chao1 指数	物种观察数	辛普森指数	香农指数	Pielou均匀度	覆盖度/%
BB	242.11±26.89b	235.08±23.50b	0.76±0.14a	3.75±0.79a	0.48±0.11a	100
GB	274.65±50.63ab	268.12±50.00ab	0.55±0.24a	2.76±1.42a	0.348±0.16a	100
MB	352.59±56.33a	342.82±57.14a	0.72±0.20a	3.70±1.11a	0.44±0.13a	100
OB	250.90±87.66b	247.02±86.56ab	0.73±0.25a	3.92±1.57a	0.50±0.19a	100
PB	261.84±38.91ab	255.68±34.85ab	0.75±0.196a	3.80±1.02a	0.48±0.13a	100
SB	292.89±14.12ab	277.04±34.85ab	0.38±0.28a	1.98±1.42a	0.24±0.17a	100