It is a fundamental work to identify pear species and cultivars for conservation, studies and use of germplasm resources as well as plant variety protection. For not a short time, morphology, pollen morphology, cytology, iso-enzyme are the main identifying techniques on pear species and cultivars. The DNA marker technique which is the most effective method is a new approach to identify pear species and cultivars. All of the methods are introduced in this paper as well as the research progress and the sequent studies. Morphology is the most widely used method while molecular marker techniques such as RAPD、AFLP and SSR are studied most but used less on pears in compare with other fruit varieties.
