Effects of Different Root-promoting and Seedling-strengthening Technologies on Maize Growth and Yield in Low-lying Areas of Northeast China

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0291

Abstract

Abstract:

The ground temperature in spring in the low-lying areas of Northeast China is low, which easily leads to poor seedling quality and slow growth of maize. Under the conservation tillage mode, this phenomenon is more obvious. The development of root-promoting and seedling-strengthening technology may be an important way to increase maize yield. Plant growth-promoting bacteria and trace elements can promote root growth and reduce low temperature stress. This study aimed to explore the role of the technologies in promoting the growth and yield of maize in low-lying land. The study was conducted in Changjiadian Village, Liujiaguanzi Town, Lishu County, Jilin Province in 2023 and 2024. Five treatments were set up, which were (1) farmers’ routine; (2) rhizosphere application of microbial phosphate fertilizer; (3) rhizosphere application of growth-promoting bacterial agent A28; (4) rhizosphere application of growth-promoting bacteria agent P24; (5) spraying humic acid trace element foliar fertilizer on plant shoot. Plant samples were collected during the whole growth period of maize, and root and aboveground biomass, leaf area index, yield and its components were measured. The results showed that the root-promoting and seedling-strengthening techniques could improve the growth of maize seedlings. At the seedling stage (the sixth leaf expansion stage), the leaf area index increased by 25.9%-141.2%, the root biomass increased by 15.7%-82.4%, and the aboveground biomass increased by 10.7%-84.6%. At the same time, it also significantly delayed the senescence of leaves and roots in the later stage, increased the 100-grain weight and grain number per ear of maize, and finally significantly increased the yield of maize by 4.9%-18.7%. The effect of increasing yield was shown as growth-promoting bacterial agent > microbial phosphate fertilizer > trace element foliar fertilizer. Among them, the growth-promoting bacterial agent A28 had the best yield-increasing effect and stability, with an average yield increase of 16.2%. This paper believed that the rhizosphere microbial regulation technology could effectively reduce the stress of soil low temperature on the growth of maize seedlings, and ultimately increase the yield of maize, which had a wide application value in the low-lying areas of Northeast China.

Key words: strip tillage, root-promoting and seedling-strengthening, corn yield, low-lying land, root regulation, foliar fertilizer

GAO Mingyang, SHA Ye, HU Wenlang, HUANG Yi, ZHANG Jingran, SUI Xinhua, MI Guohua. Effects of Different Root-promoting and Seedling-strengthening Technologies on Maize Growth and Yield in Low-lying Areas of Northeast China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(29): 7-14.

Figures/Tables 6

References 26

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土层深度/cm	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
0~5	6.53	13.26	0.83	10.60	113.25
5~10	6.53	12.36	0.80	10.68	94.00
10~20	6.33	10.17	0.71	8.93	64.13
20~30	8.03	9.15	0.66	0.84	41.63
30~40	8.21	7.07	0.53	0.27	35.63

土层深度/cm	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
0~5	6.53	13.26	0.83	10.60	113.25
5~10	6.53	12.36	0.80	10.68	94.00
10~20	6.33	10.17	0.71	8.93	64.13
20~30	8.03	9.15	0.66	0.84	41.63
30~40	8.21	7.07	0.53	0.27	35.63

年份	处理	产量/ (t/hm²)	穗数/ (×10⁴/hm²)	百粒重/ g	穗粒数/ (粒/穗)
2023	农户常规	10.64 b	5.46 a	32.21 b	604.94 cd
	微生物磷肥	12.63 a	5.26 a	34.88 a	689.20 a
	菌剂A28	12.41 a	5.27 a	35.64 a	661.09 ab
	菌剂P24	12.25 a	5.51 a	35.24 a	629.35 bc
	叶面肥	11.16 ab	5.67 a	34.01 ab	579.35 d
2024	农户常规	10.90 d	5.83 a	32.08 b	583.91 b
	微生物磷肥	11.53 c	5.46 b	33.31 ab	634.04 a
	菌剂A28	12.60 a	5.59 ab	35.22 a	640.33 a
	菌剂P24	11.98 b	5.67 ab	34.97 a	604.76 ab
	叶面肥	12.59 a	5.77 ab	35.14 a	621.29 ab

年份	处理	产量/ (t/hm²)	穗数/ (×10⁴/hm²)	百粒重/ g	穗粒数/ (粒/穗)
2023	农户常规	10.64 b	5.46 a	32.21 b	604.94 cd
	微生物磷肥	12.63 a	5.26 a	34.88 a	689.20 a
	菌剂A28	12.41 a	5.27 a	35.64 a	661.09 ab
	菌剂P24	12.25 a	5.51 a	35.24 a	629.35 bc
	叶面肥	11.16 ab	5.67 a	34.01 ab	579.35 d
2024	农户常规	10.90 d	5.83 a	32.08 b	583.91 b
	微生物磷肥	11.53 c	5.46 b	33.31 ab	634.04 a
	菌剂A28	12.60 a	5.59 ab	35.22 a	640.33 a
	菌剂P24	11.98 b	5.67 ab	34.97 a	604.76 ab
	叶面肥	12.59 a	5.77 ab	35.14 a	621.29 ab