Abstract:

In order to clarify the impact of climate change on tobacco quality and enhance the potassium and petroleum ether extract content, the study analyzed the distribution characteristics of climate elements and the distribution of petroleum ether extract and potassium content in tobacco leaves, as well as the main influencing climate factors using mathematical statistical methods with metrological data in Baoshan tobacco growing area from 2000 to 2020 and the data of petroleum ether extract and potassium content of tobacco leaves. The results showed that the average precipitation during the field period in Baoshan tobacco growing area was 978.83 mm, the average temperature was 19.16℃, and the average total sunshine hours were 882.77 h, with a relatively low average temperature in the past 20 years. The total precipitation during the field period showed a gradually decreasing trend from west to east, with the highest monthly rainfall in July; the sunshine hours gradually increased from west to east, with the lowest monthly sunshine hours in July; at the same time, the average temperature was mainly between 17-20℃, with scattered areas below 17 ℃ in Tengchong, and the monthly average temperature reached its peak in June and August. The average content of petroleum ether extract in the middle and upper tobacco leaves of Baoshan was 6.20% and 6.21% respectively, and the potassium content was 2.00% and 1.72% respectively, both of which were within the lower limit of the requirements for high-quality tobacco leaves. The petroleum ether extract of central tobacco leaves was the highest in Longling County, while the petroleum ether extract of upper tobacco leaves was high in the middle and low in the surrounding areas; the potassium content in tobacco leaves showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing from west to east. The petroleum ether extract and potassium content of tobacco leaves were mainly affected by precipitation and sunshine hours, and the sunshine hours in August and September had the most significant effects on the petroleum ether extract content of central and upper tobacco leaves, with August showing a negative effect and September showing a positive effect; The precipitation in July was significantly positively correlated with the potassium content of tobacco leaves in the central and upper parts. Therefore, the primary climate factors influencing the potassium and petroleum ether extract content of flue-cured tobacco are the precipitation levels across different months in Baoshan Area.

Key words: Baoshan tobacco-growing area, flue-cured tobacco, climate factors, petroleum ether extract, potassium