Abstract:

Winter wheat is the main crops in Southern Shanxi, excess nitrogen (N) fertilizer application to this system is a common problem. Three-year filed experiment was conducted by applying real-time N management in Libu Village of Hongdong County, Shanxi Province. The results of this study clearly showed that optimal N rates were significantly lower than farmer’s practice. The amounts of 3-year accumulative saving N fertilizer were 903 kg/hm2. Compared with farmer’s practice, the grain yield of optimal N rate increased by 6.1%, and the incomes 1833 yuan/hm2, due to synchronizing N supply from soil and fertilizer, and N demand of winter wheat. In addition, the N recovery efficiency, N agronomic efficiency, and N partial factor productivity of optimal N treatment were improved and the nitrate accumulation and leaching were significantly reduced. Therefore, it is preliminarily conclude that application of real-time N management can realize the synchronization of grain yield increase, N efficiency improvement and environment protection.