Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of genetype and medium on callus induction and differentiation, the mature embryos of Triticum durum Desf., Moxilika, Triticum boeoticum.Tb, Triticum boeoticum.Tu were cultured. The results showed that there were great differences in frequency of induction, differentiation and plant regeneration of mature embryos callus from four wheat varieties. Mature embryo-derived callus of Triticum durum Desf. showed best tissue culture response than other genotypes. With the concentration of 2, 4-D from 1.0 to 4.0mg/L，there was little differences on callus induction which was above 93%. Different hormone combinations have great effects on frequency of green spots and regeneration of callus from mature embryos. For Triticum durum Desf., Moxilika and Triticum boeoticum. Tb, the optimal hormone combinations of differentiation Medium was 1.5mg/L KT and 0.5mg/L NAA, under which the frequency of green spot were 85.22%, 61.67%, 8.50%, and the frequency of regeneration were 40.40%, 32.06%, 1.72%, respectively. Whereas with 1.5mg/L KT and 0.5mg/L NAA, the frequency of green spot and regeneration of Triticum boeoticum. Tu was highest, which were 18.64% and 8.47%, respectively. The genetype was the main factor influencing the tissue culture of diploid and tetraploid wheat, and the frequency of callus induction and plant regeneration was independent.