Abstract: The paper explored the suitable cultivation methods and their effects of summer-planting peanut after winter wheat harvest, in order to provide a basis for guiding the production practices of peanut. Under field conditions,‘Qinghua 7’was used to study the influences of cultivation methods on plant growth and yield of summer-planting peanut. The results showed that: compared with conventional cultivation methods, high-yield protective cultivation style of summer-planting peanut could dwarf the plant height, so that the main height under the method decreased 15.7% compared with plastic film mulching methods, which could effectively prevent excessive growth and lodging of peanut. High-yield protective cultivation style of summer-planting peanut promoted dry matter accumulation of vegetative organs of peanut increased the number of effective flowering and fruit pin of peanut. Moreover, high-yield protective cultivation style of summer-planting peanut could promote the pod development of peanut, and the pod number per plant increased from 0.8 to 2.0 than that under other treatments, and the pod number per kg reduced from 23.8 to 66.5. High-yield protective cultivation style of summer-planting peanut significantly increased the allocation proportion of dry matter to the pod, raised the economic coefficient from 0.08 to 0.17, and increased pod yield by 5.5% to 29.2%, compared with conventional cultivation methods. The growth-development status of peanut under plastic film mulching condition was better than that under the open field cultivation, as well as strew returning cultivation style was better than no-straw returning. It concluded that, high-yield protective cultivation method is the best cultivation method of summer planting peanut achieving high yield under the conditions of this experiment.