Abstract: Resistant inheritance of new resource N553, to wheat scab was investigated with six generations genetic design. Which include the genetic analysis of major gene plus polygenes. The results showed as follows: The scab resistance of N553 fits the genetic model of two major genes plus polygenes. The genetic model for N553 also fits model E-1-0 (two major genes plus polygenes with additive-dominance-epistatic effect), the additive effect of the first major gene are double of the second major gene and there are negative dominance effects and significant epistatic effects. The major gene explains 25.71%~91.61% of the phenotypic variation, whereas the heritability of polygenes is just from 3.15% to 64.00%.