Current issue

• 2005 Vol.21 No.6 Published:05 June 2005

  目次

  The Study of Matic Cell Nucear Tranfer of Transgenin (t-PA) in Goat Liu Fengjun, Wang Yongsheng, Zhang Yong 2005, 21 (6):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1737 )   PDF ( 548336KB )   ( 487 ) The development of nuclear transfer embryos derived from fetal fibroblasts including t-PA gene and ovary granulose cells were compared. The cleavagetate （82.9%）and Morulae rate （55.9%）of ovary granulose cells were more high than those of fetal fibroblasts(75.7%,48.7%). Blastocyst rate (19.7%) of ovary granulose cells was significantly higher than that of fetal fibroblasts (11.0%). The development of nuclear transfer embryos derived from fetal fibroblasts including t-PA gene in media DMEM/F12 including 0.5%FBS for starvation and including 10%FBS were compared. The cleavagetate(75.6%) of nuclear transfer embryos in media DMEM/F12 adding 0.5%FBS is not significantly defferenter than that (75.8%)in media DMEM/F12 adding10%FBS. Morular rate (46.5%) and blastocyst rate (11.0%) in media DMEM/F12 including 0.5%FBS were higher than those (39.3%, 9.0%) in media DMEM/F12 adding10%FBS （P＞0.05）. The blastocyst rate(9.1%) nuclear transfer embryos in media SOF adding 10% bFF was higher that(4.2% )10% FBS. The blastocyst rate(11.2%) nuclear transfer embryos in media SOF adding 10% bFF was higher that(5.5% )10% FBS. SOF was better than CR1 for the early development in nuclear transfer embryos.

  Preparation of the Solid Dispersion-Effervescent Tablets of Praziquantel Luo Yanhong,Wang Yanhua,Ye Zhude,Wang Jinhu 2005, 21 (6):  5-5.  Abstract + ( 1326 )   PDF ( 474701KB )   ( 660 ) (College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100)

  Research on the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its Receptor in Human Yolk Sac at Various Developmental Stages Wang Yuesi, Jiang Yuzhu, Li Jianyuan, Wang Haiyan, Fan Guangli 2005, 21 (6):  8-8.  Abstract + ( 1234 )   PDF ( 433580KB )   ( 673 ) To investigate the expression of VEGF, KDR and CD34 in human yolk sac at different stages, we applied immunohistochemical staining and light microscope. It was demonstrated low expression of VEGF, KDR and null expression of CD34 at 3~4 week human yolk sac, strong expression of VEGF, KDR and CD34 at 4~6 week group. Positive cells in the blood island presented large and round, cluster-like or dispersed. And some cells surrounding the blood island showed blood vessel-like structure. At more than 6 weeks after gestation group, the yolk sac expressed VEGF, KDR and CD34 weakly. These findings suggested that the yolk sac could express hematopoietic and angiogenetic associated factors with embryonic development, and contained possibly the hemangioblast which could differentiate into hematopoietic stem cells and vascular endothelial cells.

  Isolation and Purification of Goat Epidermal Stem Cells Li Wei, Yang Xueyi, Han Yating, Dou Zhongying 2005, 21 (6):  12-12.  Abstract + ( 1388 )   PDF ( 454160KB )   ( 531 ) Stemness of epidermal stem cells(ESCs) is the result of the combination of intrinsic characteristics and extrinsic microenvironment. The key point of in vitro culturing ESC in long term is maintaining the elements of microenvironment. This experiment isolates ESC from the cells originating from skin explant cultures through respective trypsinization and type IV collagen rapid adhering. And ESCs are cultured in serum-free medium containing 20% conditioned medium. The original cells show K19 positive immunofluorescence staining, and form PGCs colony-like cell groups. Cells originating from both epidermis and dermal tissue show typical characteristics, colony forming and road metal-like shape. They are respectively passaged to 5 and 8 passage. Passaged cells showβ1 integrin positive immunofluorescence staining. The colony-forming efficiency (CFE) of passage 5 and passage 8 are 18.5% and 8.5%. All these results demonstrate that skin explant culturing method can maintain the microenvironment of ESC, and the harvested ESC show characteristics of stemness and can be stably passaged.

  The Pathological Observation of Crested Ibis Die of Salmonellosis Wang Yueying, Fan Guangli 2005, 21 (6):  15-15.  Abstract + ( 1200 )   An acutely dead domesticated crested ibis were pathological checked systematically. The obvious lesion of liver, lung spleen and kidney were found of swell, hemorrhage and congestion; the oviduct uterine tube of hemorrhage, the structure of oviduct uterine tube were not intact and adhesion with vicinal tissues. The histological pathological changes were as follow: hepatic cell particulate degeneration, swell necrosis and inflammatory infiltration; hepatic sinusoid expendable, congestion widely; Renal tubule epithelial cell swell; degeneration and partial necrosis, exfoliated. Interstitial capillary expandable hyperemia and partly hemorrhage; pneumonia hemorrhage seriously, capillary expandable and hyperemia; intestine mucous membrane exfoliated, submucosa vein expandable and congestion, inflammatory infiltration. The microbiological diagnosis showed caused by salmonella.

  Stem Cell and Tumor Cell Liu Yuxiao, Yang Jijian, Zhang Huiru, Dou Zhongying 2005, 21 (6):  18-18.  Abstract + ( 1276 )   PDF ( 451577KB )   ( 800 ) Tumor is one of deadly diseases to mankind. Up to now, it is known little about its mechanism. Stem cell biology has come of age. More and more evidences show the close relationship between tumor genesis and abnormal development of stem cell. This shot view intends to give a general overview on relationship between tumor and stem cells, and prosperity for tumor recovery.

  Evaluation on the Storage Effect of Silage Corn Wang Zhenhua, Li Dongmei, Zou Yueli, Jin Yi, Yang Chuanping 2005, 21 (6):  21-21.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 590605KB )   ( 619 ) This paper evaluated the storage effect of Dongqing No. 1 and Dongqing01 using sensory and laboratory methods. The result showed that the sensory multiple-scoring of the two silage corn varieties were higher than 82 score, and the laboratory multiple-scoring were higher than 77.5 score. So two methods drew the same conclusion, and the quality was superior. However the sensory evaluation must use the uniform standard and it was better to evaluate by laboratory method. And also the feeding experiment of Dongqing1 tested the two methods further.

  Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of the Cattle Myostatin Gene Shi Mingyan, Zan Linsen, Li Baolan, Liu Xia, Zhang zifu 2005, 21 (6):  24-24.  Abstract + ( 1553 )   PDF ( 485729KB )   ( 809 ) Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. Using a pair of special primers to amplify the exon 3 of Myostatin gene in Qinchuan, Nanyang Beef and Piedmontese, we aimed to detect the polymorphisms of Myostatin gene. We found that it was G mutated to T at 938 point in exon 3 that made the polymorphisms of Myostatin gene in Nanyang Beef and Piedmontese.

  he study of canine or pig transfer factor effects on proliferation of canine lymphocytes Kong Qingbo,, Cong Liyuan, Li Jia, Chang Jianjun Chen Dekun, Zhang Yanming 2005, 21 (6):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   PDF ( 558847KB )   ( 700 ) Pick-off blood with anticoagulant aseptically and the lymphocytes were isolated. Effects of FCS，PBMC，PHA-P of different concentration on promote lymphocytes proliferation were tested by orthogonal test. On the base of the best level combination, different concentration canine or pig TF was investigated to detect its effect on the activation of lymphocytes by MTT essay. The result of experiment demonstrate that the best levels combination of canine lymphocyte, PHA-P, calf blood serum were 2.5×106 unit/ml，6.25μg/ml，10% respectively. Under this optimum cultural condition, the lymphocytes remarkable proliferated between 0.195~25mg/ml of canine and pig TF，but the best stimulate concentration of the canine and pig TF only or it with PHA-P is 1.56mg/ml. Furthermore, it is confirmed that lymphocytes developed by the canine and pig TF single was much better than they cooperated with PHA-P. The results confirm that the same or difficult race TF’s effect was obvious and provides a basis for further application on the difficult race TF preventing and curing canine’s virus disease.

  Effect on Synchronization of Estrus to Recipient Bovine about Introduction Time and Nutrition Li Zhang, , Hongguo Cao, Junping Liu, , Jun Li, Zhuyun Wu, Ming Li, Yong Zhang 2005, 21 (6):  29-29.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   PDF ( 510268KB )   ( 568 ) In order to study effect on synchronization of estrus to recipient bovines about introduction time and nutrition, recipient bovines were synchronized with CIDR and Cloprostenol. Results indicated that synchronization rate was 93.75% and estrus usable rate was 90.69% to recipient bovines introduced before 3.5 months. But synchronization rate was 77.21% and estrus usable rate was 77.05% to recipient bovines introduced before 1.5 months. So synchronization rate and estrus usable rate were significantly different (p＜0.01＝between two group recipient bovines; Most recipient bovines within 48th hour were with significant estrus symptom after CIDRs were taken, and estrus rate of two group recipient bovines were 77.3% and 77.2%, respectively; Mean estrus rate and mean estrus usable rate of recipient bovines, which were served with fine feedstuff and others, were 80.37% and 79.23%, but mean estrus rate and mean estrus usable rate of recipient bovines, which were served with ordinary feedstuff and others, were 60.83% and 60.30%, so mean estrus rate and mean estrus usable rate were significantly different (p＜0.01＝between two group recipient bovines; Mean left corpus luteum rate of recipient bovines was 31.36%, whereas mean right corpus luteum rate was 68.64%, so significant difference (p＜0.01＝were between two group recipient bovines with different corpus luteum, furthermore, improved nutrition could raised right corpus luteum rate of recipient bovines. It is substantiated that introduction time over 3.5 months and improved nutrition before 1.5 months were very important to synchronization of estrus to recipient bovines.

  Effect of Honeysuckle Preparation Decocted with Water and Deposited with Alcohol on In-Vitro Small Intestine Movement of Domestic Rabbit Wang Minggen, Ni Shaojiang, Liu Shengbao, Ying Ruhai, Wei Qing, Ning Kangjian 2005, 21 (6):  32-32.  Abstract + ( 1634 )   PDF ( 583223KB )   ( 591 ) Objective: observe how differently processed honeysuckle preparations decocted with water and deposited with alcohol effect the movement performance of In- Vitro small Intestine of domestic rabbits; and probe into the scheme of pharmacological action. Method: adopt leaf shell organ experiment method, record the tension data before and after the effect of differently processed honeysuckle preparations on leaf shell small intestine by the BL-New century biologic signal collecting and processing system. Result: At alcohol concentration of 50%, 70%, 90% and medicament concentration of 0.1g/ml, 0.5g/ml, 1.0g/ml respectively, the honeysuckle preparation appears obvious restrain effect on leaf shell small intestine movement of domestic rabbit with a large difference（P<0.11）; At alcohol concentration of 70% and medicament concentration of 1.0%, the honeysuckle preparation appears the most intensive effect(P<0.01); At the same alcohol concentration its restrain effect on small intestine movement increases with the increase of the honeysuckle concentration. Conclusion: Honeysuckle preparation decocted with water and deposited with alcohol has obvious restrain effect on small intestine movement of domestic rabbit; at the same alcohol concentration, its effect becomes more obvious with the increase of honeysuckle preparation concentration.

  Study on Shanxi Stockbreeding Actuality and Countermeasures Wang Runping, Cui Keyong 2005, 21 (6):  35-35.  Abstract + ( 1643 )   PDF ( 717074KB )   ( 707 ) In these years, Shanxi stockbreeding have been developing rapidly, stockbreeding proportion in agriculture is improved notability. But some problems, such as conflict between small produce and big market, industrialization degree low; epidemic disease prevention and cure level low, etc. still exist in stockbreeding. So we should take countermeasures as follows: supporting leading-corporation energetically; boosting industrialization; optimizing overall arrangement; translating breed aquatics from family to scale; reinforcing epidemic disease prevention and cure; establishing livestock product quality standard system.

  Advance of Fecundity Genes in Sheep Ai Juntao, Guan Feng, Yang Liguo, 2005, 21 (6):  39-39.  Abstract + ( 1596 )   PDF ( 571673KB )   ( 676 ) Genetic model and genetic effects on litter size of BMPR-IB gene mutation, BMP15 gene mutation and GDF9 gene mutation were reviewed in this article in details. And Woodlands gene, Thoka gene and Lacaune gene are known to exist from the expressed inheritance patterns and Olkuska gene, Belle-Ile gene, and NZ Longwool genes are putative prolificacy genes from the expressed inheritance patterns were reviewed, too. The aim of this review is to provide theory for using of these markers and assisted selection in animal breeding.

  The Decision and Differentiation in Fowl Sex Liu Chao 2005, 21 (6):  42-42.  Abstract + ( 1540 )   PDF ( 689955KB )   ( 959 ) Because the same sex determination gene fragment of fowl as SRY of mammal is not found，the discovered peculiar gene fragment in XhoI family will become the basic study of sex determine gene; The basis of sex differentiation is aromatic enzyme which controls sex hormone’s transformation; sex-linked inheritance and cloacae sexing will still be the main methods of sex authenticate；a female can turn into a male through hormone in educing and the changed female can turn into its genetic sex while a male can not turn similarly．Discover the essence of sex determination and sex differentiation will be the major task in research of fowl sex control.

  PPARβand its Effects on Animal Reproduction Luo Yong, Qu Changqing, Ji Yuntao 2005, 21 (6):  46-46.  Abstract + ( 1070 )   PDF ( 723096KB )   ( 849 ) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are nuclear receptors involved in lipid homeostasis. PPARδ/βshows a broad expression pattern with higher levels in tissues with active lipid metabolism, such as adipose tissue, small intestine and muscle. Recent studies have linked this receptor to implantation and development of embryos.

  Effects of Synbiotics of Astragalus Polysaccharide and Profitable Microbe on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Chick Li Shupeng, Zhao Xianjun 2005, 21 (6):  51-51.  Abstract + ( 1579 )   PDF ( 1183385KB )   ( 810 ) The effects of compounds of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and profitable microbe (PM) on growth performance and immune function of chicks were studied. 240 Hy-Line chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates (10 chicks per replicate). The experiment last 6 weeks and feed and water were provided freely. The basic diet of the 4 groups was the same and treatments were as follows: control (no APS and no PM), 220mg/kg APS, 4×107cfu/g PM and 220mg/kg APS+4×107cfu/g PM. In the end of every week of the trial, chicks and forage consumption were weighed and feed/growth were calculated; In the end of third and sixth week, blood was sampled in the heart and then chicks were slaughtered to weigh Bursa of Fabricius and Spleen. The results showed: All of APS, PM and the compounds could significantly increase Average Growth of Each Week (p<0.05), decrease forage consumption (p<0.05), lower feed/growth (the decrease was respectively 13.96%, 15.26% and 12.34%, p<0.05). But it did not show that there is no significant difference of growth performance between PM+APS group and APS group or PM group (p>0.05). Compared to the control group, serum total protein of the trial groups are higher (p<0.05), but serum glucose is lower (p<0.05). The index of Bursa of Fabricius and Spleen of APS+PM group are both significantly higher than the others (p<0.05). Serum antibody titer to Newcastle disease vaccine of the trial groups are higher than the control group (p<0.05), and the effect of APS+PM group is the best remarkable.

  Effect of EGF and GSH on the in vitro Fertilization inBovine Oocyte Xu Tao, Dou Zhongying, Chen Jingbo 2005, 21 (6):  55-55.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 1079226KB )   ( 2660 ) In present study the effects of EGF and GSH on the sheep in vitro fertilization of bovine were investigated, using M-199 as maturation control medium supplied with 5% OCS, using TALP medium as fertilization control medium supplied with 6%BSA, 5iu/ml heparine and 5mM caffine. The culture medium is SOFaa. When 10ng/mlEGF and 50ng/mlEGF is used in maturation medium, the the fertilization rate of EGF and control are 76.00%(114/150), 76.71% (112/146) and 60.70%(85/140),the blastcyst rate are 23.68%(27/114), 24.69%(20/81)and17.64%(15/85). The fertilization medium is TALP supplied with 6%BSA, 5iu/ml heparine and 5mM caffine. When 1mM GSH and 10mM is added, the fertilization rate of GSH and control is 71.66%(86/120), 63.28%(81/128) and 76.00%(114/150); the blastcyst rate is 34.88% (30/86), 24.69%(20/81)and 23.68%(27/114). The results indicate that M-199 supplement with 5% OCS and 10ng/mlEGF or 50ng/mlEGF can promote in vitro cleavage and development of bovine oocyte, but the higher concentration has no better effect than the lower concentration. At the same time, the fertilization medium added with 1mMGSH can promote in vitro development of bovine oocyte, without affect fertilization rate. But with the higher concentration of GSH, it cannot increase the rate of fertilization and blastcyst.

  Studies on DNA Polymorphism of the Cultivated Strains of Volvariella volvacea by PCR-RFLP and RAPD Techniques Yu Zhisheng, Lv Zuozhou, Chen Mingjie, Pan Yingjie 2005, 21 (6):  58-58.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   PDF ( 1295327KB )   ( 629 ) The polymorphisms of rDNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and total genomic DNA were examined in 12 cultivated strains of V. volvacea. By PCR-RFLP technique, two regions of rDNA5.8s+ITS and small mtDNA were successfully amplified, respectively. The amplified products were subsequently digested with special restriction endonucleases. The results showed that genetic diversity was small within the two regions for 12 strains. According to the restriction fragment patterns of rDNA 5.8s+ITS by HinfⅠand Sau3A, 12 strains could be divided into two groups. For small mtDNA, however, all restriction fragment patterns confirmed that there was no variation in 12 strains. The total genomic DNA was then examined by sensitive RAPD technique. The results showed that genetic similarity coefficients between the strains were within a range from 0.554 to 0.898, while average similarity coefficient between them was 0.707. Furthermore, 12 strains could be divided into 4 groups based on the level of similarity coefficient 0.710 by cluster dendrogram. These results provided the genetic foundation for the breeding of V. volvacea.

  Study on Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation System of Ramie Leaves Chen Jianrong,, Guo Qingquan, Zhang Xuewen, Chen Jie 2005, 21 (6):  63-63.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 1177585KB )   ( 676 ) A regeneration system of Ramie leaves have been set up. The concentration of Kan has been ensured as 25 mg/L, to screen the transformed and non-transformed plant. After studied the affect of different conditions, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of Ramie leaves have been set up.

  Quantity Analysis on High Molecular Weight Gluteim Subunit loci and Quality Traits of wheat varieties in Huang-Huai Region Gao Xiang, Dong Jian, Zhang Gaisheng, Lei Ling, Tong Shengli 2005, 21 (6):  67-67.  Abstract + ( 1794 )   PDF ( 1116367KB )   ( 603 ) The high molecular weight glutein subunits (HMW-GS), the HMW-GS’ composition and the relationship with protein content and sedimentation value of 77 wheat varieties in Huang-Huai region were studied by means of regression, correlation and path analysis. The results showed that the regression and path effects of the three loci in Glu-1 on protein content and sedimentation value would be represented as: Glu-D1＞Glu-B1＞Glu-A1. The co-relation of Glu-D1、Glu-B1, and protein contend and sedimentation value was significant. The subunit effects of the three loci in Glu-1 on protein content and sedimentation value were as 1＞2*＞Null，14+15＞7+8＞17+18＞7，5+10＞2+12＞4+10. The protein content and sedimentation value were predicted by the regressive analysis on the HMW-GS` composition, the reliability of the predicted results was significant.

  The Performance of Characteristics of Tolerance to Photooxidation and Its Relationship with Stability of Grain Quality of Rice in Early and Late Seasons Chen Dongmei, Xiao Meixiu, Liang Yiyuan, Guo Yuchun, Liang KangJing, Lin Wenxiong 2005, 21 (6):  71-71.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   PDF ( 1181997KB )   ( 527 ) Nine rice varieties with different characteristics of tolerance to photooxidation and grain quality were used to study on the performance of tolerance to photooxidation and grain quality and as well as their interaction in this experiment. The result indicated that there was not remarkable correlation between characteristics of tolerance to photooxidation and rice quality, but significantly correlation between characteristics of tolerance to photooxidation and stability of grain quality such as chalky and its rice rate, milled rice rate, head milled rice rate, worn rice rate and amylose content in early and late seasons, showing the higher tolerance to photooxidation the better stability of rice quality in early and late seasons.

  Progress in Heading Date Genes of Rice Dong Chunlin, Sun Yeying, Deng Xiaojian 2005, 21 (6):  75-75.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 1205557KB )   ( 1087 ) Heading date is one of the important agronomic traits of rice. It is crucial for rice to adapt to different cultivation areas and cropping seasons. Recently，great advances have been made in the identification，mapping，cloning and action mechanism of heading date genes，especial QTL in rice. Several aspects involved in heading date are reviewed in this paper, they include ①gene location ②quantitative trait locus(QTL), gene interaction and equipotential relation with dominant gene ③gene cloning ④molecular mechanism of rice blooming. These results provide meaningful information for studying of heading date of cereal plants.

  Resistance and RAPD Analysis of Two Variant Lines with Resistant to Scab in Wheat Zhang Xiaohong, Chen Yaofeng, Ren Huili, Min Donghong 2005, 21 (6):  79-79.  Abstract + ( 1492 )   PDF ( 1183759KB )   ( 540 ) Two variant lines with resistant to scab in wheat，Qk-02 and Hk-04，were selected through multi-setp selection under treatment of the wheat scab pathogenic crude toxin in vitro culture of young embryo. Resistance to scab and agronomic traits of two variant lines were campared with that of their donors .The results showed that resistance to scab of two variant lines were improved obviously and integral traits were similar to that of their parents respectively.，although several agronomic traits have been changed. For verifing the variation, 524 random primers were used to amplify DNA from variant lines，their donors and Sumai 3. The results were as follows：①11 primers showed amplified product polymorphism in QK-02 variant line and its parent Xinong 1376, variation rate was 2.1%. Among them, two polymorphic DNA makers (S3471220、S3751360)were observed in Sumai 3；②15 primers showed amplified product polymorphism in HK-04 variant line and its parent Huayu 888，variation rate was 2.86%，one polymorphic DNA maker （S149620）was observed in Sumai 3，which reached the conclusion that variant lines of resistance to scab took place changes at the DNA level，and three RAPD makers（S3471220, S3751360, S149620）were related to scab resistance.

  Production and Characterization of Anti-estradiol Monoclonal Antibody Dai Xiaohua,, Wu Guojuan, Shen Hong, Zhao Xiaomeng, Lu Yan, 2005, 21 (6):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 1551 )   PDF ( 1136638KB )   ( 799 ) Estradiol (E2) was bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form a complete antigen (E2-BSA), after the hydroxy (-OH) at the position of C3 was activated. A BALB/c mouse was immunized with the mixture of E2-BSA and Freund adjuvant. Monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma anti-E2 was prepared by fusion of SP2/0 murine myeloma cells with spleen cell isolated from the immunized mouse. A monoclonal antibody (McAb) specific for E2 was produced in vivo by the hybridoma anti-E2. Analysis revealed that anti-E2 McAb (E2-McAb) was of the IgG2a type, with the molecular weight179000 daltons. The titer of E2-McAb was 1:106, and the affinity constant of constant of E2-McAb was 2.9×108L/mol.

  Efficient Regeneration from Peduncle Segments of Brassica napus L. Han Dejun, Cao Li, Yuan Benwei, Chen Yaofeng, Li Zhenqi 2005, 21 (6):  86-86.  Abstract + ( 1513 )   PDF ( 1106070KB )   ( 650 ) Excised peduncle segments of three Brassica napus L. cultivars were used to optimize conditions for high-frequency shoot regeneration. The presence of 2,4-D(0.5~1.0 mg/L) in pre-cultured medium markedly enhanced the subsequent frequency of responding explants and the number of shoots/responding explant. The use of AgNO3 was a prerequisite for efficient shoot regeneration due to it strongly increased morphogenesis and decrease the frequency of explants death. BA (2.5mg/L) in combination with a low concentration of NAA(0.1mg/L) gave optimum shoot bud differentiation. The regenerated shoots could be rooted at a frequency of 95%.

  Effect of Medium Acidity on Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Growing in Vitro Lan Yanping, Gu Wanchun, Zhou Liandi, Li Shuying, Cao Qingchang 2005, 21 (6):  89-89.  Abstract + ( 1588 )   PDF ( 1029982KB )   ( 499 ) Micropropagated Gleditsia sinensis was found to decrease the pH of Murashige and Skoog’s plant tissue culture medium (initial pH 3.5 or 5.8) to different values depending on the numbers of plants per tub. The difference was found in the rate of differentiation after plants had been grown on medium initially adjusted or buffered to values 3.5 or 5.8.

  A Key Technological Study on Tissue Culture of AcanThopanax Senticosus for Medicine Bei Lixia, Chen Xiangmei, Zhao Haihong 2005, 21 (6):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1426 )   PDF ( 1094213KB )   ( 670 ) Acanthopanax senticosus(Rupr Emaxim) Harms is a kind of defoliated shrub which belongs to Araliaceae Eleutherococcus. In recent years many kinds of julibrissins are isolated from the roots and leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus. Chemical pharmacology research shows that Acanthopanax senticosus is a kind of extremely precious medicine resources, and its functions include antitumor, resist fatigue, anti-ageing, at the same time, it can protect cardiovascular effectively, and improve immunity of human body. With the development of modern medicine studying rapidly, the demands for the plant for medinice increase day by day, so that the domestic and international experts pay more and more attention to Acanthopanax senticosus and its applications. Offering of medicines clinically depends on drawing from the roots and stems of Acanthopanax senticosus mainly; this makes it close to extinction. The imbalance between supply and demand of market is conspicuous, and products of the plant can't meet demands of research of the antineoplastic. Technology on tissue culture and rapid propagation of Acanthopanax senticosus can breed out a large number of nursery stocks as fine individuals. As xylophyta, it is very difficult for rooting induction, so the key about tissue culture is how to improve rooting rate, and this need remain to study further. It is demonstrated by the experiment that callus shoot and rooting induction of Acanthopanax senticosus are influenced by different hormone combinations of culture media. BZ+NAA3.0+6-Ba2.0 is the favorable medium for differentiation of Acanthopanax senticosus tissue culture, and BZ+IBA0.2 is the one for rooting. Differentiation ability of Acanthopanax senticosus callus is influenced by the type of explants and holding time of suspension culture mainly. Differentiation ability of Acanthopanax senticosus callus that is obtained from leaves is the best. After 30 days for suspension culture, differentiation rate of callus get to 73.62%, and differentiation coefficient of regeneration bud is 7.5. Differentiation ability of Acanthopanax senticosus callus reduces with extension of suspension holding time of it.

  The Research of the Biological Activities on he Different Peganum Harmala Extraction For the Seeds Germination Velocity and Growth Rate of wheat and Corn Zhao Xiaomeng，Liu Yueping，Zeng Zhaohai 2005, 21 (6):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 1676 )   PDF ( 1059411KB )   ( 669 ) The seeds of wheat and corn were treated by the water ethanol , or chloroform soluble substance extracted from pegamum harmla .The biological activities of the extractions were measured according to the seeds germination velocity and growth rate. The growth rate of the seeds treated by the three extractions were all improved. The best extraction to increase the growth rate of wheat was the extraction from water and ethanol. The growth rate of wheat treated by the extraction from ethanol was 91.03% for the root system,and 23.02% for the leaves, The growth rate was 68.99% for the root system and 17.04%for the leaves when wheat was treated by the extraction from water. For corn, the best extraction to improve the growth rate came from ethanol and chloroform. The growth rate of corn treated by the extraction from chloroform was 35.36% for the root system and 28.48% for leaves. It was 27.94% for the root system and 30.88% for the leaves when corn was treated by the extraction from ethanol. The correlations of the extractions to the germination of seeds are attributed to the chemical characteristic, concentration of the extractions, and time of germination. The extraction from ethanol inhibited germination of seeds more intensively than the extraction from water and chloroform. Low concentration extractions from water and chloroform generally did not show the inhibitory effect on the germination of seeds. However, high concentration extractions from water and chloroform showed variable degree of inhibitory effect and the inhibitory effect disappeared with the time of germination increase.

  Advance of Research of in vitro Culture and Colecular Biology of Ephedra Sinica Stapf Wu Lingling 2005, 21 (6):  97-97.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 1136742KB )   ( 648 ) Summarized the Ephedra sinica Stapf tissue culture and advance research of molecular biology from organ regeneration of Ephedra sinica Stapf tissue culture, callus inducing and differentiation, cell suspending culture, female-gamete in vitro culture of Ephedra sinica Stapf and haploid plantlet regeneration, developing-anatomy of callus re-differentiation and molecular biology, et al. At the same time of researching the increasing the multiplication coefficient, should pay more attention to the inter-process-study from test-tube-plantlet to field plant, to realize the factory-producing plantlet, to solve the problem of being short of scale manning-cultivation species. To establish the stable theory bases of choiceness gene induced, expression and breeding of high yield and high ephedrine content through series research the molecular biology.

  Virus Removal and Rapid Propagation of Miwen Zingiberofficinale Rosc Liu Wenping 2005, 21 (6):  100-100.  Abstract + ( 1154 )   PDF ( 991643KB )   ( 521 ) Virus diseases cause the reduction in the yield and quality of Zingiber officinale cv.miwen.Through de-virus and repid propagation by stem apices tissue cuiture,the plantlets were gotten successfully free from virus,with hope to improve rts yield and quality.Stemtip medium is MS+6-BA1.0~3.0 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L，Medium used for producing rosette buds is MS+2.0-4.0 mg/L. Rooting medium is 1/2MS.

  A Study of Limonium sinuatum Tissue Culture Wang Jiafu, Qi Yongxin 2005, 21 (6):  102-102.  Abstract + ( 1164 )   PDF ( 1325128KB )   ( 692 ) Using the young inflorescence as material, tissue culture of L.sinuatum was studied. The results showed that the contamination can be effectively controlled on the initiated medium containing 20mg/L sodium benzoate. The most suitable medium for bud multiplication was MS+BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L+ sucrose 3%, adding 0.5 mg/LGA3 alternately .The optimal medium for rooting was 1/2MS+NAA0.4 mg/L+ sucrose 2%.

  Study Progress in Development of Endosperm in Maize Wang Xiaoyan, Gao Rongqi, Dong Shuting 2005, 21 (6):  107-107.  Abstract + ( 1504 )   PDF ( 1104093KB )   ( 2701 ) Endosperm represents a renewable,biodegradable source of materials,information from the study of endosperm could provide a basis for developing more efficient approaches for plant improvement and use.We have chosen to summarize some of the research that has been done in maize,making note of comprehensive reviews and pointing out important questions that remain open to scientific inquiry.

  The Change of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd on Postharvest Quality among Different Storage Environment Chen Guogang, Wang Zhenli, Tong Junmao 2005, 21 (6):  110-110.  Abstract + ( 2007 )   PDF ( 1090196KB )   ( 483 ) The quality of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd was measured among different storage environment. The best store parameter were: -1~0℃, 2%~4%O2, 0.06%~2%CO2, 90%~95% humidity.

  Effect of Storage on Starch Structure and Content in Rice Grain Xu Min, Cheng Wangda, Cai Xinhua, Wang Yanlin 2005, 21 (6):  113-113.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   PDF ( 1083405KB )   ( 1651 ) The effects of storage on starch structure and content in rice grain were reviewed in current article. The structure and content of rice grain starch was analyzed, and the change in amylase and amylopectin content and structure of rice grains was discussed during storage. Finally, it is suggested that the study on content and structure in amylopectin and infusibility amylase would benefit to a better understanding in the effect of storage on the starch characteristics and rice grain quality.

  Analysis and Evaluation on the Pollution of Irrigated Water in Exporting Vegetable Production Area in Guangdong province Jiang Jinhua, XieJunXian, Luo Zijuan, Liu Jianghui, WuMutao, XieXiangna 2005, 21 (6):  116-116.  Abstract + ( 1292 )   PDF ( 1118258KB )   ( 571 ) Analysis for the pollutant in irrigated water and its evaluation of 85 exporting vegetable field in Guangdong province were studied. The results showed that each pollutant content in irrigated water was all below the levels adopted here. The analysis of integrative polluted indexes indicated that except No. 78 sample which between 0.5~1.0 with yet clean integrative quality, the other integrative polluted indexes were all less than 0.5. The irrigated water quality was first level, safe and clean, according with requirements of irrigated water environment for harmless vegetable fields.

  Effect of CAS on the quality of longan fruits Wang Zejin,,Lin Qixun,, Su Daqing, Cheng Xinghuang,,Huang Jinzhi,,Tong Jinhua 2005, 21 (6):  120-120.  Abstract + ( 1615 )   PDF ( 1355650KB )   ( 773 ) To improve the freshness of longan fruits, ISOLCELL ITALIA S.P.A was used to control the storage temperature, humidity and gas composition on this study. Conventiaral storage condition was used as control for comparison. Changes in quality nutrition and physico-chemical indices of longan fruits during storage was analyzed. The result showed that the controlled atmosphere storage (CAS), by decreasing O2 content and increasing CO2 concentration, reduced the respiration rate and slowed and the quality deterioration in storage of the longan fruits.

  Quality Influence After the Antistaling Agent is Adopted to the HaMi Muskmelon in the Modified Atmosphere Storage Zhang Hui,Feng Zuoshang,Zhu Zhenglan 2005, 21 (6):  125-125.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 1160411KB )   ( 633 ) This text has studied the antistaling agent Amistai Dip under normal atmospheric temperature terms, density with membrane to the HaMi Melon quality influence after adopting in the Modified atmosphere storage technology. Through breathing the speed in preserving the HaMi Melon vitamin C content, candy sour content, etc. every physiological survey of index is it probe into the antistaling agent physiology influence to the HaMi Melon aging course to come, prove it keep fresh quality of the result. Use the antistaling agent Amistai Dip, and pack with PE plastic wrap from behind the preservation of 30 days, preserving the result indicates: Amistai Dip can suppress breathing of the HaMi Melon ,candy,sour,vitamin C a lengthening the life-span of the HaMi muskmelon, it is old and feeble to delay it,keep up quality of HaMi Melon after adopting.

  Study on the Contents and Stability of Ascorbic acid and Dehydroascorbic Acid in Different Fruits Xiong Weidong, Hao Lihua, Hao Yaqin, Nan Haijuan 2005, 21 (6):  129-129.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 1134791KB )   ( 704 ) Contents and stability to air and heat treatment of Ascorbic acid(AA) and Dehydroascorbic acid(DHA) in different common fruits was systematically studied in this paper. The results indicated that different fruits have different AA and DHA contents. Except Chinese dates, the relationship of AA and DHA in the total VC forms a positive one, that is, the richer AA is, and the higher DHA in total VC. AA content of fruits distinctly increases after crushing, while DHA is opposite. Heating time has remarkable effect on fruit’s AA, while heating temperature has different effect on different fruits. Different fruits’ DHA has various response to heating time and temperature.

  NAA’s Effect on Relieving Senescence of Cold Stored Pears Liu Zhaolong,, Zhang Shaoling 2005, 21 (6):  133-133.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 1170517KB )   ( 671 ) After pears are picked off fruit trees, they are stored in low temperature. With the advance of time, they can be getting senescent. NAA liquids of different chroma are used to deal with the fruit. The result shows that 5mg/L of NAA liquid can relatively increase the content of their high protein, ASA and GSH, decrease the content of MDA and O2- generation rate, and restrict the reduction of activity of SOD, CAT and POD. It is initially confirmed that using 5mg/L of NAA liquid to dispose the pears can relieve their senescence.

  The Study on Vegetable Storage Technology with High Profit Potentials Wang Fudong, Zheng Shufang, Gao Lipu 2005, 21 (6):  137-137.  Abstract + ( 1664 )   PDF ( 1290262KB )   ( 683 ) After extensive pilot experiments on storage of red cabbage, pumpkin and Florence Fennel, the condition of 5℃ and RH 75% had been established as the commercial storage technique. The best storage time for red cabbage was no longer than 42 days; while the shelf life for Florence Fennel and pumpkin was 20~30 days at 0℃ and 60 days at 5℃ respectively; the storage time for pumpkin could be extended to 180 days at 10℃. The storage to a reasonable extent would both make profit increment and supply out-season market available.

  Discussion on the Importance of Highland Barley Production from Tibetan Compatriot the Food Construction Variety Gou Anchun, Li Liang, Guo Chunhua 2005, 21 (6):  142-142.  Abstract + ( 1170 )   PDF ( 1272279KB )   ( 635 ) This text passes to Tibetan compatriot now the food habit change with the highland barley analysis of producing the present condition, knowing the current the risk that highland barley produce with the importance, the counter plan measure that putting forward should adopt.

  Determination of Parathion-methyl in cucumber by ELISA Han Lijun, Qian Chuanfan, Li Wenming, Jiang Shuren, Wang Xiaoru 2005, 21 (6):  146-146.  Abstract + ( 1464 )   PDF ( 1221780KB )   ( 620 ) Using the self-made poly-clonal antibody, the affect of the ion-strength and the methanol concentration to the competitive reaction were investigated, and the reaction system was optimized. An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of parathion-methyl in cucumber was developed. The results showed that the concentration of parathion-methyl that inhibits 50% of antibody-antigen binding（I50）was 0.13 mg/L, the detection limit I20 was 6.7 μg/L. Most analogues showed negligible cross-reactivity except for fenthion and fenitrothion. Cucumber samples were detected with ELISA and GC after simple pre-procession. The fortified recovery of ELISA were 83.10%~93.46%，CV were 6.61%~10.36%，the determination limit was 0.003mg/kg. The results of the ELISA were verified by GC method.

  Research on Night Measurement Methods of Leaf Area Feng Dong xia, Shi Shengjin 2005, 21 (6):  150-150.  Abstract + ( 1896 )   PDF ( 1146045KB )   ( 2242 ) In the paper, all kinds of measurement methods for leaf area was introduced in detail, and pointed out the accuracy and application range of every method for selecting the reasonable methods of science and research work. At last, as the development direction of measurement methods for leaf area in China, designing the portable leaf area meter and the soft of leaf area image processing were brought out.

  Determined Methods of Chlorophyll from Maize Li Dexiao, Guo Yuexia, Yun Haiyan, Zhang Min, Gong Xiaoyan, Mu Fang 2005, 21 (6):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 6255 )   PDF ( 1197488KB )   ( 5232 ) The absorption spectrums and extraction efficiencies of chlorophyll from maize seedling after frozen treatment were compared on six determined methods using different organic solvents. The results showed that the absorption spectrums of five solutions were identical with that of acetone solution, so Arnon’s formula of chlorophyll was suitable for other methods. In house temperature, soaking methods were better than Arnon method. The extraction efficiencies of chlorophyll using mixture solution better than using acetone or ethanol alone, methods of acetone mixed ethanol were preferable for fast extraction and stability. Soaking methods in 50℃ after frozen treatment could accelerate extraction of chlorophyll, but also speed up degradation of chlorophyll, so light screening was necessary.

  Investigation on and Analysis of Alien Invasions in Chinese Farming Industry Li Shuncai, Xu Xingyou, Du Liqiang, Yin Xiuling, Meng Xiandong, Xie Jingyao 2005, 21 (6):  156-156.  Abstract + ( 1476 )   PDF ( 1300365KB )   ( 754 ) It is necessary to launch an investigation on alien invasions in Chinese farming industry. Data on classification, origin, pathway and impacts of alien invasive were analyzed, based on literature research, field survey and consultation. 40 alien invasive species have been identified in Chinese farming industry. The number of species of alien invasive Aquatic plant, Terrestrial plant, Invertebrate, Vertebrate were 5, 10, 3, 22. The number of alien invasive species originating form America, Europe, Africa, Asia and difference ecological distribution in China were 22, 3, 6, 3, 6. Blind intentional introduction is the main pathway of alien invasion. Alien invasion has caused serious impacts on biodiversity, people’s health and economy. According to the cause of Alien invasions, some important control measures should be carried out in order to ensure the development of Chinese farming industry.

  Construction of City Forest at Loess Hilly-gully Region —— A Land Evaluation Case Study of Yan’an City Kang Bowen, Hou Lin, Lin Jianjun, Wang Dexiang, Xia Wenhui 2005, 21 (6):  160-160.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 1293983KB )   ( 569 ) The construction development of city forest on loess plateau hilly and gully area at Yan’an city was analyzed. Three forestation ecological circles should be established from urban center to suburb based on the different of social function, artificial activity influence, ecosystem term etc. among city center, suburb and village. The first one is anti-fouling, turning air and city beautified ecological circle. The second one is suburb beautified, protection and agricultural fruit production circle. The third one is the self-control suburb of source of water, water and soil conservation and the protection of dust storm, forest fruit production forest ecological circle.

  The Influence of Quercetin on the Growth and Skeletal development of Xenopus laevis Cong Lin,, Qin Zhanfen, Jiang Xiangning, Zhou Jingming, Yang Lei,, Xu Xiaobai 2005, 21 (6):  164-164.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 1117290KB )   ( 559 ) In this study, we examined effects of phytoestrogen quercetin on the growth and skeletal development using amphibian Xenopus laevis as model animals. X. laevis were exposed to quercetin (50μg/L, 100μg/L, 200μg/L) from stage 46/47 to one month postmetamorphosis. The results showed that quercetin promoted body weigh gain and induced tail malformations. Exposure of 200μg/L quercetin caused vertebral malformations, which exhibited loss of a vertebra compared to the normal.

  Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Upland and Lowland Rice Yuan Juhong, Tu Naimei, Hu Mianhao, Yang Zaiqiang 2005, 21 (6):  167-167.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 1227895KB )   ( 632 ) Eleven typical indexes have been selected from yield characters, morphological and physiological and biochemical properties. Upland/lowland relative values of all indexes and their weights have been applied to evaluate the drought resistance of upland and lowland rice. The result of comprehensive evaluation showed that the highest was TANGARA (4.06), significantly higher than the other varieties. IAPAR9 was the second (3.33), which higher than that of XinXiangYou80 (3.21), the lowest was R80(2.59). Thus the upland rice TANGARA has stronger drought resistance, the drought resistance of IAPAR9 was stronger than that of XinXiangYou80, and R80 was poorest. The result was coincident with the field performance. So, the comprehensive evaluation has more objective and definite.

  Breeding of High Yield and Water Saving Winter Wheat New Variety Heng7228 Qiao Wenchen, Chen Xiumin, Sun Shuluan, Meng Xianghai, Wei Jianwei, Yang Jianzhong, Li wei 2005, 21 (6):  171-171.  Abstract + ( 1685 )   PDF ( 1001901KB )   ( 527 ) The winter wheat variety-heng7228 was bred by the dry land Farming Research institute, dry land farming research institute of Hebei academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. During the process, there are many advancing methods has been used, including the method of alternation selection in water land and dry land, the method of appraisement in other lands, etc. Heng7228 has the characters of high field, water saving and very good resistances. It is a very good variety for the Huanghuai wheat area.

  Study on Paradigm Effect of Seedling Production with Plastic Trays and Seedbed with Water in the Flue-cured Tobacco Field Ma Jingmin, Ma Guohua, Li Zhang, Wang Hong, Zhou Junxue 2005, 21 (6):  173-173.  Abstract + ( 1712 )   PDF ( 1105848KB )   ( 595 ) The quality, growth and development conditions of flue-cured tobacco seedlings prepared by plastic trays and seedbed with water or by conventional measures were analyzed, and the yield and quality of tobacco was compared. The result showed that quality of seedlings prepared by plastic trays and seedbed with water is better than that of conventional measures. After transplantation to the fields, the former seedlings grow faster, and the former botanical characters were better than that of the conventional seedlings. Measure had apparent effect on upper leaves, with about 2 additional leaves in yield. The seedlings of plastic trays and seedbed with water were obviously resistant to mosaic disease and field growth period were prolonged, so it was good for dry material formation and accumulation of leaves. Other indexes like yield, production value, price and promotion of high-rate tobacco leaves were all higher than that of conventional seedlings. The increase of production value and high-rate tobacco leaves were most drastic, and increased 25.52% and 24.15% respectively.

  Study on Stress Tolerance of Lowland and Upland Rice Varieties in Hebei Province Zhang Qixing, Wang Yongxin, Zhang Xiuhe 2005, 21 (6):  176-176.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 1060792KB )   ( 619 ) The distribution of lowland and upland rice varieties in Hebei Province tolerance to cold, drought and salt was analyzed on the basis of stress tolerance identification, and the detailed study on cold tolerance and drought tolerance which showed higher tolerant frequency was conducted in lowland and upland rice, maturity, rice growing region etc. The result showed that the cold tolerant and drought tolerant varieties had higher frequency and strength, the cold tolerant varieties was up to 86.44%, high tolerant rate was 23.53%, the drought tolerant varieties was 48.77%, high tolerant rate was 31.65%, the salt tolerant varieties was only 6.46%, no varieties showed high tolerance and tolerance. The frequency of cold tolerant varieties in lowland rice was higher than that in upland rice, and the frequency in different maturity types was close to each other, and the frequency increased with the increase of latitude, westward of longitude and decrease of temperature. The frequency and strength of drought tolerant varieties in upland rice were all higher than in lowland rice, early season rice with early maturity had the highest tolerant frequency, other maturity types were relatively close to each other, the northeast region of Hebei was high, the northwest and central region of reservoirs and shallow lakes was low.

  Progress of Research on Potato Molecular Breeding for Qualities Sheng Wanmin, Wang Lichun, Li Fengyun, Niu Zhimin 2005, 21 (6):  179-179.  Abstract + ( 1667 )   PDF ( 1243311KB )   ( 722 ) This paper briefly introduces the current research and development of potato molecular breeding for qualities. In the mean time, the present problems of the molecular marker research and gene technologies are being discussed. And the future development of potato molecular breeding technologies is also prospected.

  Inheritance of Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat Variety Shaannong 78 Yang Jinrong, Wang Chengshe, Gao Jinyu 2005, 21 (6):  183-183.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 980951KB )   ( 581 ) Shaannong78, a wheat variety with stripe rust resistance, was crossed with susceptible cultivar Mingxian169 as the female. The F1 progeny was self-mated to produce F2 progeny and backcrossed with Mingxian169 to produce BC1 progeny. In air-conditioned greenhouse，seedlings of the F1, F2, BC1 progenies and their parents were inoculated with the prevalent races CY31 and CY32 of Puccinia striiformis respectively. The phenotypes of the F1, F2, and BC1 plants were analyzed for resistance to two races Results showed that Shaannong78 has one recessive gene for resistance to race CY31 and two recessive genes for resistance by complementary action to race CY32.

  Studies on the Optimum Cultivation Technicion Measurements For Higher Yield of Winter Wheat in High Productivity Field Liu Zhengxue, Liu Fei, Li Baoqiang, Wang Jing, Zhu Xinliang, Wang Guixiang 2005, 21 (6):  185-185.  Abstract + ( 1925 )   PDF ( 1089467KB )   ( 571 ) The study on the interrelationships among the 5 factors of cultivating measurements (base N-fertilizer, supplementary N-fertilizer, P-fertilizer, K-fertilizer, seeding density) and output in winter wheat Lin-Mai 2 by applying the design of perpendicularity rotational combination in High Productivity Field. The results showed that The yield mathematical model establish by means of adjusting optimization together with analysis, Defining the key divisors and synthetical agronomy measurements that the winter wheat yields of Lin-Mai 2 to growing that high production high efficiency optimizes, good means forms a complete system in the interest of the improved variety in High Productivity Field. The results showed that applying more N-fertilizer and P-fertilizer were the key measurements in the So-called optimum cultivation of winter wheat Lin-Mai 2. It also showed that more P-fertilizer applied made N-fertilizer more effective. The optimum cultivation measurements of winter wheat Lin-Mai 2 for high output high economic benefit were fundamental seeding 181.8 to 229.2 ten thousand per hm2, base N-fertilizer 121.95 to 141.3 kg/hm2, P-fertilizer 195 kg/hm2, K-fertilizer 33.75 to 60.75 kg/hm2 and chase N-fertilizer 71.7 to 83.7kg/hm2 in leave stage.

  Breeding and Cultivation Technique of New Winter Wheat Variety—Linmai No.2 Liu Zhengxue, Liu Fei, Li Baoqiang, Wang Jing, Zhu Xinliang, Wang Guixiang 2005, 21 (6):  188-188.  Abstract + ( 1375 )   PDF ( 980807KB )   ( 518 ) Selecting Association by Using Crossbreeding in Linyi Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong, Linyi, After Many Years the Genealogy Chooses, Succeeded Rearing the Super High Production New Winter Wheat Variety—Linmai No.2, Expressing Outstanding after Shandong Series Beforehand Tests, District Tests and Factory Tests, Expressing Stable Yields, High Yields and Disease-resistant in the Great Area Popularization Process, Have the Wide Application Foreground.

  Pteliminary Study on Result of Spring Sowing in Winter Wheat or Spring Wheat in YuXi Area Ji Tianhui, Yang Ziguang, Zhou Yingjun, Pei Lamei, Guo Junwei, Meng Limei, Ma Wen 2005, 21 (6):  190-190.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 1109826KB )   ( 481 ) Based on wheat plant alteration,we observed and analysised winter wheat planted in spring and spring wheat introduced in Yuxi area.The results indicated that:Yumai 18 had lower yiede that planted before middle February or those sprouts had just come up in the first ten days of March.spring wheat yiede were higher than winter wheat,s sowing at the same time ,but we should choice the wheat varieties ,are matured early ,grain-filling quickly and resistanted to high temperature in laster period,ang paid attention to sowing in time and increasing grain weight per spike.

  Study on Difference of Grain Weight Distribution in Two-line Supper-hybrid Rice Kuang Fengchun, Zeng Ke, Xiao Langtao，Ding junhui, Li Hesong 2005, 21 (6):  193-193.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 976009KB )   ( 588 ) Field rice culture experiments were conducted to study the distribution of the average grain weight within different parts of panicle of two-line supper-hybrid rice (peiliangyou E32 and peiliangyou 500) in this paper. The results show that the distribution of average grain weight of different panicle parts is normal distribution, the variance’s homogeneity among parts, however, varies with the grain-filling characteristic of the variety. Very significant difference of average grain weight among parts of panicle is also found.

  Study on High Yield Techniques of Green Asparagus Bean Xue Xuchu, Yao Yongru, Wang Yuhong 2005, 21 (6):  195-195.  Abstract + ( 1062 )   PDF ( 998355KB )   ( 519 ) Top-pitching and bud picking are favorable to Green Asparagus Bean based on the it’s living habit and our experimental research. And spraying 2.5% Dishasi emulsion in 2500 times against Maruca testulalis Geyer is effective and safe.

  The Rearch of Rice Sterile-type Chilling Injury and Irrigation Technique Meng Zhaohe, Wang Yuju, Sun Zhongsheng, Meng Qiaoxia, Liu Yongwei, Li Chunguang, Zhang Jinglong 2005, 21 (6):  197-197.  Abstract + ( 1236 )   PDF ( 1307647KB )   ( 653 ) Heilongjiang province lies in cold region the chilling injure of rice is occur often. This article introduced the befall process of sterile-type chilling injure, characteristics, mechanism and the irrigation technique to decrease the chilling injure, especially about the effect of deep irrigation technique. It showed that should irritate the layer of water of above 17cm in rice boot stage, when run into low temperature cold to suffer from, it named rice being cold to hurt sensitive issue, and irrigation with 10cm of water that can play a role in protecting too. The result will be better if we combine the two kinds of methods.

  Study of Feeding Maize shaandan 8806 on Planting Density Lu Haidong, Xue Jiquan, Ma Guosheng 2005, 21 (6):  202-202.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   PDF ( 963881KB )   ( 486 ) Through setting four density of 37500, 48000, 58500 and 69000 plants/hm2 in feeding maize shaandan 8806, it is founded that the feasible planting density of shaandan 8806 is 63000 plants/hm2. The reasonable leaf area index is about 5.6 during spin stage. Under the density, the Net assimilation rate can reached 14.3 g/(d.m2) during jointing to mature.

  Study on Densities of Transplantation of Rice under Water Controlling Irrigation Technology in Yinchuan Irrigated Area Ma Xiaohong, 2005, 21 (6):  204-204.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 1106139KB )   ( 455 ) After the treatment of different densities of transplantation when use irrigation control technology, the results are as follows: transplanting standard is 30㎝×13㎝, 3 plants per cave, that is to say ,when the densities of transplantation is 76.5 thousand plants per ha, the light penetration of the population and the leaf area indes are the best , that is the best density when use irrigation control technology in Yinchuan irrigated area.

  Analyses of Particular Characters of Konjaku Plasm in Yunnan Plateau Cun Xiangqin, Zhao Qingyun, Li Yadong, Xie Shiqing 2005, 21 (6):  207-207.  Abstract + ( 1299 )   PDF ( 1326493KB )   ( 498 ) This paper deals with the properties of particular Konjaku grown in the Yunnan plateau. The analyses were taken including underground and on the ground parts in 2003. Moreover, its productivity, the contents of chlorophyll and the speed of photosynthesis were also analyzed. The result showed that the output of Yongping corlored konjaku was the highest yield for 94452kg/hm2 in similar group. The output of white konjaku-14 was the highest yield for 57782.4 kg/hm2 in white group. While the outputs varied greatly in the wild konjaku group. Quality varieties of colored and white konjaku could be extension and applied on the konjaku production area in Yunnan province after numerous trials in different area through the whole province.

  Breeding and Utilization of Superrior-Quality, High and Yield rice Variety Kenyou2000 Feng Ruiguang, Meng Lingqi, Ning Wenshu 2005, 21 (6):  213-213.  Abstract + ( 1295 )   PDF ( 1007358KB )   ( 466 ) Kenyou2000,a new rice variety was obtained by crossing hybrid fromm key parental material jingyue 1 and two rice varieties with complementary character,vsing the pedigree method of breeding.Jingyue 1 was one of the first batch good-quality rice variety in our country .The kenyou2000 maintained not only good type of plant and high-yielding characters of rice varieties in our province,but also improved grain quality.It is suitable to be sown in the single-harvest rice growing areas.In the east and middle region of HeBei province.The key of high-yielding cultivation is sowing and trabsplanting earlier,regulating reasonable population size,in the meantime,fertilizer and irrgation water at the later stage should be adapt to population size.

  The Problems in Renovation of Peanut Varieties in Henan Province and its solutions Zhang Baoling, He Yancheng, Li Weifeng, Ma Xue’en 2005, 21 (6):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1653 )   PDF ( 1000519KB )   ( 623 ) This paper expounded 6 renovations in peanut production in Henan since liberation and analyzed problems in peanut production. This paper also gave out corresponding suggestions to support the development of peanut production in Henan province.

  Studies on Chief Agronomy Characteristics and Kernel Nutrient Component of Waxy-grained Maize Hybrids Yu Lizhi, Yu Shouneng, Zou Jihua, Tang Guomin, Yu Liyun, Wang Yuying 2005, 21 (6):  217-217.  Abstract + ( 1588 )   PDF ( 1071388KB )   ( 612 ) Comparing analysis on the main agronomic characters and nutrients content in grains of different kinds of waxy-grained maize hybrids were made according to data from regional tests. The results showed that the dominant species of hybrid in ripe were those charactering with mean height and early- or medium-maturing; the medium types dominated the spikes and grains; and the significant difference lied in the yielding of fresh spikes and dried grains. Different changes in nutrients content of grains of different types had been determined during optimum gathering and maturing stages. The content of protein, coarse cellulose, soluble sugar in grains at the stage of maturing were decreased comparing with the stage of optimum gathering but the content of total starch and coarse fat increased in reverse. The significant difference still lied in the thickness of grain peels.

  Study on Water Deficit and Breeding for Drought Resistance in Rice (Oryza sativa L. ) Chen Ronglin, Liang Yunbo, Liu Ya 2005, 21 (6):  220-220.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   PDF ( 1165808KB )   ( 940 ) Most areas of the world frequently experience severe water deficit due to uncertain and uneven rainfall distribution patterns. The paddy rice as one of main crops (rice, wheat, maize etc.) requires more water than other crops, which is very important especially encountering the drought. The drought disaster of rice was elucidated in Guangxi, China. There is an effective method that developing rice breeding for drought resistance in addition to rational irrigation and Water-Saving Agriculture. The paper shows the mechanisms relevant to rice for tolerance to drought and some work about drought breeding in rice at present.

  Present Situations and Prospects for the Effects of Chemical Regulationon Physiobiochemical Base in Rice Grain Quality Zhao Quanzhi, Lv Qiang, Xiong Ying, Ma Yi 2005, 21 (6):  223-223.  Abstract + ( 1279 )   PDF ( 1233046KB )   ( 650 ) The physiobiochemical base of rice grain quality forming and the recent useful advances of its chemical regulation in practice are outlined. The carbon and nitrogen motabolism and its enzyme activities, grain-filling, dry matter production and partion, photosynthesis were emphatically analyzed. When the problems existed in rice grain quality chemical regulation are discussed, the new research conterns and methods are put forward. They mainly included:(1)Using the system point, the regularity of rice grain quality forming are likely disclosed at all by studying based on“source-sink-bleeding” three sides including photosynthesis production、grain-filling、matter transportation etc. (2)Many character indexes of rice grain quality are probably improved by studying based on compound prescription of PGRS and coordination-confrontation action of different hormones in research practice.

  Influence under Low P-Deficient Stress on Endo Genous Hormone and Root Activities of Dark Sun-Cured Tobacco Fu Yunpeng, YangYan, Xue Jianpo 2005, 21 (6):  227-227.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   PDF ( 1108978KB )   ( 616 ) By using pot tests, the effect of low-P stress on dark sun-cured tobacco endogenous hormone and root activities were studied during different growth stage. The results showed that root activities were decreased, root/shoot ratio and IAA in the root and leaves were high, dry weight and ZR in the root and leaves were low. The high IAA/ZR under P stress promote the root growth, and root /shoot ratio increased. So it can take in more P from soil in to resist unfavorable environment conditions.

  Functions of SOD-POD Activities Drought Resistance on Wheat Qi Xiudong, Sun Haijun , Guo Shouhua 2005, 21 (6):  230-230.  Abstract + ( 1305 )   PDF ( 1118422KB )   ( 793 ) A drought experiment was conducted with three wheat varieties. Different drought resistance of varieties was clarified based on chlorophyll content (Chl), leaf potential, cell permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA), and soil water content (SWC). Direct function of SOD-POD was realized by being analysed relations of drought resistance and SOD-POD. They were not positive related, however possible negative related.

  Effects Analysis of Plant Hormone on Tissue Culture of The Flower of Watch Leaf- Philodenbron scandens Zheng Yaqin 2005, 21 (6):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   PDF ( 986875KB )   ( 597 ) The effects of BA, NAA (two kinds of plant hormone) and the integrative effect of BA and NAA on Philodenbron erubescens tissue culture were studied. The results show that BA and NAA affect the propagation coefficient greatly. The appropriate concentrations are 1.0mg/L and 0.1mg/L respectively, and the suitable concentration of BA to induce Philodenbron erubescens root is 0.1~1.0.mg/L.

  Effect of Variant Chromate and Ferrihydrite on Dissimilatory Fe (III) Reduction in Paddy Soil Mao Hui, Qu Dong, Zhou Lina 2005, 21 (6):  235-235.  Abstract + ( 1313 )   PDF ( 1125575KB )   ( 577 ) Choosing paddy slurry as the specimen of experiment, through the experiment of adding variant Cr (VI), we determined the concentration of extractable Fe (II) and Cr (VI) under the condition of flooded incubation, also discussed the effect of Cr (VI) on iron microbial reduction and discussed competitive relationship between Fe (III) and Cr (VI). The result showed: Below a certain concentration of Cr (VI), Cr join the iron microbial reduction process in paddy slurry and the concentration of Cr (VI) in soil can decreased notable; Beyond this concentration, Cr do harm to the microbe of iron reduction, make the iron microbial reduction process not happen and Cr (VI) can not be reduced in soil.

  The Effects of Rate and Method of Nitrogen Application on Winter Wheat Wang Wenpo, Han Jinling, Zhou Yinfu, Li Yansheng 2005, 21 (6):  238-238.  Abstract + ( 1375 )   PDF ( 1097619KB )   ( 564 ) The experiment was conducted to study the effects of on the agronomic characters and the grain protein content of winter wheat with double factors trial design, and Winter wheat varieties Chao-You 66 as material. The results showed that the optimum combination for high yield was 240kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer and the method that the percentages of base fertilizers, elongation fertilizers and booting fertilizers were 40%, 40%, 20%. The optimum combination for high grain protein yield was 240kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer and the method that the percentages of base fertilizer, elongation fertilizer and milk fertilizer were 40%, 40%, 20%.

  The Effect of Fertilizer on Development and Yield of wheat Yu Xinzhi, Zhang Rui, Liu Dangxiao, Wang Xinzhong 2005, 21 (6):  242-242.  Abstract + ( 1393 )   PDF ( 1101245KB )   ( 569 ) This experiment studied the effect of fertilizer on the population quantity, accumulation of dry material, photosynthesis characteristics and yield of Shaan 253,a good quality, high and stable yield winter wheat variety. The result shows that raising fertilizer can increase the population quantity and ears; and the accumulation number of dry material of organs increase with raising fertilizer in different fertilizer level. The relationship between photosynthesis characteristic per plant and fertilizer applying is not distinct. There are not obvious difference among Photo, Trmmol and Cond of treatment. Applying fertilizer of N, P and organism fertilizer can increase the yield of wheat greatly 493.95 kg/hm2.

  Study on the Aboveground Biomass Production and Soil Water of Artificial Lespedeza davurica Grasslands in Loess hilly-gully Region Huang Jin，Jiang Jun，Xu Bingcheng 2005, 21 (6):  245-245.  Abstract + ( 1337 )   PDF ( 1224439KB )   ( 676 ) Yearly and seasonal changes of soil water and aboveground biomass of artificial Lespedeza davurica grasslands at different habitats in loess hilly-gully region were comparatively studied. The results showed that the productivity of the lowland Lespedeza davurica grassland was more than 3 times that of planted in slope land; the reproductive part accounted for 30%~40% of total biomass; the leaf water use efficiency of Lespedeza davurica at different habitats were not significantly different, so under high productivity, the soil water below the 260cm maintains at 5.0% yearly and cannot be renewed after rainy and fallow seasons.

  Effects of Beer Factory Sludge on Soil Properties and Growth of Sugar Beet Li Wancai, Liu Changqing, Xu Guangle 2005, 21 (6):  249-249.  Abstract + ( 1565 )   PDF ( 1059644KB )   ( 588 ) The possible use of beer factory sludge (BFS) for a purpose was investigated with sugar beet (Beta vulgaris saccharifera L.). BFS was mixed with soil at a rate 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 t/hm2. BFS increased leaf and root yield. However, the effect of BFS on leaf growth was more pronounced than on root growth. The highest sugar content, refined sugar content and refined sugar yield were obtained with the application rate of 10 t/hm2 BFS. 10t/hm2 of BFS was the most suitable on the basis of root quality parameters and root yield. However BFS should be applied to the soil six or seven months in advance due to the high level of nitrogen released through mineralization.

  The Primary Report about the Applied Result of Rice Fertilized by the Way of Diagram “W” Liu Shaoquan, Xie Xiaoming, Chen Guangchao 2005, 21 (6):  252-252.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 1112542KB )   ( 457 ) Diagram “W” was formed by the relationship between the main growth period and the factors make up of the yield of rice. The results of fertilizing by the way of diagram “W” and the normal way were compared by experimental zones, in order to find the relationship between fertilization and the products. The result shows that rice fertilized by the way of diagram “W” can effectively improve the rate of setting panicles, fruiting and the amount of grains of each spike than by the normal way, thus the yield can also be improved. It gives evidence for the extension and appliance of the high yield of rice fertilized by the way of diagram “W”.

  Changes in Concentrations of Free Sugars, Myo-inositol and Potassium in the Pulp During Citrus Fruit Development and Maturation Xiao Jiaxin, Peng Shu’ang , He Huapin 2005, 21 (6):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1873 )   PDF ( 1176286KB )   ( 708 ) Changes in concentrations of free sugars(fructose, glucose and sucrose), myo-inositol and potassium (K) in the pulp during fruit development and maturation of citrus i.e. Kamei（seedless） Satsuma mandarin（Citrus unshiu Marc.） and Egan 1 (seedy) tangerine（Citrus reticulata Blanco）were investigated. The results showed as follows: (1)During the early phase of fruit enlargement, concentrations of fructose and glucose of Egan 1 obviously increased, that of sucrose showed little change, while myo-inositol concentration progressively decreased, during the middle and later phase of enlargement, sucrose concentration significantly increased, others changed slightly. Concentrations of fructose, glucose and sucrose of Kamei all markedly accumulated during the early and middle phase of fruit enlargement, myo-inositol concentrations were relatively stable except that the relatively small peak presented during the middle phase of enlargement. Changing trends of total sugars were almost accordant with those of sucrose in the pulp of two cultivars during fruit development. (2) During fruit storage, myo-inositol and total sugars of two citrus cultivars remained relatively constant, whereas concentrations of fructose, glucose and sucrose between two cultivars were all in the reversed trends.(3) K concentrations in the pulp of two cultivars significantly increased and remained relatively high levels during the stage of fruit enlargement.

  Effects of Root Confinement on the Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Dry Weight of Young Nectarine Tree Cultivated in greenhouse * Gao Qinghua, Ye Zhengwen Zhang Zhen Li Shicheng Tao Jianmin Wu Yuliang Su Mingshen 2005, 21 (6):  259-259.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 1290107KB )   ( 567 ) To explore the effects of root confinement on the chlorophyll content and leaf dry weight of young fruiting nectarine tree in greenhouse, tree were trained to central leaders and planted at in-row spacing of 1m with 1.5m between rows. When planting, different ways of root restriction were performed as: trees set in holes large enough to accommodate the root system(CK) and planting using nylon membranes(TR1) and using non-woven synthetic fabric(standard 0.5Kg/m2, thick 0.20mm)(TR2). The results showed that (1) in autumn chlorophyll (Chl) contents of different positioned leaves exhibited a common “up-down-up” temporal pattern in all trees treated by different root confinement. When different ways of root confinement compared, Chl contents per leaf area in TR2 were always lower than those of the same positioned leaves in TR1 and CK, but the Chl contents in TR1 were larger than all in CK except those of the 1st and 8th positioned leaves. (2)Chla and total Chl and the ratio of Chla to Chlb all presented a dynamic variation pattern of “down-up-down” during 19DAA (days after anthesis)～262DAA (actually Mar.29～Nov.28) in all root treatments, and it was revealed that the seasonal change of Chlb was obviously affected by different ways of root confinement. (3)The seasonal change of LWA (leaf weight area) during leaf development was very distinct among different root treatments, but all showed an ascending tendency. And the seasonal change of the content of dry weight presented a descending tendency in all treatments, but the temporal variation was distinct among different root treatments.

  A Preliminary Report on Identity of Chinese Cabbage to Low Calcium by the Method of Insertion of Detached Leaves Ji Xuehua, Zhang Lugang, Zhang Shaoli, Zhang Jian 2005, 21 (6):  264-264.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 1125450KB )   ( 514 ) In this paper, detached leaves from Chinese cabbage were inserted into detecting solution to study the resistance and character of symptom of leaves of Chinese cabbage under low calcium. The results indicated that the distribution of spot and rot are all “T” shape, there is no relation of spot and rot. To identify material’s resistance to low calcium should base on these two symptoms. The starting of tip-burn mainly on leaf’s marginal and stem. Spot and rot are it’s main symptoms, only 50% material show water strain. There is deep relation between symptoms and varieties.

  The Studies on Characteristics of Katy Apricot for Protected Cultivation Wang Jinzheng, Shan Shouming, Zhang Anning 2005, 21 (6):  267-267.  Abstract + ( 1690 )   PDF ( 1093963KB )   ( 600 ) The studies on the characteristics of Katy apricot for protected cultivation was carried out in Shandong Pomology Institute, Taian City, Shandong 271000, P. R. of China. The results of the experiments show that: Katy apricot's light and CO2 saturation of were lower, therefore, it can grow well in the low light and CO2 condition. On the other hand, it’s chilling requirement was low too. It has such good characteristics as high-stable yield, high self-fruitful ability and low pistils abortion rate. Under the conditions of protected cultivation, Katy apricot can significantly improve its average weight, quality and yield of fruits. Katy is the best apricot cultivars for protected cultivation.

  The Investigation of the Adaptability and Introduction of Taiwan’s Soft-branch Carambola (Psidium guajava L.) Lin Xiaohong, Chen Qingxi, Lin Fengying, Wu Peican, Zheng Hao 2005, 21 (6):  270-270.  Abstract + ( 1518 )   PDF ( 1181647KB )   ( 691 ) The characteristics of biology，the adaptability and the economic profit of some varieties of carambola are investigated, the result shows that Taiwan’s soft-branch and Spicy-sweet carambola are suitable to growing in Zhangzhou，especially the Taiwan’s soft-branch carambola. It’s average weight is 210 g, total soluble solids are 8.5%, total acids are 0.04%, average seeds are 10. The fruits all year round is with excellent quality and the price of 6~8yuan/kg. And some corresponding cultivation techniques of it are introduced in this paper.

  Relativity Analysis of Influencing the Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) Yield Li Xia, Diao Jialian, Zhang Yuanguo, Li Shuhua, Li Fang, Yang Lin 2005, 21 (6):  273-273.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   PDF ( 1244534KB )   ( 650 ) We analyzed 6 asparagus agronomic characters and did multiple comparison to the asparagus yield and first-class asparagus spears ratio. The result showed that the important factors of influencing asparagus yield were as followed the stem diameter, the plant height and the number of stem; the important factors of influencing the first-class asparagus spears ration were as followed the stem diameter, the plant height and the yield. The plant height was higher and the yield was higher, at the same time the first-class asparagus spears ratio was also higher. The stem diameter, the plant height and the number of stem constituted the asparagus yield and the quality characteristic. At the same time it was also necessary for selecting the new varieties. We found that the all-male varieties were superior to the others in the yield and the first-class asparagus spears ratio through the multiple comparison of the yield and the first-class asparagus spears ratio. So the selection of the all-male varieties has become the work key.

  Chinese Cabbage Breeds Comparatirely Experiment in Spring Exposed Soil in the Middle and Southern Area of Henan Province Jiang Jun, Yang Qingling, Xu YuPing, Hu Yingbei 2005, 21 (6):  278-278.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 989837KB )   ( 558 ) Through afford to spring exposed soil to Henan Province middle and southern area 5 Kinds of Chinese cabbage breeds’ bolting resistance、disease resistance and yield comparatively experiment, screen Yuxin 5, Beijing early spring, Xiaozha 55 suitable for district this afford to spring exposed soil. Offering for theoretical foundation to develop spring Chinese cabbage of produce.

  Research Advances of Substrates in soil-less Culture of Vegetables in China Xie Xiaoyu,, Zou Zhirong, Jiang Xuefei, Miao Xiaoli 2005, 21 (6):  280-280.  Abstract + ( 1775 )   PDF ( 1261624KB )   ( 1234 ) This paper summarizes the developing history, and the components, the characteristics and the selecting criterion of substrates in soil-less culture of vegetables in China. It describes the main methods to evaluate the properties of substrates, including measurement of their physical, chemical and biological characters, comprehensive research on their physical-chemical characters and growth indexes of vegetables, research on their effects on quality of vegetables and environment, and research on their economic characters. Furthermore, it suggests that, in the future, attentions should be paid to the studies of highly-efficient, ecologically-organic, environmentally-conservative and feasibly-disinfected substrates.

  The Interactive Effect of Enhanced UV-B Radiation and Acid Rain on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Spinch Hu Zhenghua, Suo Fuxi, Zhao Xiaoli, Zheng Youfei 2005, 21 (6):  284-284.  Abstract + ( 1506 )   PDF ( 982182KB )   ( 546 ) The interactive effect of enhanced UV-B radiation and acid rain on seed germination and seedling growth of Spinch are investigated. The results showed that the interactive effect of enhanced UV-B radiation and acid rain resulted in reduction of height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight. At the same time, the content of chlorophyll and transpiration in leaf were decreased. The decreasing degrees of seed germination and seedling growth under combined stress were significantly higher than under single stress, and the decreasing degrees were influenced by the dose of UV-B and pH of acid rain. The effect of enhanced UV-B radiation were cooperated with acid rain on seed germination and seedling growth of Spinch.

  Primary Report on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Ornamental Pumpkin in Solar Greenhouse Li Xinzheng, Liu Zhenwei, Liu Hong, Liu Limin 2005, 21 (6):  286-286.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 998117KB )   ( 619 ) The primary study on the photosynthetic characteristics of 6 varieties of ornamental pumpkin was studied in solar greenhouse, the day change of PAR and the rate of transpiration was similar, they were double-peak curve. But the day change of the surface temperature and the photosynthetic rate varies with the varieties.

  Studies on the Identification and Growth Characteristics of the Pathogen of Valencia Orange Green Spot Wang Daping,, Li Daogao 2005, 21 (6):  288-288.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   PDF ( 1227317KB )   ( 558 ) The identification and Growth Characteristics of the pathogen of Valencia orange green spot were studied. The results showed that Valencia orange green spot was a new disease caused by Apatococcus lobatus of Chlorophyta. Apatococcus lobatus could acclimate to a large range of temperature shift. The temperature range for the pathogen growth was 5~30℃ with the optimum of 15~25℃. Apatococcus lobatus also has a wide range of light intensity adaptability. Under illumination of 500lx to 4000lx it could grow, optimal range of light intensity was 1000lx~3000lx. Apatococcus lobatus could grow in the condition of pH 4~10, optimal range of pH was 5~9. Field observation of the disease development was carried out. The results indicated that the disease development had close correlation with RH. The disease occurred seriously when RH was not lower than 80%.

  Effects of Plant Hormone on Direct Induction of Shoot Derived from Gerbera Flowerets Zhang Suqin, Zou Zhirong, Geng Guangdong, Shu Zhiqiang, Wang Haibo 2005, 21 (6):  292-292.  Abstract + ( 1507 )   PDF ( 1092728KB )   ( 616 ) The impact of cotykinins and auxins on the differentiation of shoots of gerbera flowerets was studied. The effect of KT was slightly less than that of 6-BA. 5.0 mg/L 6-BA was the best. Among the different auxins, NAA was the best, then IBA, finally 2,4-D. 0.2 mg/L NAA was optimal. Although higher concentrations of auxins were not suitable for the induction of shoots, they were good for elongation of shoots.

  Studies on Planting Design for Street Garden in the City of Beijing ——You’an Street Garden Ren Shuangying, Yu Li, Dong Li 2005, 21 (6):  295-295.  Abstract + ( 1239 )   PDF ( 1058167KB )   ( 554 ) Street Garden has been the focus of public in Beijing recently. Street Garden not only makes environment of city better, but also supplies pastime place for nearby residents. You’an street Garden was built in 2003 with many benefits in plant materials and design. This paper studies on its plant design, in order to give some advice to Street Garden in future.

  Progress in Research on Fulvia fulva(Cook) of tomato Caused by cladosporeum fulvum Meng Fanjuan, Xu Xiangyang, Li Jingfu 2005, 21 (6):  297-297.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 1352803KB )   ( 682 ) Leaf mould (Fulvia fulva) is one of the serious diseases on tomato under protective cultivation and also a widespread disease of tomato in the world. It can cause heavy losses of tomato production and friuts’ quality. According to the researches of internal and external country, This review summarized the main symptoms of Fulvia fulva(Cook) of tomato caused by cladosporium fulvum , the biological properties, including to form character, temperature and humidity of mycelium and spore, the outbreak of the disease, regularity of epidemic, race differentiation of different area, Maofen 802,Shuangkan 2No.should be chosen. In resisting disease ,mode of action, gene clone，gene structure,gene function and control methods of the disease.

  Inheritance of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Two Cucumber Varieties Mao Aijun, Zhang Feng, Zhang Haiying, Zhang Lirong, Wang Yongjian 2005, 21 (6):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 1102961KB )   ( 825 ) Inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew（Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Beijing）in two inbred lines, WIS2757 from American and Jinyan 2 from China had been studied in the air conditioned greenhouse by spraying inoculum. The results showed that resistance genotype to powdery mildew in WIS2757 was RRssii, that means resistance was controlled by a major recessive gene s, a dominant gene R and an recessive gene i. The model was rrssii in Jinyan 2 that resistance was controlled by a major recessive gene s and a recessive inhibitory gene i, and differed from WIS2757 in gene R. The genotype of susceptible parent line was RRSSII.

  Major Genes Plus Polygenes Inheritance of Wheat Scab in Resource N553 Zhang Yong, Zhang Boqiao, Gao Derong, Cheng Shunhe 2005, 21 (6):  305-305.  Abstract + ( 1688 )   PDF ( 1088561KB )   ( 608 ) Resistant inheritance of new resource N553, to wheat scab was investigated with six generations genetic design. Which include the genetic analysis of major gene plus polygenes. The results showed as follows: The scab resistance of N553 fits the genetic model of two major genes plus polygenes. The genetic model for N553 also fits model E-1-0 (two major genes plus polygenes with additive-dominance-epistatic effect), the additive effect of the first major gene are double of the second major gene and there are negative dominance effects and significant epistatic effects. The major gene explains 25.71%~91.61% of the phenotypic variation, whereas the heritability of polygenes is just from 3.15% to 64.00%.

  Effects of six common fungicides on growth of Trichderma sp. Wang Jinzhong, Hao Lidong, Shang Qiaoxia, Sun Shuling, Yang Baodong, Zhang Minzhao 2005, 21 (6):  308-308.  Abstract + ( 1799 )   PDF ( 1141542KB )   ( 684 ) The effects of six fungicides on the growth of Trichderma sp. were tested. The results showed that the different kinds and treatment concentrations of fungicides on the growth of Trichderma sp. had significant differences. Thiopanate methyl、Carbendazin and Chlorothalonil in 200、400、600、800、1000 times solution gave full inhibiting effects on growth of Trichderma sp., with 100% of the inhibiting rates. Vinclozolin and Metalaxyl in 200 times solution showed low inhibiting rates, with 89.7% and 79.6% respectively. Dithane M-45 in 200 times solution showed the lowest inhibiting rates , with 55.3%.

  Inhibitory Effect of Chitinase Producing Bacteria CHB101 to Magnaporthe Grisea Yang Shuiying, Li Zhenlun, Yi Long, Pan Yu, Zhu Shujun, Xiao Chonggang, Zhang Xuekun 2005, 21 (6):  312-312.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 1139166KB )   ( 558 ) Bacterium CHB101 was obviously antagonistic to Magnaporthe grisea through dual culture method, producing an inhibitory belt up to 11.0mm in width. Microscopically observed, the hyphae were altered in morphology, including necrosis of the hyphal wall, concentration and leakage of the cytoplasma. On water-agar plate, CHB101 inhibited the spore germination of Magnaporthe grisea. The higher the concentration of CHB101, the stronger the inhibition was.

  Stability Evaluation of Antifungal Substances in Fermentation of Actinomycetes A11 Strain Zhang Yu, Zhang Min, Ye Yajun, Liu ming, Tu Yong 2005, 21 (6):  315-315.  Abstract + ( 1123 )   Fermentation of strain A11 showed antagonism pathogenic fungus such as Exserohilum Helminthosporium turcicum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioide, and so on. Antifungal substances in fermentation of strain A11 can keep activity at neutral, alkaline. But antifungal substances begin to lose activity at extreme neutral and extreme alkaline. It can preserve it’s inhibitory to pathogenic fungi when autoclaved at 75℃ for 60min, However, this substance was not stable ,it loses activity when temperature up to 100℃.

  Distribution and Differentiation of Physiological Races of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum in Hebei Watermelon-growing Areas Duan Huijun, Ma Zhiying, Zhang Caiying, Guo Xiaomin, Li Xihuan, Wen Xiaojie 2005, 21 (6):  317-317.  Abstract + ( 1595 )   PDF ( 1231328KB )   ( 572 ) Based on the resistant and susceptible reaction in watermelon varieties, Sugar Baby、Charleston Gray and Calhoun Gray, which is susceptible, moderate and resistant, respectively. 46 isolates from watermelon-growing areas were classified into 3 races like race 0, race 1 and race 2 which were 8 (17.4), 30 (65.2), and 8 (17.4%), respectively. Pathogenecity of race 0 isolates are weakest which only make Sugar Baby susceptible; isolates of race 1 are intermediately pathogenetic, they make Sugar Baby and Charleston susceptible Gray but Calhoun Gray resistant; isolates belonging to race 2 possess the strongest pathogenecity, which make 3 hosts susceptible. Isolates of race 0 mainly distribute over the central and southern Hebei province, whereas race 2 cover the middle and north of Hebei, isolates of race 1 exist in the whole watermelon-growing areas in Hebei province.

  Study on the Resistance to Phytophthora Blight of Pepper and the Cell Wall Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities Li Haiyan, Liu Tiruo, Zhen Yan, Shi Fengyu 2005, 21 (6):  322-322.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 1218411KB )   ( 586 ) The resistance to Phytophthora capsici infection and the activities of cell wall hydrolytic enzyme has been studied. The behaviors of peppers to phytophthora blight are resisting mycelium spread. β-1,3-glucanase plays an active role in resisting mycelium spread. After the inoculation of phytophthora capsici, a significant increasing of the activities of β-1,3-glucanase in peppers is observed. There is much difference in speed and amount of β-1,3-glucanase at varieties with different levels of resistance to phytophthora capsici. The chinase activities are also increasing. But it plays a less role in resisting mycelium spread.

  Advance on Induced Resistances of Rice Blast Chen Guihua, Bai Lianyang, Xiao Yansong 2005, 21 (6):  326-326.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   PDF ( 1413791KB )   ( 1245 ) The review focuses on the main advance on induced resistances of rice blast in recent years. The biotic and abiotic elicitors inducing the local and systemic resistances of rice blast are also introduced. This paper discusses the mechanism of induced resistance and comes up with the problems existing about the research and promises a bright future in modern agriculture field.

  The Present Situation of Research and Some Problems on Maize Sheath Blight Zhou Wenliang, Cheng Weidong,, Xu Hongyuan, Jiang Yufeng, Zhou Fengjue, Qin Lanqiu 2005, 21 (6):  331-331.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   PDF ( 1523877KB )   ( 879 ) Researching progress of maize sheath blight were reviewed in China and abroad at present, including its etiology, occurrence rule, penetration paths, damage, preventive treatment, the mechanism of disease resistance, and resistant germplasm screening, the prospect in further research and some problems such as the resistant germplasm less, the preventive effect worse,the lack of relative basic theoretical research were also proposed.

  Advances in Research Bacterial Wilt of Ginger in China Liu Ming, Zhang Min, Ji Junchen, Yin Fuqiang, Zhang Yu, Tu Yong, Ye Yajun 2005, 21 (6):  337-337.  Abstract + ( 1175 )   PDF ( 1277322KB )   ( 730 ) Bacterial Wilt of Ginger is widespread in which ginger are planted. The pathogen was caused by Ralstonia solanacearum .It had a wide host range and could infect 44 families and over 300 plants.The thalli were short poleour and the wide white ringe and narrow white ringe were observed when it was cultured in TZC medium. The strain was devided into five physiologic races and five. It belongs to I in physiologic races and II、III、IV in biochemical types. The disease is a soil disease which is very difficult in its control and it is even more serious,especially when the temperature,humidity ,rain and nitrogen fertilizer were higher.Our reseacher in phytopathology have had a lot of work for it. This paper reseach advances for Bacterial Wilt of Ginger in Pathogen,occurrence regulation,control and so on,were overviewed .

  Application Effects of 17% Carbendazim·Carbofuran·Triadimefon Seed Coating formulation on Wheat Liu Yonggang, Lv Heping 2005, 21 (6):  341-341.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   PDF ( 1124230KB )   ( 506 ) Effects of 17% Carbendazim·Carbofuran·Triadimefon seed coating formulation on growth regulation of wheat seedling and main diseases control were studied in this paper. The results showed that reliable weight ratio of chemical: seed is 1:50 in greenhouse. The germination rate and root activity of coated seeds with this ration were improved significantly as well as chlorophyll content in leaves and lodging resistance. Field tests showed that protect effects on wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew at early stage respectively were 76.2% and 77.0%. And control effect on soil-borne wheat take-all was 82.1%, the increased yield of winter wheat and spring wheat were 6.8% and 10.9% respectively. Meanwhile, the prospect and applications of wheat seed coating formulation were also concisely discussed in this paper.

  Occurrence Trend and Comprehensive Control Technology of Disease and Pest in High Quality Wheat in Shaanxi Province Xu Zhi-ying, Guan Chongmei, Guan Xiaoyan 2005, 21 (6):  344-344.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   PDF ( 1136315KB )   ( 636 ) This paper investigated the diseases and pests trend of high quality wheat in Shaanxi province, and studied the comprehensive control scheme. From the investigation, we confirmed the main controlled objects including Puccinia striiformis West, Blumeria graminis (DC.)Speer.f.sp.trtici Marshal, Fusarrium head blight Scab, wheat aphid，wheat spider, and Schizaphis graminum(Rondani)，Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)，Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)，Petrobia lateens(Müller)，Penthaleus major (Duges)，Silodiplosis mosellana Gehin. And then, we proposed a comprehensive control system basing on the agricultural control, emphasizing the medicament control, and including reasonable varieties distribution and biology control. The practice has proved that this system can greatly improve the production and quality of high quality wheat in Shaanxi province.

  A Theory Study on Soil Nitrogen Spatial Movement in Wetland Based on Geostatistics and 15N Trace Technique Sun Zhigao,, Liu Jingshuang, Jiang Yanyan, Wang Jinda 2005, 21 (6):  347-347.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 1316276KB )   ( 706 ) Geostatistics is an effective tool to study the spatial heterogeneity of elements; it is suited to research quantitatively the characters of spatial structure variation of regionalized variable. The soil nitrogen in wetland is spatial and temporal successive variant, with higher spatial heterogeneity in any scale. The variable of soil nitrogen in wetland belongs to regionalized variable with its characters of randomness and constructive property. Because 15N trace technique can trace the movement track of nitrogen, and the changes of 15N abundance caused by the movement of 15N trace matter in wetland soil have spatial heterogeneity, we can combine Geostatistics with 15N trace technique to study quantitatively soil nitrogen spatial movement in wetland. In this paper, the author tries to have relative system and integrity theory study on this question.

  A Comparative Study of Agricultural Products Virtual Water in the Red Triangular Region Luo Zhenli,，Long Aihua，Huang Huang 2005, 21 (6):  352-352.  Abstract + ( 1461 )   PDF ( 1123247KB )   ( 670 ) In this paper, based on calculating methods of the virtual water, quantitative analysis on virtual water of regional agricultural products is comparatively studied and some suggestions have been put forward on how to adjust the structure of agricultural products and utilize the water resources in Red Triangular Region, Chenzhou, Shaoguan and Ganzhou, in year 2000. Results show that，under the precondition of not cutting down the average water consumption needs, areas with abundant water resources can make full use of the water resources advantage with the trade of virtual water of agricultural products. By applying the virtual water strategy, it can alleviate the press of water shortage in other water-shorting areas, and can lead the development trend of consumption structure and consumption model of agricultural products, and bringing innovation to the regional resource management mechanism.

  Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration on Growth and Yield of Soybean Jiang Yuelin, Zhang Qingguo, Yue Wei, Yao Yugang, Wang Gongming 2005, 21 (6):  355-355.  Abstract + ( 1769 )   PDF ( 1126232KB )   ( 595 ) The plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, specific leaf mass, chlorophyll content and yield components of soybean under ambient and elevated CO2 levels were measured, and their responses to elevated CO2 were analyzed. The results showed that plant height increased by 15.74% and 21.57% under elevated (550 and 750μmol/mol)CO2, compared to the ambient air CO2 concentration. The stem diameter increased by 8.62% and 13.79%. At the same time, the leaf area increased by 7.27% and 14.08% with air CO2 enrichment at grain filling stage. The pod Number per plant increased 6.87% and 11.61%, and seed weight per pot increased 15.19% and 29.10% in two high CO2 levels.

  Problems and Countermeasures for Sustainable Rice Production Sun Yongfei, Yan Lijiao, Liang Yinming 2005, 21 (6):  358-358.  Abstract + ( 1820 )   PDF ( 1447879KB )   ( 879 ) Current rice production is analyzed against the background of cropland ecosystems. A number of countermeasures for sustainable rice production including ecological croplands, ecological layout, and ecological crop management are put forward for overcoming the problems such as water resources shortage, increase of floods and droughts disaster; bio-diversity reduction, the rising frequency of diseases and pest incidents; low resource utilization, and the heavy pollution of fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals.

  the Study on the mode of ecological & economy Farming in South mountainous area of ningxia Bai xiaoyan, sun Zhaomin, Shang Aijun, Jia Zhikuan, Tang Zhen 2005, 21 (6):  363-363.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   PDF ( 1259616KB )   ( 630 ) Dry-land agriculture region is the not enough development area in South Mountainous Area of Ningxia. the environments are terribly asperity. Farmer is very destitute. according to the request of the comprehensive development of western in china, the important task is to protect ecological environments and realize the development of society economy and ecology regeneration together for a long time in this area. Facing the aims of well-to-do life and the request of agricultural modernization, it is strategic choice of economy development which to develop the ecological-economy agriculture by “company group + Farmer” in this area.

  The Evolvement Mechanism of Ecological Environment in Source Region of Yangtse Rive, Huanghe River and Lantsang Under the Influence of the Farming System Feng Yongzhong, Yang Gaihe, Ding Ruixia 2005, 21 (6):  367-367.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 1213020KB )   ( 565 ) The agricultural activity is one of the most important human factors that affect the evolvement of regional ecological environment, in the papers the technological measures during the course of developing of agriculture are studied systemic, the point that farming system is the main factor of agricultural activity influence the evolvement of regional ecological environment is put forward to, the evolvement mechanism of the wasteland system, fallowing system, rotation system, intensive cultivation to ecological environment in Source region of Yangtse Rive, Huanghe River and Lantsang is discussed systemic, and the degree of the farming system to evolvement of ecological environment in different stages is compared and analysed.

  Research on the Pattern of Six to One Ecotypic Agriculture and the Analysis of the System Benefit in Wanggongzhuang Village, Tunliu County of Shanxi Province Liu Yongzhong, Zhang Keqiang, Ma Hongbin, Wang Genquan, Li Wanxing, Jin Kunpeng 2005, 21 (6):  371-371.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   PDF ( 1114153KB )   ( 634 ) In this article, the connotation of ecotypic agriculture has been discussed profoundly, and the Pattern of Six to One Ecotypic Agriculture of Wanggongzhuang and the related technique have been introduced in detail. Based on the analysis of economy, ecology, and the social benefit, it is clear that the Systematic beneficial result of this system is prominent. It is an available way to develop the Ecotypic Agriculture, realize the sustaining development of farming and countryside, and improve the incomes of farmers in northern countryside of China.

  The basic situation of cultivated land resources in China and its quantitative change in recent years Zhang Shigong 2005, 21 (6):  374-374.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 1345186KB )   ( 646 ) Being the uppermost productive material and the most direct object for farmers, cultivated land resources not only is one of the basic factors consisting of the comprehensive ability of crop production, but also is the foundation and guarantee for implementing crop security in China. Based on the analyses of present situation of cultivated land resources and the possible trends of decreasing in recent years, it pointed that the main reasons causing the conversion of cropland to non-farm uses were urban expansion blindly, laws for soil management lagged behind, benefit driven and inefficiency in supervising and executing laws.

  Research that the Excellent Resource of wild Soybean Screen Appraise and Utilization in Heilongjiang Lai Yongcai, Lin Hong, Fang Wancheng, Yao Zhencun, Qi Ning, Wang Qingxiang, Yang Xuefeng, Li Hui 2005, 21 (6):  379-379.  Abstract + ( 1121 )   PDF ( 1234551KB )   ( 628 ) Through the appraisal and usage in the past 25 years, more than 48% of 49 shares that screen the content of high protein are gained；Among them size 3 a kind of 8 qualities are resistant to spore bag nematode；a kind of 5 qualities is resistant to colored leaf virus; 9 varieties with flowery pod, more branches and highly resistant to stress is gained；one pair high Variety is 66.16% (high oil，high protein). Through renovation among varieties, the yield of 6~20g/per 100 weeds is gained, which make hereditary foundation of soybeans abundant.

  Study on the Introducing and Screening of Sorghum sudanense New Varieties into Hebei Plain Farming Area Liu Guibo, Qiao Renpu 2005, 21 (6):  383-383.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 1190707KB )   ( 564 ) A study of 11 new Sorghum sudanense varieties from China and abroad countries to analyzing the traits of grass yield, gross protein yield, growth periods, tillering ability, reproduction, and plant height was conducted in the Hebei Plain Farming Area. The result showed that: feeding cattle as green forage or as stored green forage, the variety “jianbao” appeared best in the traits of high yield and good gross protain yield, tillering ability, reproduction, growth as well; the varieties “jincao 1”, and “ruiao 3” were next to it. Sorghum sudanense can seed in spring or summer in the Hebei Plain Farming Area. Spring-seeding can harvest three times and summer-seeding can harvest two times.

  Effects of Seed-cane Soaking with Ethephon on the Drought Resistance in Sugarcane Ye Yanping, Li Yangrui,, Luo Ting, Pang Guoyan, Yang Litao 2005, 21 (6):  387-387.  Abstract + ( 1594 )   PDF ( 1074116KB )   ( 679 ) Seed-canes of sugarcane were soaked with different concentrations of ethephon before planting. The results showed that the treatments with ethephon concentrations of 50mg/L, 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L markedly affected the germination and tillering of sugarcane. Under drought conditions, the seed-cane soaking treatments with ethephon recorded higher germination rate and tillering rate, and improved agronomic characters and the cane quality as compared with the control.

  A Summary on Sugarcane Hybrid Reliability Identification Zhong Huaiqin, Li Fusheng, Yang Qinghui 2005, 21 (6):  390-390.  Abstract + ( 1407 )   PDF ( 1402192KB )   ( 708 ) Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop not only in China but also all over the world. The choose of breeds pays important roles in the development of Sugarcane, at the same time, identifications of somatic hybrids in sugarcane is of consequence measure to choose new breeds. This paper summarized the present research of four genetic markers on sugarcane hybrid reliability identification, including morphological marker identification, cytological marker identification, biochemical marker identification and molecular marker identification. Their advantage and disadvantage were pointed out and their applied prospect to sugarcane hybrid research was discussed.

  A Design Method for Agriculture Expert Systems in Litchi Pest Diagnosis Su Weiqiang, Tang Zhaolin , Peng Hongxiang, Liu Yeqiang Gu Lin 2005, 21 (6):  399-399.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 1232678KB )   ( 605 ) Aiming at agriculture expert systems which expert’s knowledge described as large searching lists, development litchi pest diagnosis expert systems. .The pratical test proved that the user interface became concise ,and professional skill requirements will be reduced for farmers. This article gives some practice examples on man-machine interaction, knowledge storing structure and control strategy.

  Primary Study on Plant Type and Computer Simulation of 3-Dimentional Structure of Rice Canopy Meng Jun, Chen Wenfu, Xu Zhengjin 2005, 21 (6):  403-403.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 1182510KB )   ( 664 ) In use of Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) and VC++6.0 software development tool, visible simulation of plant and canopy 3-dimentional structure of two rice variety , Shennong265 and Qiuguang, was made by means of triangle approach. Simulation results fit the basic character of the plant and population. Good basis was made for further research of light distribution.

  Study on GIS–based Flood Damage Assessment System Cao Lina, He Junshi 2005, 21 (6):  407-407.  Abstract + ( 1262 )   PDF ( 1243851KB )   ( 938 ) Flood damage assessment is the basic work of flood hazard mitigation. On the basis of study on flood disaster assessment information system in our nation and overseas, the method of flood disaster evaluation are discussed and application、trait and function of GIS technical are narrated. The question which solved and the future development trend of flood disaster evaluation is also presented, which provides foundations for flood control and disaster reduction.

  Analysis and Prediction on Changing Trend of the District Crop Production System Mei Shufang, Mei Zhong 2005, 21 (6):  411-411.  Abstract + ( 1254 )   PDF ( 1119338KB )   ( 527 ) With Zhejiang province as case，for the production index of acreage，total production and the yield，the variation feature and trend were analyzed based on the chronological data of food crop production system．The results showed that the acreage was decreasing sharply, the acreage decreasing, north Zhejiang > mid-west Zhejiang > south Zhejiang． Total production，the changing trend was decreasing， the total production decreasing, north Zhejiang > mid-west Zhejiang > south Zhejiang．The yield every year in Zhejiang increased，the yield increasing, south Zhejiang > north Zhejiang > mid-west Zhejiang． According to the variation feature of food crop production index，the integrated growth rate method was used to calculate the integrated growth rate or the integrated reduction rate． For food crop production system ，the pessimistic，normal and optimistic prediction plans were established， respectively，and future，acreage total production and yield per unit area of food crop were predicted based on the actual production indexes．

  Experiment of Water Source Heat Pump in Greenhouse Heating Wang Jiqing, Zhang Bailiang 2005, 21 (6):  415-415.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 1245205KB )   ( 655 ) The greenhouse was designed and constructed by using multi-layer covering and reducing heating space measure. The temperature and relative humidity of air in the greenhouse were determined in night when heated by water source heat pump. The result showed that horizontal distribution of temperature was uniform in the east-west direction of the compartment，there was 0.9℃gradient in 12.0-m distance in the south-north direction 1.5-m above the ground and there was 1℃ vertical gradient 2.0-m above the ground, relative humidity of air in the greenhouse was lower than 80% during 24:00—08:00. The actual coefficient of performance of the experimental water source heat pump was 3.31.The experimental greenhouse heated by water source heat pump saved energy by 46.5%, compared with that in the greenhouse heated by boiler using coal fuel. However, the heating cost was 82.2% higher in the former greenhouse than in the later. Based upon adjustment, the greenhouse heated by water source heat pump could saved energy by 69.1% and the corresponding heating cost was only 5.8% higher, compared with these in the greenhouse heated by boiler using coal fuel.

  The Influence of the Farmland Micro-terrain on the Emission Uniformity for the Emitter Zhu Delan,,, Wu Pute,,, Wang Jian 2005, 21 (6):  420-420.  Abstract + ( 1252 )   PDF ( 1203860KB )   ( 539 ) The influence of the farmland micro-terrain on the actual operation pressure of the emitter was analyzed firstly. The more uneven the farmland was, the more deviation between the actual operation and designs pressure of the emitter was. When the designs pressure of the emitter was below to sectional difference of farmland elevation, the flow of the emitter would be equal of zero. The calculation formula of the flow deviation rate of the emitter, which was from the farmland micro-terrain, was proposed and developed by the formula of Tailor. By method of described statistic and T-test, the surplus of the formula of Tailor was analyzed. The result indicated that the surplus could be neglected and the calculation formula of the flow deviation rate of the emitter, which was from the farmland micro-terrain, was determined by simple form.

  Effect of Multifunctional Composite on Soil Physical Properties Liu Ruifeng, Zong Li, Zhang Chuanwei, Zhang Kun, Yang Liming, Wang Aiqin 2005, 21 (6):  424-424.  Abstract + ( 1176 )   PDF ( 1089601KB )   ( 629 ) In this paper, the effects of multifunctional composite on soil physical properties were investigated through simulated the tree planting method as much as possible. The results showed that multifunctional composite can decreased soil pH and bulk density, increased the contents of total porosity, and improved soil cation exchange capacity. Soil >0.25mm aggregates were increased with increasing of concentration of multifunction composite. When using super absorbent with the dose of 50g, the >0.25mm aggregates proportion was increased in 8.91%~12.50% compared with control.

  Technical Research on Reducing Thickness of Sewage in Large-scale Pig Farm by Using Separators Lin Daiyan, Yao Baoquan, LinYan, Ye Meifeng 2005, 21 (6):  427-427.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   PDF ( 1110147KB )   ( 558 ) Separators, Large-scale pig farm, Sewage pre-procession

  Effect of Irrigation Style on Eggplant Growth Du Sheni, Liang Yinli, Zhai Sheng, Xu Fuli,, Chen Zhijie, Chen Zhihui 2005, 21 (6):  430-430.  Abstract + ( 1614 )   PDF ( 1094448KB )   ( 703 ) In greenhouse, eggplant growth and water use efficiency were studied under normal irrigation and fixed irrigation and alternate irrigation. The results showed: in initial stages of growth, plant length of fixed irrigation was the tallest, normal irrigation was the shortest in 3 treatment; leaf area of normal irrigation was the smallest, and alternate irrigation was the biggest in 3 treatment; number of leaf and content of chlorophyll under alternate irrigation was the most, and normal irrigation was the fewest. In procreate metaphase and anaphase, varieties of numbers of leaf and content of chlorophyll of eggplant were similar to initial stages of growth，plant length of normal irrigation was the tallest, plant length of alternate irrigation was the shortest. Photosynthetic rate of alternate irrigation was the highest, fixed irrigation was the lowest in all treatment. The yield of eggplant was the highest by 19.78kg in alternate irrigation. Its increased yield was 19.52% and 25.35% than normal irrigation and fixed irrigation. Water use efficiency of eggplant was 21.98% under alternate irrigation. It’s enhanced water use efficiency were 139.17% and 25.39% than normal irrigation and fixed irrigation.

  Restricting Factors and Countermeasures in the Process of Domestic Biogas Realization Shi Ji’an, Yang Gaihe, Guo Yongxin, Liu Yuhua 2005, 21 (6):  433-433.  Abstract + ( 1370 )   PDF ( 1302945KB )   ( 571 ) Countermeasures on domestic biogas technology realization was presented about the realization of biomass energy technology and the restricting factors of sustainable development on rural energy, conversion the prompting measure and the function of administration to promote the biogas study and facilitate domestic biogas energy source use in country.

  The Conception, Systems and Technology Innovation of Food Security in China Li Jun,, Wang Lixiang, Jia Zhikuan 2005, 21 (6):  437-437.  Abstract + ( 1507 )   PDF ( 1532152KB )   ( 616 ) Based on the current situation and development trend of food security in China, the conception, systems and technology innovation approach of food security of China were proposed in this paper. Considering conception innovation of food security, the traditional “grain security” should be changed to “food security”, the three goals of food security, which include quantity security, economical security and quality security, should be realized gradually, grain production and farmer income should be increased synchronously, grain ration security should be ensured and non grain ration market should be opened. Considering systems innovation of food security, the farmland joint-stock management system should be extended; farmland examination and comment management system should be strengthened, the food security monitor and alarm system, food purchase and sale market system, agricultural product quality standard system should be established and improved to strengthen the management of food production and food market. Considering technological innovation of food security, the regional distribution of food production and food market should be adjusted, the multiple cropping and super-high-yield grain production technology should be extended, and agricultural production structure for food security should be established.

  Analysis of the Interest Rate of the Nongovernmental Finance in Rural of China Jiang Yali 2005, 21 (6):  443-443.  Abstract + ( 970 )   PDF ( 994041KB )   ( 498 ) The interest rate of the nongovernmental rural finance is fairly high compared the governmental finance. From the controlled interest, the risk, the monopoly, the separately mark, and other views, we can analyze and explain the cause of high interest rate, and proved its reasonableness.

  Discussing of the Problems of Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer and Its Resolving Ways Cui Herui, Li Xiansong 2005, 21 (6):  445-445.  Abstract + ( 1598 )   PDF ( 1541470KB )   ( 614 ) Agriculture is a basic industry of the national economy all the time, the countryside is a cradle and relying on of the city all the time, peasants are the masses of people colony all the time. On the basis of the inter－reaction among agriculture, countryside, peasant's question and function mechanism, this paper analysis systematically the intension and behaving of the Problems of Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer, and propose accelerating the urbanization , raise peasant's quality, structure the agricultural thing fluid department etc, and the basic solving ways of the rural economy , rural development and rural demography.

  Investment Risk and Management Countermeasure in Animal Raising Du Renrang, Gao Yupeng 2005, 21 (6):  451-451.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   PDF ( 1135573KB )   ( 739 ) Aiming at the problem that accursed in investment process at present and analyzing the type of investment risk in animal raising, the reason for that the risk happened were discussed and the management countermeasure of investment in the development of animal raising raised correspondently.

  Study on Brand Agriculture of Kidney Bean in China Feng Baili, Yu Huan, Gao Xiaoli, Gao Jinfeng, Chai Yan 2005, 21 (6):  454-454.  Abstract + ( 1485 )   PDF ( 1224855KB )   ( 799 ) The kidney bean is main export agricultural product in our country, and the advantageous agricultural product of our country too. This paper analyzed the current situation of kidney bean in China. After analysis of the main problems and advantages, according to improve the competitive of kidney bean products in international markets, the industry developing system with Chinese characters was put forward. A concretion of seminal ideas in integration of agriculture, industry and commerce, optimum-scale farm management, make international and standardization. The strategy for establishing production base for exporting kidney bean was suggested as increasing investments on science and technology and developing leading incorporation to promote the development of kidney bean industry, the study will benefit the characteristic agriculture in middle-western China and the improvement of the farmers’ living standard.

  Research of the Growing Appraise and Countermeasure of Dingxi Patato Industry in Gansuprovince He Qiming, Wang Yeli, Bao Zhong 2005, 21 (6):  458-458.  Abstract + ( 1916 )   PDF ( 1404116KB )   ( 2297 ) It is also good channel of agriculture growth、peasant increase income and getting rid of three-rural-problems in being behind with developed the area to foothold in regional compare superiority、walk industrial way and develop commodity agriculture economy. The article through Dingxi city’s potato industrial develop superiority condition and superiority present situation appraise in Gansu, on existing inherent problems、utilizing industrial economy theory method、having been discussed tactics of industrial development that using science and technology improved is prop up, profound process is guide, a high degree of organize is base, society serve is condition, government promote is ensure.

  Establishing Scientific Development Approach and Insuring Food Scurity Xu Meiliang, 2005, 21 (6):  463-463.  Abstract + ( 1112 )   PDF ( 1150378KB )   ( 436 ) Food security in a key issue for human’s survival and social safety, especially in Wenzhou city due to its huge population, limited farmland and lack of food. Scientific development approach should be set up, the relationship between food supply and need should be planned, so that the control capability of food security at large scale will be increased; supporting policy on food production should be implemented to protect the benefits of food farmers; food market policy and food storage policy should be balanced to promote system supporting capability; national market and international market should be integrated to play market rule. If we do all above, food security in Wenzhou city must be insured.

  Sustainable Development of the Qinba Mountain Areas and Economy with Regional Characteristics —— A Case Study of Zhenba County in Hanzhong City Shaanxi Province Tang Zhen, Liu Hua, Yang Moli, Jia Zhikuan 2005, 21 (6):  466-466.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 1286382KB )   ( 615 ) The Qin-ba mountain areas has expansive tract, abundant natural resources and special landscape characteristics, becomes a footstone of economy development and social stabilization, and an invaluable fortune all over the world. How to use natural resources by sustainale means has becomes a question of great urgency that must be faced in the course of regional economy development. Human beings and natural resources are key points of economy development. The economy with regional characteristics is an important approach of mountain areas development. Zhenba county is one of agricultural poverty counties in the Qingba Mountain areas. It is a fact that has numerous population and unenlightened economy. The necessity ways of economy with regional characteristics are to develop traditional agriculture and stockbreeding, empolder regional natural resources, and introduce the third industry.

  On the Agricultural Technology Popularization System of China Yuan Jidong, Liao Yuncheng, Li Haihua 2005, 21 (6):  470-470.  Abstract + ( 1072 )   PDF ( 1144977KB )   ( 792 ) With the constant perfection of the market economy of China, popularizing the system and mechanism in national agricultural technology popularization system based on the original planned economy condition, popularizing costs, extension staff quality, popularize legal construction, etc can meet development of market economy far already. As to this, the author puts forward and sets up the agricultural technology popularization system which meets the market economy demand, increase governmental investment, is it popularize team quality while being agrotechnical to improve, strengthen agricultural technology popularization legal construction, etc. countermeasure, perfect the agricultural technology popularization system of China.

  Implementing Scientific Outlook of Development, Facilitating the Development of Modern Agriculture Xin Jun 2005, 21 (6):  473-473.  Abstract + ( 1175 )   PDF ( 1131209KB )   ( 428 ) Modern agriculture is a comprehensive, dynamic and developmental concept. According to integrated regionalization of agriculture and status of modern agricultural development in China, four types of agriculture, i.e. foreign-oriented agriculture, high efficiency and intensive agriculture, water-saving dry-land agriculture and peri-urban agriculture, are used for modern agricultural development.

  Theory and Model of Agricultural Industrialisation Upgrade and Transform Yang Xiongnian 2005, 21 (6):  476-476.  Abstract + ( 1240 )   PDF ( 1217238KB )   ( 528 ) Under the basement of industrialisation theory of upgrade and transform, including framework, advantage, economy, technology etc. the crucial issues and assuring measures, which conclude of recombine organizations, modulate frameworks, optimize distributions and so on, are advised, with the analysis of the evolvemental rules and phrases of agricultural industrialisation upgrade and the developmental trend of agriculture and other correlative industries.

  Thoughts of Urbanization and “San Nong” Ding Sheng, Zhan Meisheng 2005, 21 (6):  480-480.  Abstract + ( 1590 )   PDF ( 1394215KB )   ( 582 ) It is well known that china is a big country with the mainstay of agriculture, which to a large part, affects the condition of economic development. This article analyzes the problems in developing agriculture, debates about solving problem in agriculture development through urbanization and gives some idea of development through urbanization.

  Conditions and Research on Flow of Anhui Province’s Rural Lands Sheng Baozhu, Wang Yuanhao, Wu Yunchuan 2005, 21 (6):  485-485.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 1357139KB )   ( 728 ) In recent years, along with the development of Chinese agriculture and rural economic, especially the agriculture industrialization turn the rise of the management with the rural force transfer, the speed of the land usufruct flows which is called “the third land revolution” is more obviously and quickly, and the scale extends continuously and form various variety, and which is the necessary road of our agriculture heads into modernization is the beneficial complement to the family contract system. The different region flows in different way, and every district positively quest valid forms in locale land usage and the acceleration of land flows. After WTO entry, accompany with the meeting of commitment, our agriculture faces changes from protection and closing to the situation of free competition with other country’s agriculture. The lands flow that appears in the Anhui province is exactly a positive quest to the problem of contradictive agriculture.

  Research and Assessment of Landlord Economy System in Ancient China Wang Wenliang, Fan Zhimin ,Wang Na 2005, 21 (6):  490-490.  Abstract + ( 1143 )   PDF ( 1126429KB )   ( 474 ) The traditional way in research on the historical politics, economy and culture grants high priority on farmers and their class ,while neglected too much of the negative influence of landlords as the majority class in the Feudalism society. Despite their political corruption and exploitation of landlord system their economic make-up demonstrate a position effect which is beyond the farmers’ reach and worth objective research and assessment.

  Disparity Analyzing and Countermeasure of Western Countryside Education Dou Penghui，Luo lie，Gu Xiaoyong 2005, 21 (6):  493-493.  Abstract + ( 1531 )   PDF ( 1367670KB )   ( 614 ) Since the government implemented the develop-the-west strategy, enormous changes has taken place in every undertaking of western society. Although Western countryside education has obtained relative development on many scale such as people’s degree of receiving education in countryside, investment of education, teaching conditions, teachers’ qualities and construction of vocational education’s system , there is still greater disparity compared with other developed areas’ countryside. At the same time, the rural educational undertaking of west still has many restrict factors such as lack of education funds, poor condition of education ,unreasonable arrangement of courses and shortage of non-agricultural professional educational institution ,etc. This article puts forward several countermeasures and suggestions on developing western countryside education on the basis of surveying and studying disparity.

  Thinking on Promoting Development of Lentinula Edodes Industry in South Shanxi Li Yuemei 2005, 21 (6):  498-498.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 1155286KB )   ( 607 ) Based on analysing the advantages and potentiality of Lentinula edodes industry of South Shanxi, the problems and shortcomings were discussed, including small productive site and lower yield per unit area and quality and non-fluent business and non-perfect service system, etc. Some corresponding development countermeasures and advisable policies were put forward: the understanding on Lentinula edodes industry should be raised, the leadership and management should be improved, the leading businesses and producing bases should be constructed, the perfect service system should be established, the brand strategy should be practiced, the power of scientific research and technical broadcast should be strengthened, the market should be exploited in and out of the world.