Abstract: Summarized the Ephedra sinica Stapf tissue culture and advance research of molecular biology from organ regeneration of Ephedra sinica Stapf tissue culture, callus inducing and differentiation, cell suspending culture, female-gamete in vitro culture of Ephedra sinica Stapf and haploid plantlet regeneration, developing-anatomy of callus re-differentiation and molecular biology, et al. At the same time of researching the increasing the multiplication coefficient, should pay more attention to the inter-process-study from test-tube-plantlet to field plant, to realize the factory-producing plantlet, to solve the problem of being short of scale manning-cultivation species. To establish the stable theory bases of choiceness gene induced, expression and breeding of high yield and high ephedrine content through series research the molecular biology.