Abstract: In order to study the correlation on wheat production and climate change, and realize wheat production level continuous improvement, took Xiping County as an example. This paper analyzed the meteorological factors and winter wheat production in the past 15 years, combined with the cultivation test on high yield and high efficiency. The main factor on the sustainable upgrading of wheat production capacity was breed layout optimization and cultivation technology level improvement at the rainfed area in southern Henan Province. The yield potential of semi-winter wheat varieties increased 399.6 kg/hm2 than that of spring wheat varieties. The soil moisture content straw mulch could be improved by 2.75 to 3.2 percentage points in 0~10 cm. Yield increased to 7.7%, 10.2%, 5.2% and 6.6% by the control of aphis, fusarium head blight, Sheath Blight Disease and bacterial leaf blight. Finally, it summed up the reasonable breed layout and optimization of sowing date and seeding quantity for the foundation, high-efficiency of rainfall using and insect pests integrated control measures is the key technology of wheat high-yield and high-efficiency technology.