Abstract: In order to improve the ability of wheat breeding in Yunnan Province, this article studied variety genetic diversity and correlation analysis of the varieties introduced from abroad and population to a large area in nearly 50 years in Yunnan Province. The results indicated that, the frequency distribution of spike shape, hull color, grain color, grain quality, full degree was concentrated, genetic diversity was low. Growth period, seedlings, the highest tiller number, effective panicles, effective tiller, plant height, grain number per spike, spike length, spikelet number, nor spikelet number, 1000-grain weight, empty grain number, grain weight per liter, yield had greater coefficient of variability, range from 1.22% to 28.36%, all agronomic traits tested showed great diversity indexes, ranging from 1.4105 to 2.0381 with an average of 1.7321, which showed this 13 germplasm had great diversity. Seedlings was significantly and positively related to maximum tiller number, effective spike, the correlation coefficient was respectively 0.555, 0.76. The highest number of tillers and effective spike was highly significant positive correlation, the correlation coefficient was 0.66, basic seedling was the basis of tiller number and effective spike, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight, basic seedling is significant negative correlation, the correlation coefficient is respectively 0.66, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight, basic seedling was a yield paradox, yield was positively correlated with basic seedling, maximum tiller number, effective tiller, 1000-grain weight, growth period was positive, significantly negatively to empty grain number, the correlation coefficient was -0.63. Therefore, without affecting the rotation under the premise, choosing a longer growing variety, appropriately increase the seeding quantity, improve the basic seedling, strengthen field management, promote tillering, increase the rate of useful spike and 1000-grain weight, reduce empty grains was an useful method to obtain high yield.