Abstract: The grain output increases for the first nine consecutive years in 2012 for half a century and it maintained steady at more than 501.5 million tons for 6 consecutive years of China in 2007. Based on the potential of grain production in China，the theoretical and practical analysis, we can see many factors affect the grain growth potential to predict great potential of China's grain production. Several ways can be used to increase the sown area of grain, increase the level of grain production, and improve the potential growth of grain.