Current issue

• 2013 Vol.29 No.35 Published:15 December 2013

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  Research Advances about the Allelopathy Applications of Forage 2013, 29 (35):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1735 Abstract + ( 835 )   PDF ( 533889KB )   ( 622 ) Allelopathy is a chemical defense mechanism, which is a universal phenomenon in plants. It plays a significant role in growth, development and competition of plants. In order to solve the problems coming from agricultural production and ecological balance effectively, the paper summarized the allelopathy applications of forage in weed control, mixed planting, biological invasions and ecological restoration, including the research progress, application methods and current problems. For future research on the allelopathy applications of forage, proposed that both laboratory experiments and field experiments should be designed, the environmental conditions in allelopathy should be analysed objectively, the mechanism of allelochemicals should be explored deeply.

  Growth Comparison and Correlation Analysis for the Body Size and Weight Index of Different Receptor Embryo-transfer Holstein Cow 2013, 29 (35):  7-16.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1696 Abstract + ( 630 )   PDF ( 692679KB )   ( 465 ) The adaptation of embryo-transferred Holstein dairy cows to the ecological condition of Jiuquan was evaluated in this paper through the study of growing indexes of the Holstein cows of different receptors in Jiuquan Area. The indexes of body size and weight of 45 embryo-transferred Holstein offspring of Local-crossbred cows, Simmental-crossbred cows and Chinese holstein cows in Jiuquan Area of Gansu in different periods of 0-day, 6-month and 12-month were examined respectively by the method of comparing their growing indexes and analyzing the correlation. The results showed that the body size and weight of cows of these three kinds of receptors increased with age, and their body height, weight and bust size grew rapidly in the first 12 months, but the circumference of their cannon bone grew slowly. The correlation coefficients of their body size and weight in these three stages were all above 0.90, and there was a highly statistical significance among the correlation coefficients (P=0.000<0.01). And there was a significantly positive correlation and a very good linearity between body size and body weight. The embryo-transferred Holstein cows had strong adaptation to the eco-climatic conditions of Jiuquan Area.

  Analysis on Polymorphism of CAST Gene in Gansu Local Cattle and Its Relationships with Meat Quality Trait 2013, 29 (35):  17-22.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1096 Abstract + ( 929 )   PDF ( 1182354KB )   ( 412 ) Analysis on polymorphism of CAST gene in Gansu Local Cattle and its relationship with meat quality trait. Polymorphisms in CAST gene were identified with PCR-RFLP analysis in Gansu local cattle. The association between genotype markers and meat traits were estimated by least squares using a linear model that included effects of locus and genotype appropriate interactions. The results showed that Polymorphisms of the CAST gene were evidenced three SNP locus T750C, A557G ,G556T, and 351 InDelGTT T/C mutation. Analysis of CAST gene in the Hga I locus there was little evidence of genotypic differences in meat quality traits. Analysis of CAST gene in the Hpy188 III locus these cattles with the AT genotype had a greater shear force than that of AA. Analysis of CAST gene in the Acl I locus these cattles with the Hh genotype had a greater shear force than that of HH. Cattle with the HH genotype had a greater pressing loss percentage than that of hh. There was little evidence of genotypic differences in meat quality traits. CAST gene were established the theory of a candidate molecular marker for meat quality trait.

  Effects of Low-Protein Diets on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Fecal Nitrogen of Chinese Color-feathered Chicken 2013, 29 (35):  23-28.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1534 Abstract + ( 694 )   PDF ( 532658KB )   ( 420 ) This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of low-protein diets on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and fecal nitrogen content of Chinese color-feathered chicken. Two hundred and twenty five one-day-old Chinese color-feathered chickens were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. Chickens were fed with 2-phase (1 to 28 days of age and 29 to 56 days of age). Three diets were formulated for each phase. The control group fed diets with crude protein level of 21% during 1 to 28 days of age and 18% during 29 to 56 days of age. The experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ fed diets with the crude protein levels 1 and 2 percentages less than the control diet, respectively. But the essential amino acids were equal to the control group diet by supplementing crystalline amino acids. This experiment lasted 56 days, The results showed as follows: (1)There were no significant differences in average daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed/gain among 3 groups during 1 to 28, 29 to 56 and 1 to 56 days of age (P>0.05). (2) At 28 and 56 days of old, no significant differences in serum total protein, urea nitrogen contents and uric acid were found among 3 groups (P>0.05). (3) Compared with the control group, the fecal nitrogen content in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly reduced by 5.98% and 11.23% in 1 to 28 days of age and by 8.09% and 11.88% in 29 to 56 days of age (P<0.05), respectively. It was concluded that reducing dietary crude protein level 1 to 2 percentages have no significant effects on growth performance and serum biochemical indices, while significantly decrease fecal nitrogen content of Chinese color-feathered chicken under the premise of meeting the amino acid requirements.

  Study on the Growth and Development of Guizhou Black Horse Goat 2013, 29 (35):  29-33.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1382 Abstract + ( 685 )   PDF ( 590445KB )   ( 677 ) In order to understand the growth and development characteristics of Guizhou Black Horse Goat and provide useful information for rearing lambs, meat goat fattenning, grassland monitoring, feeding and management. The growing development and meat performance was analyzed by the actual observation, experiment measurement, transverse and longitudinal comparison methods. The results showed that the bodyweight of 6-month-old male and ewe Guizhou Black Horse Goat was (18.46±3.29) kg and (17.35±3.23) kg, respective, significantly higher than the Guizhou Black Goat (P<0.05). The bodyweight of yearling ram and yearling does was respectively (29.39±5.51) kg, (24.53±5.67) kg. Adult ram and adult does weight was (40.08±7.73) kg and (34.90±6.56) kg, respectively, significantly higher than the Guizhou Black Goat (P<0.01). The dressing percentage of yearling ram and adult wether was 48.50% and 51.61%. The growth rate was best in 0—3 months of age, and which daily gain was 129.56, 126.33 g respective on ram and does. The daily gain was of 0—6 months-old ram and does was 88.12 and 84.59 g, and other month declined gradually. The growth and development law of Guizhou Black Horse Goat has been explored. Its growth speed was better than Guizhou Black Goat. Guizhou Black Horse Goat has its unique physical characteristics, genetic stability, so it was necessary to speed up the breeding progress.

  Research on root exudates of Medicago sativl and allelopathic effect Of typical exudation 3,5-di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 2013, 29 (35):  34-41.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-3983 Abstract + ( 996 )   PDF ( 687767KB )   ( 529 ) In order to investigate the allelopathic effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) and the relationship of water competition with the allelopathic effect under the drought condition, Root-exudates of alfalfa seedlings were extracted by dichloromethane, and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined instrument (GC-MS). The bio-characteristics of typical exudation which were 3,5-di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde were tested through germination experiment. The results reflected that root exudates of alfalfa mainly included straight-chain alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, alcohols, methyl thiophenol, benzene, phenols, esters, heterocyclic aniline, naphthylamine, phenolic acids and polycyclic aromatic compounds. At high concentrations, 3,5-di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde inhibited sprouting of the seedlings planted in sand more serious than the dry root weight. When water was inadequate, whether mono or mixed sowing, wheat growth was inhibited, the competition was greater than allelopathy. Under the condition of the sufficient water supplied, multiple systems were better than mono system, and allelopathic effect of intercropping showed less negative effect on harvest index than mono cropping. Intercropping of alfalfa and wheat under the stress of the dry environment, competition was greater than allelopathy.

  Evaluation of Intensive Land Use for Pig-farm Land:A Case of Progenitor Pig Farm in Wushan County, Chongqing 2013, 29 (35):  42-46.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0742 Abstract + ( 636 )   PDF ( 615412KB )   ( 467 ) In order to develop a evaluating model about intensive land use for pig-farm land, and find the ways to alleviate contradictions such as lacking of construction land quota. The methods of documentation and mathematical model were employed in this paper. The results indicated that: it had reached the level of intensive land use but the land-structure was unreasonable. Volume rate was low and there were still some idle land. Then it was concluded four measures about how to improve the intensive level of land use.

  The Analysis of the Blood Biochemical Indices and Correlation of Youzhou Black Goat 2013, 29 (35):  47-52.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1227 Abstract + ( 1022 )   PDF ( 518976KB )   ( 582 ) Youzhou Black Goat, confirmed to be a national genetic resource by the ovine committee in National Commission for Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources in 2009, was characterized by black skin and flesh and thus has been highly regarded. Here, we examined the 12 blood biochemical indicators of this special goat to evaluate its germplasm characteristics. We demonstrated that the enzymatic activities of serum TP and GLOB in 3-4 years old goats were significantly higher than those in younger animals (P<0.05), and no differences were observed between 0-1, 1-2, and 2-3 years old team (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in each biochemical indicator between male and female (P>0.05). Correlation analysis of biochemical indicators suggests that there was markedly positive correlation between some indicators (P<0.01 or P<0.05 ), such as ALT/AST, ALT/ALB, ALT/TC, ALT/HDL-C, ALT/CK, and ALT/LDH, et al. Whereas, there was significant negative correlation between other indicators(P<0.01 or P<0.05), such as TP/A or G, GLOB/ A or G, and GLOB/LDL-C. As for relationship between biochemical indicators and phenotypes, the results indicated that ALT, TG, and LDL-C seem to be negative indicators fot body length, while LDL-C and ALT appear to be also negative indicators for chest circumference and femal body weight, respectively. The blood biochemical indicators could be used for evaluation of health as well as reference for animal breeding in future.

  On the Expressions Level of EGXA Gene in the Stomach, Intestines, Hepatopancreas of Pomacea canaliculata 2013, 29 (35):  53-57.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1567 Abstract + ( 764 )   PDF ( 1044859KB )   ( 586 ) To investigate the expression of EGXA (the multi-functional enzyme with the activities of exo-β-1,4-glucanase, endo-β-1,4-glucanase and endo-β-1,4-xylanase) gene in different digestive organs of Pomacea canaliculata, the expression amount of the EGXA gene in the snail's stomach, intestine, hepatopancreas was evaluated by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technique. The results showed that the expression levels (2-⊿⊿Ct) of EGXA gene in the snail's stomach, intestine, hepatopancreas were 1.56±0.13, 0.08±0.01, 0.12±0.03 respectively. It suggested that the EGXA was secreted by the stomach of Pomacea canaliculata chiefly.

  The Effect Upon Blood Index of Some Sheep Groups from Different Energy Level Daily Ration 2013, 29 (35):  58-62.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1701 Abstract + ( 595 )   PDF ( 494225KB )   ( 510 ) For studying the effects of different energy rations on blood physiological and biochemical indexes of Lanzhou Fat-Tailed Sheep, Small-Tailed Han sheep, Tibetan sheep and high hybrid German Merino. 120 sheep (Lanzhou Fat-Tailed sheep (n=30), Small-Tailed Han sheep (n=30), Tibet sheep (n=30) and high hybrid German Merino (n=30)) within well-developed, same age and weight were selected in the study, respectively. Every group was divided equally into three subgroups randomly and each subgroup had 10. The contents of blood glucose(GLU), total protein(TP), albumin(ALB), globulin(GLO), triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(CHO), high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) were determined by Automatic Chemistry Analyzer. The results showed that: With the increasing levels of dietary energy, the contents of TP, ALB, GLO were reduced in the same groups. however, the percent of TG and total CHO of blood under high energy ration was significantly higher than intermediate and low energy ration (P<0.05), at the same energy ration, the GLU percent in the blood of Small-Tailed Han sheep and Tibetan sheep was significantly (P<0.05) or very significantly (P<0.01) lower than Lanzhou Fat-Tailed sheep and high hybrid German Merino. The contents of total (TP), (ALB) and (GLO) in the blood of Lanzhou Fat-Tailed sheep and Small-Tailed Han sheep was significantly (P<0.05) or very significantly (P<0.01) higher than Tibetan Sheep and high hybrid Germany Merino.

  The Establishment of Fetal Sheep Fibroblasts Cell Line Transfected withVector Containing TLR4 Gene 2013, 29 (35):  63-68.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1116 Abstract + ( 750 )   PDF ( 1082730KB )   ( 488 ) In order to use the Liposome-mediated method to obtain high-level expression of TLR4 gene sheep fetal fibroblast cells as competent donor cells, which was flexible for the in-vitro screen progress to make sure the effective donor cells before embryo transplantation. The preparation of competent donor cell was critical for the production efficiency of transgenic sheep by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In this experiment, the ovine fetal fibroblast was transfected by lipofection with the reconstructed vector containing the target TLR4, neo and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP, report gene) genes. Then, they were selected by G418 and detected by EGFP positively. Finally, the stable transgenic ovine fetal fibroblast cell line being over expressed TLR4, was established by identification from both morphological and molecular levels. The results showed that using the optimizing ratio of liposome and the TLR4 vector to go to transfect the fetal sheep fibroblast, then selected and purified, we got 3 different positive clones. Compared the non-transfected fetal sheep cells, the clone of highest expression of TLR4 was transfected in the passage 2, and analyzed by reverse transcription PCR and Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, its TLR4 level increased 9.65 times (P<0.01). Collectively, these stable express high level TLR4 donor cells would contributed for breeding new transgenic sheep breed with somewhat anti-disease characteristic, and would be beneficial to provide competent transgenic donor cells for the production of transgenic animal.

  Effect of Temperature and pH on Digestive Enzyme Activities of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus 2013, 29 (35):  69-74.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1053 Abstract + ( 906 )   The effects of temperature and pH value on digestive enzyme activities of adult Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were investigated. Folin-phenol, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and p-nitrophenol were prepared to determine the activities of protease, amylase and lipase in M. anguillicaudatus intestine and hepatopancrea. The optimum temperatures of protease, amylase and lipase in intestine were 40℃, 45℃ and 35℃, respectively. The optimum temperatures of protease, amylase and lipase in hepatopancreas were 30℃, 40℃ and 35℃, respectively. All the optimum pH values of three digestive enzymes in intestine or hepatopancreas were 7.2. The A/P values both in intestine and hepatopancreas were greater than 1. The results suggested that the dietary of M. anguillicaudatus could be increased with the rise of water temperature at the appropriate range for M. anguillicaudatus cultivation. M. anguillicaudatus was more like herbivorous, and more capable digestibility for carbohydrate. The formulation of M. anguillicaudatus diet might be more proportion of carbohydrate, it could fulfill the requirement of nutrition and be more commercial.

  Effects of Starvation Stress on Antioxidant Capacity in Hepatopancreas of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 2013, 29 (35):  75-79.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1239 Abstract + ( 758 )   PDF ( 576093KB )   ( 506 ) This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of starvation stress on antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Eighty fishes with an average weight of (11.52±2.85) g were divided into four parallel groups, and were starved for 14 d, the hepatopancreas were collected for determining the content of malonaldehyde (MDA), the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) on 1st, 7th and 14th day. The content of MDA and the level of T-AOC decreased at the beginning of the starvation, and then increased as the starvation time passed, with their peak on the 14th day of starvation, which were significantly higher than those in the 1st day of starvation (P<0.05). The activities of SOD and CAT increased gradually as the starvation time extended, the activities in the 14th day of starvation were significantly higher than those in the 1st day of starvation (P<0.05). The results indicated that the content of MDA, the activities of antioxidant enzyme and the level of T-AOC in hepatopancreas of tilapia could be increased, and the oxidative damage in hepatopancreas could be aggravated with the starvation time extended.

  The Sediment Oxygen Demand in the Integrated Prawn and Solenidae Ponds 2013, 29 (35):  80-83.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2275 Abstract + ( 868 )   PDF ( 465799KB )   ( 580 ) The effects of different water temperature and organic materials on sediment oxygen demand (SOD) in different prawn ponds were studied in this paper. The sediments from ponds in different sites were collected for the study of SOD in prawn monoculture pond and polyculture ponds with prawn and solenidae. The results showed that under two different aquaculture patterns, SOD increased as the experimental temperature increased, showing the power law model (prawn and clam polyculture ponds, the equation is y=0.1525e0.0717x，R2=0.968，P<0.01, prawn monoculture pond prawn monoculture pond is y=0.1591e0.0816x ，R2=0.971，P<0.01). The SOD of sediment increased linearly with organic matter content (P<0.05). Under different breeding modes, the discrepancy of SOD between prawn single ponds and mixed ponds is highly significant (P<0.01). Under the same breeding mode, SOD at beginning of the trials is less than that at late-stage. In the same breeding time, the SOD of prawns in single ponds is more than that of mixed ponds.

  The character of fish fauna and fish species composition in winter and spring in the lower reach (Dandong section) of Yalu River 2013, 29 (35):  84-88.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1325 Abstract + ( 776 )   PDF ( 567155KB )   ( 455 ) From November in 2011 to May in 2012，fish species composition and fish fauna in the lower reach of Yalu River were studied. The results showed that：a total of 33 species were collected，the most species-rich orders were Cypriniformes（12 species） and Perciformes（8 species）. The composition of fish fauna is relatively complex，native fish，temperate water fish，and fish lived in a steady water or the slow water were dominant；the fish in the lower reach of Yalu River belong to different ecological types in migration，water temperature tolerance and feeding habit. The fish community type in Dandong reach of Yalu River was the type of eatuary fishery community. The fish germplasm resources were precious，so it is necessary for us to further strengthen the protection of the ecological environment，pay attention to water pollution in the lower reach of Yalu River.

  Genetic diversity analysis of Hypophthal michthys molitrix between wild and stock enhancement based on mitochondrial control region sequences in the Poyang Lake water system 2013, 29 (35):  89-95.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1527 Abstract + ( 909 )   PDF ( 623900KB )   ( 521 ) Study on the genetic diversity and Population genetic characteristics of Hypophthal michthys molitrix between wild and stock enhancement in the Poyang Lake water system using by PCR and DNA sequencing. Complete sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region (935bp) of 54 silver carps from Ruichang( RL),Gan river (RL) and stock enhancement (SL) were directly sequenced, of which 3 gaps , 41 variable sites and all parsimony –informative sites were detected in 24 haplotypes. The average ratio of transitions vs transversions was 14.344. In the neighbor-joining tree individuals from various localities were intertwined without genealogical and geographic clusters. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the variation was from the within population, FST=0.22388 also indicated that the genetic variation was from within the population mainly. Genetic distances among 3 populations were 0.01035～0.01634, and Fst value were 0.08252～0.39171, indicating that between the three population groups were significant genetic differentiation. The haplotpic diversity of wild and stock enhancement of silver carps were 0.727、0.978 and 0.947,respectively, Their The haplotpic diversity of GL,RI and SL population were 0.00897、0.01135 and 0.00978, respectively. As silver carps in Ruichang were composed of the most abundant genetic diversity in the 3 sampled sites, secondly was population of stock enhancement, The haplotpic diversity and haplotpic diversity of Gan river population were the very lowest , Gan river should be as priority conservation areas.

  Cloning and Expression Analysis of β-actin Gene from Paramisgurnus dabryanus 2013, 29 (35):  96-101.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1734 Abstract + ( 619 )   PDF ( 1916028KB )   ( 556 ) The present experiment was conducted to obtain and analyzed cDNA sequence of β-actin gene from Paramisgurnus dabryanus, and to study the tissue expression characterization of β-actin mRNA in P. dabryanus. The complete β-actin cDNA sequences were obtained from the P. dabryanus muscle tissue using RT-PCR and RACE methods. The complete β-actin cDNA of P. dabryanus was 1710 bp in length, containing an open reading frame of 1128bp (encoding 375 amino acids), flanked by 73 bp 5'UTR and 509 bp 3'UTR. Sequence analysis indicated that the P. dabryanus β-actin exhibits more than 98% amino acid identity and 87% nucleotide identity with the β-actin of other fishes. Phylogenetic assay indicated that the β-actin gene of P. dabryanus was highly conserved during evolution. Results from quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed the β-actin gene is widely expressed in different organs including skeletal muscle, heart, liver, spleen, intestine, stomach, testis and ovary. The result provided sequence information not only for analyzing gene expression of P. dabryanus using β-actin gene as internal control, but for molecular systematic research of P. dabryanus.

  Analysis on the Change of 30 Year’s Soybean Areas, Production and Yield in China and Northeast China 2013, 29 (35):  102-106.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-4055 Abstract + ( 1217 )   PDF ( 513541KB )   ( 918 ) The each year soybean planting area, production, yield of Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province and all over China during the 1981-2010 period were divided into three year stages, then, the change of soybean planting area, production, yield of each phase was analyzed with completely random method for the soybean production, scientific research work to be reference. The results showed that, with the increase of the stage, the national and Heilongjiang soybean planting area and production had been increasing, especially, of the recent 10 years increased significantly or extremely significantly than that of 1991-2000; although the average soybean yields of the national and Heilongjiang Province during 1991-2000 increased very significantly by 25.16% and 24.54% respectively than that of 1981-1990, compared with the 1991-2000 period, the yield of the national only increased by 1.71%, of Heilongjiang Province decreased 5.75% during 2001-2010 period. Compared with the 1981-1990 period, the recent 20 year soybean planting area of Jilin Province and Liaoning Province reduced significantly or extremely significantly, but the soybean yield raised obviously. During the period of 2001-2010, the soybean yield of Jilin and Liaoning increased by 26.96% and 35.21% very significantly than that of 1991-2000 respectively. During the period of 1991-2000, the soybean yield of Jilin Province increased by 20.85% significantly than that of 1981-1990, Liaoning Province increased by 18.54%. In the past 10 years, the reduction reason of the average soybean yield of Heilongjiang Province mainly resulted from continuous and every other one year cropping soybean, the very significant increases in average soybean yield of Jilin Province and Liaoning Province in provided it. So, the reasonable rotation system is an important basis for soybean yield sustainable increase.

  The propose and discussion about XIANG-GAN(in Chinese) economic cooperative development new mode which based on the city symmetry theory of academician YE Da-nian 2013, 29 (35):  107-112.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0098 Abstract + ( 682 )   PDF ( 755778KB )   ( 475 ) From the actual conditions of HUNAN and JIANGXI, based on the city symmetry theory of academician YE Da-nian, combined with the universal and complementarity of XIANG-GAN economic development, one New Mode of XIANG-GAN economic cooperative development especially City-city cooperation which was announced. After analysis, this new mode can be easily found which can give full play to regional advantage; realize the complementary advantages from resources, information and technology of two provinces. And this new mode can also be easily found which can improve the competitiveness of the two provinces characteristic industry; promote the two provinces and the central region development. And the implementation of this new mode can be bring an important guiding significance of the strategy of central China rise.

  Empirical Analysis on the Peasant Households’ Behavior of Bees Resorces Protection and Renting Bees for Pollination—Based on the Investigations of Shandong and Fujian provinces liu peng 2013, 29 (35):  113-119.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2000 Abstract + ( 639 )   PDF ( 638516KB )   ( 434 ) Bee pollination is not only an important link between the maintenance of ecological balance, but also an important factor of production to improve crop yields and quality. According to the actual situation in China,this article suggested enhancing the role of bee pollination in agricultural production,while we should pay more attention to the bees resource protection and to promote the development of bee pollination services market. We found that the willingness of farmers to protect bees higher than rent bees for pollination, 66.83% of the farmers were willing to to protect bee resources to pay a fee, 44.56% intended to rent bees for pollination in agricultural production. "Whether to carrry out bees pollination promotion or bee resources protection project in local" significantly affected the willingness of farmers to protect bees resource and rent honeybees for pollination. In contrast,the protection willingness to pay 19.05% higher and pollination willingness to pay 32.04% higher in bees protection project area than others. The bees resource availability also had a positive role in the promotion of farmers to rent bees for pollination: the willingness of farmers to rent bees for pollination were higher 21.94% in the village that had beekeeping households than not. In addition, the cognition of bees and bees pollination had also a positive effect to bees protection and pollination. Therefore, we should vigorously promote the role of bee pollination in agricultural production, and actively promote the local government to carry out of bee pollination promotion or bees resource conservation projects,at the same time vigorously support the development of beekeeping, and improve beekeeping penetration rate in rural.

  A Dynamic Analysis on Agricultural Total Factor Productivity Based on Malmquist Index——taking Shandong province as an example 2013, 29 (35):  120-126.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0086 Abstract + ( 779 )   PDF ( 630762KB )   ( 523 ) The article uses the Malmquist index method, Investigating the fluctuant trend of Shandong Province agricultural total factor productivity from 2000 to 2011 year, through the Malmquist index decomposition, analyzing the intrinsic motivation of Shandong Province agricultural total factor productivity. The results showed that the agricultural total factor productivity grew at 0.5% annually from 2000 to 2011, wherein, agricultural technical efficiency grew at 1% annually, the agricultural technology progress index fell 0.5% annually, technical progress decline hindered agricultural total factor productivity growth; from the cities situation, there are 10 cities in total factor productivity growth, there are 7 in total factor productivity drops, most technical efficiency to do more effective, technological progress needs to be improved.

  Ecological Security Assessment in County Area Based on P-S-R Model: A Case Study of Ningwu County, Shanxi Province 2013, 29 (35):  127-131.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1818 Abstract + ( 821 )   PDF ( 617667KB )   ( 493 ) In order to understand the status quo and changeable tendency of ecological security in county area, the author took the example of Ningwu County, the headstream of Fenhe River, confronting serious eco-environment problem and considerable human impacts. Taking Ningwu as the study area and using variation coefficient method to determine the weights of the indices, the author built ecological security pattern based on Pressure-State-Response Model of organization for economic cooperation and development. The ecological security status was evaluated by calculating eco-security index with socio-economic statistical data of Ningwu in the recent 10 years. The results showed that: the situation of eco-security had been improved from heavy alarm to relative safety during 2001-2010. It reflected that the ecological economic system in Ningwu County in which a sharp conflict between its ecological environment and its social and economic growth tends to be relaxed constantly. The ecological safety awareness was growing, however, by force of the objective requirements of population growth and economic development, the situation of ecological security was still unstable.

  The Analysis of Influencing Factors on Grain Potential Yield Growth 2013, 29 (35):  132-138.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0360 Abstract + ( 731 )   PDF ( 610473KB )   ( 618 ) The grain output increases for the first nine consecutive years in 2012 for half a century and it maintained steady at more than 501.5 million tons for 6 consecutive years of China in 2007. Based on the potential of grain production in China，the theoretical and practical analysis, we can see many factors affect the grain growth potential to predict great potential of China's grain production. Several ways can be used to increase the sown area of grain, increase the level of grain production, and improve the potential growth of grain.

  The Assessment of Rural Water Poverty Based on A Community Scale——Taking Lizi Village, Hengyang County as An Example 邹君 2013, 29 (35):  139-145.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0385 Abstract + ( 839 )   PDF ( 612228KB )   ( 424 ) In order to explore the present situation of water poverty and its evaluation of rural areas in the south of China, this paper took WPI as the basic framework, combined with the characteristics of water resources system in hilly area of southern China rural community, electing 23 indexes from the condition of water resources, water supply facilities, use of water capacity and efficiency and environmental conditions to establish a set of evaluation index of water poverty for southern rural community. At the same time, it adopted the graded scoring method of quantitative data and constructed a comprehensive index assessment model. Meanwhile, the paper evaluated the water poverty level of Lizi Village in Hengyang County, Hunan Province. The results showed that, the WPI numerical of Lizi Village was 58.91, that was to say this village was in a secondary water poverty state. The water poverty was mainly manifested in the lower utilization of water resources and inefficient use, poor environment condition and the relatively backward water supply and conservancy infrastructure etc. The study showed that the natural condition of water resources in south China rural areas of superior were also likely to exist the different degree of water poverty.

  Study on the Effects of Grain Subsidy Policy in Beijing Based on DEA Model and Questionnaire Survey 2013, 29 (35):  146-151.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1406 Abstract + ( 640 )   PDF ( 753084KB )   ( 538 ) After introducing grain subsidy policy in 2004, the grain production and farmers’ income level in Beijing have been boosted considerably. The scientific assessment on the effects of subsidy policy is the prerequisite for future optimizing and implementing preferential policies for agriculture and farmers. This study firstly summarizes the history and characteristics of Beijing’s grain subsidy policy, based on related government documents and statistical data. Then DEA modeling is employed and questionnaire results are analyzed. The results indicate that the efficiency of grain subsidy policy in Beijing is at high level, but there is still some room for improvement. The policy is implemented well with sound public opinion, but still some problems exist. At last, several policy recommendations are put forward for further policy optimization.

  Combination Forecast of Fujian Rural Per Capita Net Income 2013, 29 (35):  152-157.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0138 Abstract + ( 671 )   PDF ( 629320KB )   ( 813 ) Based on 1978-2011 annual rural per capita net income data, ARMA model, Holt-Winters no seasonal model, quadratic curve model, and gray GM(1,1) mode, this paper establishes the combination forecast model with the weight of every model’s MAPE harmonic average and forecasts Fujian rural per capita net income from 2012 to 2015. The results show that MAPE of combination forecast model is 0.1821% which is higher than any other single forecast model, and average annual growth rate comes to 10.85% during 2012 and 2015.

  The Characteristic of Migrants in Area Where Population of Migrants Surpassed that of Local Residents 2013, 29 (35):  158-161.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2318 Abstract + ( 765 )   PDF ( 574294KB )   ( 467 ) The paper adopted survey of 5557 households in 21 counties where population of migrants surpass that of local residents, which carried out by team of “research on social management“, Center of Research and Development, State Council. The aim of survey was to learn about availability and quality of public service for migrants and analyze their requirement, quality of life and feeling. The survey showed that, the characteristic of migrants living in area where population of migrants surpassed that of local residents was similar with the total migrants. And their average income was lower that urban residents’ per capita disposable income. They were facing bottleneck for human resource upgrading and remained under high strength work condition. It is not optimistic about availability and quality of public service for migrants and less communication with local resident limited migrant individual development in social society. In this circumstance, they still had a strong desire to integrate into the local community.

  Constraints of Agricultural College Library Services for “three rural issues” and Its Countermeasures 2013, 29 (35):  162-165.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0188 Abstract + ( 707 )   PDF ( 523066KB )   ( 443 ) Agricultural college library has unique advantage to serve for “three rural issues”, but there are also many constraints. For example, institutional issues, cost of management, intellectual property. Therefore, agricultural college library should pay attention to establish the concept of service for "three rural issues", innovate service mode for "there rural issues", means of optimization service for "three rural issues", service principles for "three rural Issues", operational mechanism of service for three rural issues.

  Research Progress of Agricultural Machinery System Optimization 2013, 29 (35):  166-169.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0236 Abstract + ( 777 )   PDF ( 479084KB )   ( 578 ) Reviewed the domestic and foreign literatures about mathematical theories of agricultural machinery optimization, and summarized the relevant theories 3 categories, agricultural operations unit must complete their tasks in appropriate period; to consider natural climatic conditions and achieve better economic efficiency of agriculture; spend a minimum operating costs. Then analyzed the principle of typical methods, briefly described their development process, reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of each method in the practical application. Finally, described some applications of computer technology. Pointed out that with the scale expanding of agricultural management, farm machinery system optimization would play a greater role.

  Climate Suitability Evaluation of the Development of Plastic Greenhouses in Jiangsu Province 2013, 29 (35):  170-177.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0249 Abstract + ( 701 )   PDF ( 1903050KB )   ( 649 ) In order to evaluate the climate suitability of plastic canopy facilities development of Jiangsu Province, this study statistics the observation data of 61 stations in Jiangsu Province from 1981 to 2010, used projection pursuit evaluate (Projection Pursuit Evaluate, PPE) model, multiple linear regression interpolation method and inverse distance interpolation method in ArcGIS, we got the resource and the development of facilities agriculture climate suitability spatial distribution of Jiangsu Province. It was concluded that: in spring and winter, the low temperature mainly happened in the northeast of Jiangsu Province, which was seriously influenced by cold air. The happening of the low light decreased by degrees from south to north, and the Hongze Lake area was the largest. The results showed that, the development of Jiangsu plastics canopy suitability was given priority to zonal distribution to, that was, from north to south, and plastic canopy development suitability were also affected by topography influence. The most suitable areas for developing plastic canopy facilities mainly were in the south of the Yangtze River, north of the Yangtze River to Xinhua, Gaoyou, Dongtai a line to regional also was relatively appropriate. The suitability in these areas, which from north of Xinhua, Dongtai a line to regional was relatively poor, the most northern Xuzhou, Lianyungang and Suqian parts were not suitable for development of plastic canopy facilities. The results of the study provided that, the scientific basis for the development of Jiangsu plastics canopy of rational distribution and prevention of meteorological disasters.

  The Research on Loose-leaf Bulk Curing Barn which Heating by Far-infrared 2013, 29 (35):  178-181.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0863 Abstract + ( 848 )   PDF ( 463604KB )   ( 534 ) In order to explore the measures of saving labor force and energy during the development of tobacco agriculture modernization, loose-leaf bulk curing barn which heating by far-infrared was designed and its saving of labor and energy-saving and baking results were investigated. The results showed that, compared with the way of a conventional coal-fired hanging poles’ flue-cured tobacco, the far-infrared loose tobacco curing barn’s tobacco leaf loading density increased 2.3 times, labor costs reduced by 73.6%, environmental pollution was prevented. In addition, using the far-infrared loose tobacco curing barn can improve tobacco leaves’ economic traits and external quality and internal quality significantly.

  Determination of cellulose and hemicellulose in corn straw by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy 2013, 29 (35):  182-186.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0091 Abstract + ( 721 )   PDF ( 763595KB )   ( 607 ) To understand corn straw carbohydrate composition, a corn straw cellulose and hemicellulose contents model was developed using Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). An ideal model was obtained after multiple trial-and-error prediction/validation processes, using spectrum analysis together with partial least squares (PLS) method. Based on this model, influences of different pretreatment methods on corn straw cellulose and hemicellulose contents were investigated. A correlation coefficient of 0.909 was achieved. Compared with the experimental data, the values predicted by this NIRS model have mean relative errors of 2.34% and 2.13% for cellulose and hemicellulose contents, respectively. This model is capable of accurately and quickly analyzing corn straw cellulose and hemicellulose contents at industrial scale, which is beneficial to the utilization of biomass resources and the biomass conversion process.

  An apparatus of ultrasound stimulation for plant growth 2013, 29 (35):  187-192.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1478 Abstract + ( 750 )   PDF ( 621355KB )   ( 723 ) The use of ultrasound for enhancement of various biotechnological processes has received increased attention in recent years. In agricultural science and botany study and application, much interest in the growth and secondary metabolites of plant, have been focussed on the use of ultrasonic stimulation. In order to simplify and reduce cost, meanwhile to generate a superiorly stabilized and accuracy ultrasonic for stimulating plant seeds, tissues and cells. This apparatus outputs different frequency ultrasonic through MAX038 function generator, the LM3886TF chip drives a 90 W power amplifier with sine-wave, which frequency test is finished by the AT89C52 microcontroler, and the frequency can be observed on LED display panel by 82C79 chip. This feedback control system should enable precise exert mutative stimulative frequency and stimulative time to improve multiple species plant growth, development and effect the secondary metabolite biosynthesis of cultured plant cell.

  Features of Biomass-Waste Co-combustion and Environmental Analysis 2013, 29 (35):  193-198.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0143 Abstract + ( 809 )   PDF ( 707996KB )   ( 692 ) Biomass and waste co-combustion has become the hot topic in scientific research and industries. It can not only increase the heating values of wastes, but also reduce air pollution and traffic safety threat resulted from biomass open burning. On the other hand, biomass co-combustion can cause series of environmental problems, such as slag, corrosion and increasing emission of PM10 and dioxin. This paper mainly focuses on the characteristics of biomass and environmental problems associated with biomass and waste co-combustion.

  The Analysis of the Relative Carrying Capacity of Resources Based on Model Modifications in Xinjiang 2013, 29 (35):  199-204.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0547 Abstract + ( 578 )   PDF ( 779482KB )   ( 434 ) The author established the relative carrying capacity of resources index system according to the characteristics of its resources in Xinjiang, in order to further comprehensively research the relative carrying capacity of resources, and improved relative carrying capacity of resources model based on the resource advantage drive and disadvantages constraint principle, joining the wetland resources and forest resources. Then, the relative resources carrying capacity of resources and the space difference of Xinjiang states (city) were analyzed by the improved model. The results showed that: the addition of natural wetland resources and forest resources and the relative carrying capacity of resources index system were studied from aspects of the relative carrying capacity of resources. The carrying capacity of resources from the horizontal comparison of view, economic resources capacity row in the first place, natural wetland resources capacity rowed at the bottom of that. Economic resources in Xinjiang was the development of relative advantage resources, and natural wetland resources in Xinjiang was the development of disadvantage the resource, which it accorded with the characteristics of the development of arid region. In Xinjiang, 15 ground state (city), the bearing status to serious overload of Shihezi City, Kashi, Hetian, Yili 4 regions, bearing status to very abundance of Bazhou, Karamay, Altay Region, Tacheng Region, and Changji, 5 areas. From the serious overload degree and very abundance degree contrast to see, Xinjiang around the state (city) presented population overload area overload degrees higher, the surplus population area surplus degree lower characteristics. The population was lower than the relatively comprehensive carrying capacity of all the additional state (city) the proportion of the number for 60%, these areas land area accounted for the 64% of the total area, Xinjiang area that most of the relative carrying capacity of resources condition was good, the future population development space larger.

  Progress of Carbon Cycle Research in arid and semi-arid areas Ecosystem of China 2013, 29 (35):  205-210.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0275 Abstract + ( 1161 )   PDF ( 521163KB )   ( 1092 ) Arid and semi-arid area covered a vast and continuous region and plays an important role in terrestrial ecosystems, thus research in carbon cycle of arid and semi-arid areas ecosystem was contributive to estimating terrestrial ecosystems carbon storage and understanding the process of carbon cycle. The basic concepts of carbon cycle were outlined, different environment factors (such as solar radiation, temperature, water conditions and so on) of carbon cycle and present carbon flux researches in arid and semi-arid areas were summarized. There were still some weaknesses of the carbon cycle research in arid and semi-arid areas ecosystem of China. At last, the future research trends in carbon cycle research in China arid and semi-arid areas ecosystem were put forward: (1) carbon cycle research in different time and space scale ;(2) physical, chemistry and biological process research of carbon source and carbon sink; (3) studies from the system and the whole angle; (4) draw up a unified method of field monitoring and test.

  The Economic Value of Yellow River Coastal Wetland Based on Emergy Evaluation 2013, 29 (35):  211-217.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1857 Abstract + ( 652 )   PDF ( 1011457KB )   ( 501 ) The economic value of Yellow River coastal wetland was evaluated by ecological emergy theory and methods established by H.T.Odum. The result showed that: renewable energy resources was 3.16×1020 sej, non-renewable energy resources was 2.94×1020 sej, socio-economic feedback reached 3.37×1021 sej. Among the various emergy output, the value of ecosystem services was 8.54×1022 sej, which was the largest proportion of capital-output, indicating the ecosystem services of Yellow River coastal wetland was enormous; the following part was aquatic products and the emergy value was 1.47×1022 sej, which indicated the Yellow River coastal wetlands had great product-output value; the primary productivity was 1.95×1020 sej, the emergy value of waterfowl, zooplankton and benthos were 3.37×1021 sej, 2.59×1021 sej and 1.06×1021 sej, respectively; eco-tourism and research work value were 1.26×1020 sej and 3.87×1020 sej, respectively. On this basis, a comprehensive index of wetland emergy evaluation system was established, and the eco-economic system of Yellow River coastal wetland was found working better, having higher efficiency of output and greater advantages in various industrial modes of coastal wetlands, while the negative effect was highlighted. In a word, this study analyzed the indicators of sustainable energy, and provided recommendations for sustainable development of Yellow River coastal wetlands.

  Study on Ecosystem Service Values Based on Land Use Change in Ejina Oasis 2013, 29 (35):  218-224.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0380 Abstract + ( 720 )   PDF ( 672517KB )   ( 343 ) In recent years there were severe variations in land use of Ejina Oasis. Studies on the variation state of its ecosystem service value could supply scientific basis for protection and restoration of regional eco-environment. Based on the land-used basic data from 1987, 1999, 2008, combined with the research area’s actual situation, revised the values per unit area of ecosystem services in China, the effects of land use change on ecosystem service values and functions of Ejina Oasis in 1987-2009 were analyzed. The results showed that: the ecosystem service values had a changing trend of first decrease and then increased during 1987-2009. The total value of ecosystem services decreased from 79.32×108 Yuan in 1987 to 75.52×108 Yuan, then increased to 78.14×108 Yuan in 2009. Area change of forest, grass land, crop land, water body, desert and its’ values had been changed very similarity. This indicated different land use area change was the key influence factors of ecosystem service values variation in Ejina. Comparison analyzed on the ratio of land use change and the ratio of values contributions, forest, grass land and water body contributed 95% values by 10% area. This proved its’ tremendous effect on ecosystem service values. For the various land use patterns, the coefficients of sensitivity of their ecosystem service value were all less than 1, which indicated that the changes in the value of ecosystem was lack of flexibility.

  Research on Strategy Analysis of Low-slop Hilly Land Resources Development 2013, 29 (35):  225-229.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0083 Abstract + ( 810 )   PDF ( 822483KB )   ( 711 ) In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization, the contradiction between protecting cultivated land and guaranteeing contradiction land is rising. The situation of protecting cultivated land is very serious, especially high quality cultivated land. In order to deal with the relationship between urbanization and cultivated land protection properly, control town construction sprawling in dam and promote sustainable development of economy and society, in this paper, according to Yunnan special natural geographical environment, contraposing actual situation of low-slope hilly land resources, using analytic hierarchy process AHP-SWOT method, the writers have made a quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis on low-slope hilly land resources development and utilization strategy of Yiliang County, to provide scientific guidance and reference significance for relevant departments to develop low-slope hilly land resources. The preliminary research results showed that: it was an effective way to solve the problem causing by economic and social development and cultivated land protection, improving the whole society to aware low-slope hilly land resources development and utilization was important and necessary. Before developing low-slope hilly land, it was indispensable to carry out the ecological benefits reasoning, analyzing the influence and consequence to ecological environment caused by the development, formulating the corresponding security measures to avoid the development of the cause of ecological imbalance.

  Amendment Method Research of Soil Bulk Density 2013, 29 (35):  230-233.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0855 Abstract + ( 719 )   PDF ( 601912KB )   ( 648 ) In order to automatic soil moisture observation data more accurate, better services for the practical application and the application in scientific research, based on the theoretical analysis of automatic soil moisture observation and manual measured value of the error and the correction methods, through the formula , the average value of soil bulk density and soil bulk density on behalf of correction for each calculation, analysis and evaluation of the feasibility of calculating soil gravimetric moisture content in the soil bulk density correction. The results show that: the soil bulk density correction formula is reliable, the use of automatic measurements of soil moisture content and soil bulk density correction formula to calculate the soil moisture is feasible, theory can cancel every eight observation, also provides a guide for practical application, automatic soil moisture observation data for automatic sensor biennial assessment.

  Study on the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Efficiency of Orchards Soil Profile in Zhangzhou 2013, 29 (35):  234-240.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0261 Abstract + ( 761 )   PDF ( 545177KB )   ( 589 ) In order to fertilize more reasonable in the orchard, study on the soil nutrition and its structure of soil profile in the main tropical fruits orchard in Zhangzhou by the method of the field investigation and indoor analysis. The results showed that: the layers of organic matter content on different soil profile were very obvious. The content was more than that of the control. The organic matter content on different soil layers of orchards profile was great difference. On the surface layer (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm), the organic matter content was mostly in a low level in the longan and litchi orchard, but in a higher level in the pomelo, banana, citrus and loquat orchard. The layers of soluble phosphorus content of orchard soil were very obvious, which decreased with the deepening of the level of the soil profile. In addition to litchi orchard and germplasm nursery, the content of soluble phosphorus was higher on the other orchard surface and subsurface soil. The content of available phosphorus was in a low level in the longan and litchi orchard, but in a higher level in the pomelo, banana, citrus and loquat orchard. Soil management and fertilization could increase the content of alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, which was in a very high state or a high level in most of the orchards. N/P ratio of soil in each profile layer was significantly lower than that of the control, and 0.08-0.28 times than control. To different profiles, the N/P ratio of surface and subsurface soil was generally less than that of subsoil. Tillage and fertilizer management could reduce soil N/P ratio.

  Study and Application Research Progress of Cultivated Land Quality Early-Warning System 2013, 29 (35):  241-244.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0159 Abstract + ( 887 )   PDF ( 462897KB )   ( 774 ) In order to further research and explore cultivated land quality early-warning, this paper analyzed and summarized research progress of Cultivated Land Early-Warning nearly 20 years at home and abroad from soil quality and land use change, early-warning theories and index system, early-warning model and application of cultivated land early-warning based on WebGIS. Then the comprehensive early-warning for cultivated land quality is put forward from soil fertility and quality, high standard farmland, remote sensing and farmland contamination.

  Physical and Chemical Differences of 11 Vegetation-soil Types in Southern Gurbantunggut Desert 2013, 29 (35):  245-253.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0848 Abstract + ( 672 )   PDF ( 935210KB )   ( 444 )

  Analysis of Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Sanjiang Plain 2013, 29 (35):  254-262.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0536 Abstract + ( 635 )   PDF ( 736279KB )   ( 559 ) In this paper, we analyzed the influence of crop species on soil physic-chemical properties and soil fertility of different regions, in order to provide the theoretical basis and reference for agricultural use and arrangement of Sanjiang Plain, and to promote the study of soil nutrients monitoring and agricultural management in this region. The field investigation and experiment analysis were combined to investigate soil nutrients of Sanjiang Plain areas. Seven indictors related to soil properties were selected to conduct classical statistics analysis, correlated analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that, the seven soil nutrients indictors in the research area showed medium variance, and the variance of soil organic matter had up to 66.39%. The relationships between soil nutrients indictors were significantly correlated, except that the total P, AN and available potassium didn’t correlated with each other significantly. The first principal component reflected soil comprehensive nutrients, the second principal component mainly reflected soil available phosphorus and available potassium. The result of cluster analysis indicated the comprehensive fertility situation of five kinds of areas. The spatial distribution of soil nutrients were dispersed on Sanjiang Plain. The differences of soil nutrients on different regions were significant. It was observed that wetland reclamation and planting patterns affected the soil nutrients significantly. So it was beneficial that making rational fertilization management and strengthening field practice and adjusting agricultural planting structure according to soil nutrients conditions to agriculture sustained development of this region.

  Effects of Continuous Straw Returning on Organic Carbon Content in Aggregates and Fertility of Black Soil 2013, 29 (35):  263-269.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0286 Abstract + ( 1079 )   PDF ( 679810KB )   ( 870 ) In order to research the effect of continuous straw returning on soil fertility and organic carbon distribution in aggregates under the conventional tillage of black soil, soil samples were collected from an 8-year field experiment carried out in black soil region of China, the effects of different treatments (no fertilizer-CK, chemical fertilizers-NPK, and chemical fertilizers plus straw returning-NPK+S) on soil nutrients and organic carbon content in water-stable aggregates were studied, and the initial soil sample in 2004 was regarded as the comparison. Results showed that, the 8-year continuous straw returning significantly increased the proportion of macro-aggregates (>0.25 mm) as compared with initial soil. In addition, the amount of macro-aggregates and mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates in the NPK+S treatment were significantly higher than those in the CK and NPK treatments. Compared with the initial soil sample, the content of soil organic matter (SOM) increased by 6.59% under the NPK+S treatment, whereas under the CK and NPK treatments, it decreased by 1.95 and 2.56%, respectively. After 8-year straw returning, the organic carbon contents in soil aggregate had a general increase, obviously higher than these in the CK and NPK treatments. Contributing rates of SOC of macro-aggregates in soil organic carbon had remarkably increased after 8-year straw returning whereas it was contrary for the micro-aggregates. Meanwhile, chemical fertilizers plus straw returning significantly increased the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed N, available P and available K. Compared with NPK, NPK+S had a more remarkable improvement for the soil available nutrients. Consequently, the application of chemical fertilizer plus straw returning could be prone to increase the stability and organic carbon content of soil aggregates, as well as improve the soil nutrient condition, so it had profound significance on enhancing black soil quality comprehensively.

  Effect of Wheat Straw Returning with Different Organic Matter-decomposing Inoculants (OMIs) on the Yield of Rice, the Decomposition of Straw and Soil Nutrients 2013, 29 (35):  270-276.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0449 Abstract + ( 986 )   PDF ( 784753KB )   ( 479 ) In order to study the effect of straw returning to the field with Organic Matter-decomposing Inoculants (OMIs) on the yield of rice, the decomposition of straw and soil nutrients in paddy field. A field experiment was carried out in the Jianghan Plain. Through it, we wanted to obtain an appropriate indicate to evaluate OMIs and straw direct-incorporation technology for this region. The results showed that, yield increased 5.0%, through straw returning. Straw accompanied with OMI 2 could increase total shoot dry matter and yield, which were 1125 kg/hm2 and 435 kg/hm2, and increment rates were 6.9% and 7.6%, respectively. The characteristics of decomposing results showed OMI 2 was the best product and the cumulative decomposition rate of straw was 30.3% on 15 days, but OMI 3 had not work compared with CK. Then, the rate of decomposition was slowed down, and the differences among treatments reduced. The characteristics of nutrients release indicated that the C, N and P released quickly on 30 days. The effect of OMI 1 and OMI 2 were better than OMI 3 in the end (100 days). The release of potassium was more than 95% in 5 days, which indicated OMIs had no effect on K. The correlation analysis of these indicates showed the method of mesh bag to detect the cumulative decomposition rate of straw was the most simple and effective tool. Short-term straw returning had no significant effect on soil organic matter and total nitrogen content. In actual production, the straw should be incorporated 5 days before rice transplanting to reduce the toxic action of straw decomposing on roots and strengthen early nitrogen supply to ensure the crop nutrient demand.

  Pollution Assessment of the Farmland Soil Heavy Metals in Tongguan County 2013, 29 (35):  277-280.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0137 Abstract + ( 824 )   PDF ( 648366KB )   ( 667 ) In order to study the soil pollution assessment of heavy mental in Tongguan, sampling and analysis the content of the 4 kinds of heavy mental in surface sediments, and using the single factor pollution index and Comprehensive pollution index to evaluate it. The results showed that, Pb single factor pollution index was 4.69, pollution was serious; Sr, Cu was 2.23 and 2.77, achieve the moderate pollution; Zr was 0.78 lower levels of contamination. It was 3.61 of comprehensive pollution index, pollution was serious. Thus, appropriate measures should be adopted to strengthen the prevention and control of pollution in the region and avoid the harm to human health.

  Pollution Characteristics and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metalsin the Lake Wetlands in the Yellow River Valleys of Ningxia zhu wei 2013, 29 (35):  281-288.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1449 Abstract + ( 736 )   PDF ( 973383KB )   ( 437 ) In order to investigate heavy metal pollution and its potential ecological risk in sediments of lake wetlands of the Yellow River Valleys of Ningxia, concentration and accumulation of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr、Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) in lake wetlands of the Yellow River Valleys of Ningxia were investigated. The highest values for heavy metals concentrations in sediments before the modern industrialization of the world and the environmental background values of lake wetlands of the Yellow River Valleys of Ningxia were used to analyze the accumulation coefficient and potential ecological risk (PER) coefficients for heavy metal. The PER index for each sample location was also discussed. The method for evaluating PER index presented by Lars Hankanson was applied to assess the ecological risk. The results showed that when the highest values for heavy metals concentrations in sediments before the modern industrialization of the world were taken as references, the accumulation order for those heavy metals was Cr>Pb>Zn>Cu>As>Cd>Hg, the potential risk order of elements was Cd>As>Hg>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn. Hequan Lake was under the highest potential risk, Qingtongxia wetland ranked the second, while the others had relatively small risk. But, overall, the potential ecological risk of investigated lake wetlands in the Yellow River Valleys of Ningxia was light, at least not very serious.

  Dynamic Change of Water Stable Aggregate in Land Degradation/Restoration Process on Sloping-land with Purple Soils in Hengyang 2013, 29 (35):  289-292.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1167 Abstract + ( 675 )   PDF ( 496508KB )   ( 395 ) The study is to study the changes of soil quality and the relationship with soil erosion during degradation/restoration in sloping-land with purple soils in Hengyang. By the method of spatiotemporal substitution, dynamics of soil water stable aggregation and soil organic carbon (SOC) in land degradation/restoration process in typical area was studied. The results showed that: (1) the number of ＞0.25 mm water stable aggregation tended to decrease in the process of soil degradation, while during restoration, the number of ＞0.25 mm water stable aggregation tended to increase; (2) SOC was decreasing/increasing in the process of land degradation/restoration; (3) The relationship between ＞0.25 mm water stable aggregation and SOC match the equality: y=22.321x+3.541 (R2=0.932); (4) The relationship between mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil water stable aggregate with restoration years and ＞0.25 mm water stable aggregation matched the equality: y=1.984e-0.126x (R2=0.875) and y=0.098x+0.123 (R2=0.981) respectively.

  Progress of Using Peanut Shells as Biosorbent for Removaling Heavy Metal Ions from Waste Water 2013, 29 (35):  293-299.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0266 Abstract + ( 1079 )   PDF ( 624732KB )   ( 758 ) Biosorption process is a relative new but thriving process for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous effluents. In order to discuss the research and the status of utilization of agricultural residue, and provide reference for the improvement of removal efficiency, as well as recycle agricultural residue, this paper resume the adsorption mechanism, adsorption model and thermodynamic parameters of peanut shells as biosorbent, and main influence factors by adsorbent are introduced in a detailed way, it's regeneration and recycle are discussed, and give some suggestions for further research.

  Comparative Analysis of Three Heavy Rainfall Processes in the Changjiang and Huaihe River Basin 2013, 29 (35):  300-305.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-3431 Abstract + ( 653 )   PDF ( 4349599KB )   ( 388 ) In order to grasp the frequency characteristic of heavy rainfalls in the Changjiang and Huaihe River Basin during the plum rain season in 2011, reveal the occurrence and development mechanism of rainstorm weather, to provide a useful reference for future forecast of rainstorm. The three heavy rainfall processes which occurred in June 25th, July 5th and July 12th were analyzed by using the conventional observational data, mesoscale dense observational data, radar data and products of numerical model. The result showed that: the heavy rainfalls which occurred in June 25th and July 12th caused by the interaction of the cold air of Westterlies and low level trough, the south airflow on the eastern side of the inverted trough transmitted adequate water vapor, the front belonged to stable rainfall, which caused by the interaction of the weak cold air and the external cloud of strong tropical storm ‘Meari’, the later belonged to convective rainfall. The heavy rainfall in July 5th which occurred at the edge of the west pacific subtropical high caused by unstable stratification of the cold air in the high and warm in the low and adequent water vapor supply transmitted by low level west-south jet. Base reflectivity map of Doppler radar could trace echo of heavy rainfall well, which could play an important role in heavy rainfall weather defense and nowcasting warming.

  The Variation Characteristics of Evaporation and Precipitation in Benxi Mountainous Area in Recent 58 Years 2013, 29 (35):  306-309.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0431 Abstract + ( 750 )   PDF ( 527393KB )   ( 534 ) In order to reveal variation characteristics of evaporation and precipitation in Benxi mountainous area, based on the climate data of weather station in Caohekou, Benxi from 1953 to 2010, using statistical analysis, Yamamoto detection, wavelet analysis method of evaporation and precipitation decadal trend, mutation detection and cycle analysis. The results showed that: annual evaporation showed a significant increasing trend, its linear trend rate 25.64 mm/10 a; seasons evaporation also showed an increasing trend. Precipitation did not significantly reduce the trend, its rate -30.64 mm/10 a, spring for a significant increasing trend in significant decreasing trend in autumn, summer and winter was not significantly reduce the trend change. Evaporation and precipitation had a very significant correlation; the precipitation decreased speed was slightly larger than the evaporation speed up climate dries trend in Benxi mountainous area.

  Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Late Frost Damage of Winter Wheat in Shandong Province 2013, 29 (35):  310-316.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0018 Abstract + ( 670 )   PDF ( 1144476KB )   ( 394 ) In order to study the spatial and temporal distribution law of winter wheat late frost disasters in shandong province, using the 16 agro-meteorological stations winter wheat jointing stage (WWJS), daily lowest temperature period for jointing - heading stage 1981-2011, utilizing agro-meteorological and statistics methods, the change rules of WWJS were analyzed. Combined the crop frost damage level standard and the actual, formulated out frost damage standards for WWJS period, the frost damage data was counted and analyzed. The results showed that: in general WWJS was at March 27th to April 18th in Shandong province, mean on April 6th. It has a advanced trend. In the regional distribution, early enter the jointing stage area was southwest of Shandong province, next area was that along the Jiaolai river from the Laizhou gulf to the Jiaozhou gulf, the latest area was eastpart of peninsula. It could be expressed with the normal distribution function that daily into the jointing stage with the date the change order. Cumulative probability of frost damage temperature with daily sequence changes was decreasing, the decline rate can be expressed with exponential equation. In Shandong Province, the high probability zone wear the sides of Jiaolai river from the Laizhou gulf to Jiaozhou gulf, include west of the peninsula and east of Weifang city. The low probability areas include three zone, west of Shandong northwest, east of peninsula, parts of Shandong southern. It were the main factors of frost damage that WWJS regularity and frost damage temperature appear rules. The law of jointing stage was mainly affected by the climate and the winter wheat varieties, it was decided by both natural factors and human factors. The rule of frost damage temperature mainly affected by the climate conditions and terrain. The results of the study was helpful to understand the distribution of frost damage rule and it had guiding significance for frost damage defense.

  A Study on Variation Characteristics of Shallow Geotemperature in Tianshui in Recent 50 Years 2013, 29 (35):  317-322.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1509 Abstract + ( 663 )   PDF ( 784597KB )   ( 513 ) In order to study the impact of climate warming on shallow geotemperature in Tianshui, based on data of annual and monthly ground temperature in 0 cm to 20 cm in Tianshui from 1963 to 2012, the author analyzed the variation characteristics of ground temperature and its response to climate changing with the method of climate tendency rate, variable coefficient, nine points twice matching, Mann-Kendall test and the signal-to-noise ratio. The result showed that: annual and seasonal shallow geotemperature turned out increasing trend. The range of increasing of annual ground temperature was 0.02℃ to 0.47℃ per 10 years and that of seasonal was 0.17℃ to 0.47. ℃ per 10 years. It also showed that the annual variation coefficient of shallow geotemperature was the biggest in the winter and the smallest in the summer. The ground temperature variation in a decade of century also showed increasing trend. It experienced the evolution of cold to warm in all variation process, that showed it was colder period in 1960s to 1990s, warm period in 1990s to 2010s, and became colder again after 2010s. The turning point of ground temperature was around 1993 and was more obvious in depth of 5 cm and 20 cm.

  The Analysis of Thunderstorm Climate Characteristic in Linfen City 2013, 29 (35):  323-328.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1026 Abstract + ( 743 )   PDF ( 706338KB )   ( 621 ) In order to prepare the thunder and lightning protection and disaster reduction to provide scientific basis, to understand the climatic characteristics of thunderstorm in Yangquan City. The author utilized the thunderstorm observation data from the ground meteorological observatory in Yangquan nearly 40 years from 1971 to 2010, statistically analyzed the thunderstorm climate characteristic of Yangquan City by mathematical statistics, linear fitting, climate trend rate method, and wavelet analysis and so on. The results showed that: annual average days of the thunderstorm was 36.0 days, the year appearing thunderstorm most happened in 1973, while the year appearing least happened in 2004, the thunderstorm months in Yangquan City presented a parabolic unimodal change, its peak value happened in July, the average day of beginning thunderstorm on April 18th, while average for ending thunderstorm on September 28th in Yangquan the average duration of thunderstorms lasted 154 days, 80% guarantee appeared first and last day of thunderstorm in the middle of April and the middle of October. It was there was an obvious seasonal thunderstorm, summer most, winter no thunderstorms, concluded that the number of thunderstorm had a decreasing trend.

  Multi-time Scales Analysis of Temperature Variation Based on Wavelet and M-K Methods in Yudong During 1951 to 2011 2013, 29 (35):  329-338.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0212 Abstract + ( 843 )   PDF ( 1164344KB )   ( 414 ) Abstract: Temperature variation and evolution trend in Yudong farming areas under the background of global warming can provide the necessary reference for agricultural development. Temperature variation facts, trends and variation cycle are analyzed using methods of Mann-Kendal analysis, regression analysis,5a sliding average and Morlet Wavelet based on five meteorological stations in Yudong. The results show average annual temperature, average winter temperature, average spring temperature, average fall temperature under the 99% confidence level appear increasing mutation corresponding to 1993, 1969, 1984 and 2004, respectively. The average summer temperature doesn’t have the mutation year. Average annual temperature, average winter temperature, average spring temperature, average fall temperature have an apparent trend under the 99% confidence level, the interannual trend rate are 0.186 ℃ / 10a, 0.251 ℃ / 10a, 0.259 ℃ / 10a, 0.221 ℃/10a respectively. Average spring temperature trend is not obvious. Shock period of seasonal and annual average temperature in the past 60 years has complex variation characters with a nested structure on multiple time scales, annual average temperature exist 3 years, 10 years and 16 years oscillation period signal. In the past 10 years, temperature increase significantly, the impact of climate warming on agricultural production have advantages and disadvantages, warming in winter and spring can improve the yield of winter wheat, and also aggravate the pest and frost drought disasters occur at the same time.

  Analysis of Changing Characteristics of Heat Resources over Last 30 Years in Linfen City 2013, 29 (35):  339-344.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0332 Abstract + ( 614 )   PDF ( 713193KB )   ( 432 ) Heat resources are indispensable for agricultural environment and agricultural stabilization. Based on the daily air temperature data of 17 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2010, the heat condition was analyzed such as annual average temperature, diurnal range, annual accumulated temperature ≥0℃ and≥10℃, by using linear-trend estimate, moving average method, Mann-Kendall (M-K) method. The results showed that: the annual average temperature appeared upward trend in Linfen City, the rate of warming was 0.44 ℃/10 years, warming occurred mainly in spring and winter, the rates of warming were respectively 0.603℃/10 years and 0.49℃/10 years, the annual average temperature and climate tendency of the central plain was higher than the eastern mountains and the western mountains in the spatial distribution, and Linfen city was highest; the average daily range increased at the rate of 0.18 ℃/10 years; Linfen City, the annual accumulated temperature ≥0℃ increased at rate of 137.21℃/10 years, the annual accumulated temperature ≥10℃ increased at rate of 101.77℃/10 years; M-K test method derived, the annual average temperature and the annual accumulated temperature ≥0℃ increased significantly, the trend at the end of the 20th Century was higher than the significance level of 0.001, but the warming trend of the annual accumulated temperature ≥10℃ was only higner than the significance level of 0.05 after 2008.

  Warming Trend and Seasonal Variation in Hangzhou from 1961 to 2012 2013, 29 (35):  345-350.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0840 Abstract + ( 711 )   PDF ( 667718KB )   ( 715 ) In order to clarify the seasonal variation characteristics of Hangzhou under the background of the climate warming and the influence from the temperature variation to the seasonal variation, using the daily temperature data of the Hangzhou station from 1961 to 2012, according to the newest delineation standard of climatic season, the length and beginning date of four seasons were divided. The variation features of the temperature and the length and beginning date of four seasons in recent 52 years and the correlations among them were investigated with the modern statistical diagnostic methods, such as climatic trend rate, correlation analysis, and abrupt detection. The results showed that: summer was the longest season in Hangzhou, while autumn was the shortest season. Meanwhile the summer was becoming longer significantly at a rate of 5.33 d/10 a, and the winter was getting shorter obviously at a rate of -3.62 d/10 a. The lengthening of the summer was influenced by the advancing of the beginning date of the summer and the delaying of the beginning date of the autumn. The shortening of the winter was influenced by the advancing of the beginning date of the spring and delaying of the beginning date of the winter, furthermore the influence of former was more than that of the latter. The summer length becoming longer, the spring and summer beginning date advancing, and the autumn beginning date delaying occurred at the same abrupt change time of the early of the 1990s. The air temperature of Hangzhou had increased clearly with the climatic rate 0.35℃/10 a in recent 52 years. The yearly mean air temperature had relationship with the length and beginning date of the four seasons. It mainly showed that when the air temperature increased, the beginning date of the spring and summer advanced and the two seasons lengthened, and the beginning date of the autumn and winter delayed and the two seasons shortened.

  Agricultural Climatic resources Atlas Construction of Shanxi Based on DEM 2013, 29 (35):  351-354.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0113 Abstract + ( 796 )   PDF ( 2200810KB )   ( 581 ) In order to understand the status of agricultural climate resources in Shanxi Province, the author utilized climate observe data during the period of 1961 to 2010 and topographic factors through the method of small gird simulation and residual correction establish the agricultural climatic resources atlas of Shanxi, analyze four elements for example. The results showed that, annual temperature, ≥0℃ cumulative temperature, annual sunshine hours and rainfall’s multiple correlation coefficient of multiple linear regression respectively reached 0.9811, 0.9855, 0.8725 and 0.8917, and continued residual correction obtain the agricultural climatic resources atlas which detailed and actual, can elaborate spatial distribution characteristics of the different terrain conditions agricultural climatic resources in Shanxi province. The results can provide the scientific methods and basis for decision making for the reasonable layout and planning of agriculture.

  Precise Comprehensive Agricultural Climate Regional of Nectarine in Sichuan Province Based on GIS 2013, 29 (35):  355-361.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1206 Abstract + ( 716 )   PDF ( 1967418KB )   ( 430 ) Fundamental requirements, sunshine, temperature and precipitation, were considered to analyze the factors limiting the growth and development of nectarine. Based on the previous research, several indexes were chosen for climatic suitability division, including annual mean temperature, number of days when daily mean temperature was below 6℃ in winter, mean temperature from April to May, mean temperature in June, rain days from late May to middle June, sunshine hours from March to June, and accumulated precipitation from April to October. The spatial distribution models for each index were built by mathematical statistics methods. Meteorological data from 150 stations were used in these models to analyze the spatial distribution of each index in Sichuan province on GIS platform. With decision-tree method, the whole region could be divided into three climatic suitability divisions for nectarine growth, as the most suitable areas, the suitable areas and the unsuitable areas.

  The Effect of Urbanization on Local Climate in Tangshan Nearly 30 Years After Earthquake 2013, 29 (35):  362-367.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0489 Abstract + ( 828 )   PDF ( 715604KB )   ( 581 ) Tangshan has become a typical heavy industry city since the earthquake. The observational and statistical data were applied to analyze the temperature, rainfall, character of the wind speed variation in the area of Tangshan during 1977-2006. The multiple regression method was used to analyze the impact of the urbanization on the average temperature. The results showed that: (1) the temperature factor was the most effected. The rainfall and the wind speed varied obviously without regularity. The annual temperature range was 0.51℃, the increasing rate was 0.17℃/10 a. However, the annual temperature range was 0.67℃ after 1990. (2) The temperature discrepancy was closely related to the cumulative areas of construction, the dissipation energy of the whole society and the current urban area, but not obviously related to the city’s population and the total value of industrial output. The situation was caused possibly by the differences of the economic structure, energy consumption and exhaust emission in different cities.

  Design and Implement of Recognition Prevention System of Vegetables Diseases and Pests Based on Domestic Based Software 2013, 29 (35):  368-372.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0445 Abstract + ( 739 )   PDF ( 934590KB )   ( 428 ) In order to enhance management level of vegetables planting and informationization of agricultural production safety, and build an inexpensive and practical recognition prevention system, recognition prevention system of vegetables diseases and pests based on domestic based software is designed and implied in this paper. The system is designed by the drag-type wizard mode of component technology based on middleware system operation support platform. And the system have been promoted and implicated in Hainan province. The system realized three core functions including the knowledge about plant diseases and pests, the intelligent diagnosis and farming guide, and realized information management of recognition prevention system of vegetables diseases and pests based on domestic based software. And the system effectively helped plant protector with recognition prevention of vegetables diseases and pests, and much enhanced management level of vegetables planting and informatization of agricultural production.

  The Design and Implementation of County-and-tow Meteorological Information Service Station System in Liaoning Province 2013, 29 (35):  373-380.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-4135 Abstract + ( 606 )   PDF ( 1941521KB )   ( 494 ) Based on B/S structure and WEBGIS technology, the meteorological information service village-and-town station business system for the application by all meteorological sections in Liaoning Province, meteorological service station and meteorological staff was established in order to enforce the service-ability construction of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction and meteorological propaganda in rural area and to perfect the meteorological disaster prevention system there. The system emphasizes on the offering resolution to the management of meteorological information staff, the training of normal science knowledge, and acquisition of meteorological information and the management of disaster reporting. It has directory meaning to the discovery of meteorological staff management methods, the tie link of meteorological staff, which finally achieves the meteorological information transfer “last mile”. By July 2012, Liaoning province has established 296 county-and-town meteorological information service stations and developed 12215 meteorological information staff. The staff transfers the meteorological disaster alarm signals, develops disaster investigation and broadcasts the propaganda of disaster prevention and reduction, which has already become important strength of fundamental meteorological disaster prevention.

  The research of the information transmission mechanism in agricultural products value chain —— with vegetables value chain for example 2013, 29 (35):  381-385.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1181 Abstract + ( 795 )   PDF ( 510348KB )   ( 480 ) Information unfluency transmission is the major reason for agricultural products unsalable and price fluctuations. So build the effective information transmission mechanism is imperative. Based on the analysis of characteristics and form of agricultural products and vegetable value chain, the paper constructs a set of information flow chart to make every link share the information and make clear the important position of information network in modern agriculture.

  Research on the Integrated Supply Chain of Vegetables in Shanghai 2013, 29 (35):  386-390.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1639 Abstract + ( 547 )   PDF ( 674199KB )   ( 460 ) This study analyses the strengths and existing problems in several main models of supply chain for vegetables according to the surveys in Shanghai. Staring from the collaborative pricing strategy which is the main parts in the supply chain integration, this paper builds a mathematics model based on the theory of Bilevel Programming , in order to achieve steady growth in overall income and each members’ profits in vegetable supply chain. Meanwhile, this paper describes a ideal vegetable supply chain which could guarantee the profits of farmers and citizens.

  Research on integrated model of agricultural mobile information service based on digital library 2013, 29 (35):  391-395.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0734 Abstract + ( 1297 )   PDF ( 634300KB )   ( 975 ) In this article, the author mainly introduced the concept, characteristics and new service mode for poverty alleviation of the mobile digital library, and research on Yunnan integrated model of agricultural mobile information service from four aspects: (1) integrate the overall digital resources and construct Yunnan agricultural digital library; (2) perfect the function of the service platform of agricultural informationization for poverty alleviation in rural information service and analyze comprehensive needs of peasant from the base science site; (3) research on integration theory of mobile information service and construct the perfect theoretical system; (4) construct a new mode of mobile information services for the Yunnan local characteristics. At the same time, the author discussed the problems of agricultural mobile information service facing in the future.

  Study on the Construction of Agricultural Information Service Platform by University Library and Local Website 2013, 29 (35):  396-399.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-4172 Abstract + ( 828 )   PDF ( 516124KB )   ( 439 ) In order to make better use of the Agricultural University Library in agricultural information process, provide better service for the local agriculture. The agricultural information network of 17 city of Shandong through the network access to the province conducted a survey of agricultural information websites, found around the lack of professional information agency information support, combining agricultural library resources and advantage of local site platform. Put forward to build a information service platform by agriculture university library and local information site, construction of the “practical technology”, “experts online”, “farmer training”, “agricultural statistics”, “farm bookshop”, “information service” six modules.

  Review of the English Scientific Papers about Pu-erh tea 2013, 29 (35):  400-408.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1163 Abstract + ( 668 )   PDF ( 637146KB )   ( 827 )