Abstract: In order to reveal variation characteristics of evaporation and precipitation in Benxi mountainous area, based on the climate data of weather station in Caohekou, Benxi from 1953 to 2010, using statistical analysis, Yamamoto detection, wavelet analysis method of evaporation and precipitation decadal trend, mutation detection and cycle analysis. The results showed that: annual evaporation showed a significant increasing trend, its linear trend rate 25.64 mm/10 a; seasons evaporation also showed an increasing trend. Precipitation did not significantly reduce the trend, its rate -30.64 mm/10 a, spring for a significant increasing trend in significant decreasing trend in autumn, summer and winter was not significantly reduce the trend change. Evaporation and precipitation had a very significant correlation; the precipitation decreased speed was slightly larger than the evaporation speed up climate dries trend in Benxi mountainous area.