Abstract: To ascertain the source-sink characteristics of super hybrid indica rice under conditions of different machine inserted density and fertilizer-N application rates. Effects of density and fertilizer-N application rates on the source-sink characteristics of super hybrid indica rice ‘Zhunliangyou 527’ under mechanized transplanting conditions were studied in 2012. Results showed that, with the application rate of fertilizer-N improved, crop growth rate (CGR) from transplanting to booting and from heading to maturity stage and total CGR and leaf area index (LAI) at heading stage and photosynthetic potential and leaf area rate from jointing to heading stage increased gradually, total quantity of leaf source (TQLS) from jointing to booting stage and total amount of spikelets and total sink potential rose had the same regular pattern, whereas ratio of highly and effective leaf area in total leaf area and grain-leaf ratio were just the opposite, at the same time, CGR and net assimilation rate and TQLS from booting to heading stage and single stem-sheath weight and relative content of chlorophyll and interception rate of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) decreased gradually when the application rate was over 150 kg/hm2. With the planting density decreased, CGR from jointing to heading stage and total CGR and relative content of chlorophyll at booting stage and ratio of highly and effective leaf area in total leaf area increased gradually, and photosynthetic potential and net assimilation rate and TQLS from jointing to booting stage and total amount of spikelets and total sink potential rose also raised, while CGR from heading to maturity stage and net assimilation rate from booting to heading stage were just the reversed, moreover, biggest LAI and TQLS from booting to heading stage and interception rate of PAR and relative content of chlorophyll at heading stage and single stem-sheath weight at jointing stage and grain-leaf ratio decreased when density was below 20.83×104 hills/hm2. Ratio of filled spiketlets and leaf area was negatively correlated with 1000-full grain weight at the significant level of P0.05, while there was a significantly positive correlation relation between the ratio of filled spiketlets and leaf area and seed setting rate, and also biggest leaf area index and total amount of spikelets and 1000-full grain weight and total sink potential rose was positively correlated with rice yield at the significant level of P0.05, respectively. The quality of the source-sink of super hybrid indica ‘Zhunliangyou527’ was gradually improved with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer improved and the machine inserted density reduced, the quality of the source-sink would be decreased and rice yield also would be reduced if an excess the nitrogen fertilizer was conducted and the machine inserted density was too high or low.