Abstract: Forest water conservation is an important indicator of the state of the forest ecological function, the estimation of the volume can be a very effective way of understanding the ecological value of forest resources, and the data support for the determination of management strategy for the forest resources. The author chose Liuhe County in Jilin Province as the study area, and extracted relevant factors to establish the model of remote sensing estimation of forest water conservation volume in Liuhe County based on Landsat-5 TM remote sensing image data. It showed that: the prediction accuracy of the model was 79.24%, after precision test. From the distribution map of the forest growing stock of Liuhe, as a result of the inversion of the model, it showed that the forest stock volume was 4.62×10⁶ m³. The distribution of forest water conservation quantity Liuhe Country was formed for analysis of the relationship between ability of water conservation forest in space and spatial elements.