Abstract: In order to do the evaluation on ecological security of regional land and based on clarifying of land ecological security, the evaluation index system of regional land ecological security was established by 15 indexes. The author used BP artificial neural network to establish ecological security evaluation model of regional land, based on which to judge the ecological security degree of land of Anhui Province during 1998-2012. The results showed that: (1) the land ecological security level of Anhui Province was ‘very unsafe’ during 1998-2002, during 2002-2007 was ‘relatively safe’ and during 2008-2012 was ‘relatively unsafe’; (2) BP artificial neural network was based on studying historical data that achieved the purpose of evaluating the ecological security of regional land. And it played an important part in exploring a new way for security of regional land as well.