Abstract: Financial competitiveness was the core and key of enterprise competitiveness. To evaluate the financial competitiveness of enterprises was beneficial to understand their financial competitiveness levels and existent defects and deficiencies, and take measures to consummate enterprise financial situation. Pharmaceutical and biological products industry was fast growing and the most active and fruit bearing one of industries in the modern science. The paper took 114 listed companies in pharmaceutical and biological products industry as the research object, used factor analysis method to analyze its financial competitiveness empirically and construct the evaluation system to evaluate its financial competitiveness. The results showed that strong and weak asset management capabilities strength evenly divided among the companies in the industry, solvency and development ability are generally weak, overall financial competitiveness needs to be strengthened. In order to realize sustainable development, the industry should enhance the overall solvency, obtain the ability to raise cash and accounts receivable turnover, optimize the capital structure and strengthen the research and development ability.