Abstract: In order to offer support for monitoring and assessment of droughts and floods in Jining, and offer scientific basis for reducing the loss caused by regional drought and flood disaster and rational utilization of water resources, based on the standardized precipitation index SPI, the evolvement characteristics of droughtflood were analyzed by using the month by month precipitation data of 11 counties of Jining from 1959 to 2013. The results showed that: (1) the characteristics of drought-flood showed an obvious stage characteristic, 1959 to 1975 and 2003 to 2013 were waterlogging stage, while 1976 to 2002 was partial drought stage; (2) the characteristics in each season showed a frequent alternation characteristic, the rain water showed a weak increase trend in winter and spring, while a weak decrease trend in summer and autumn, but the variation trend was not obvious; (3) the drought-flood occurred frequently in Jining, the flood event occurred once every 5-6 years, the drought event occurred once every 4-5 years; the variability of drought-flood was the maximum in early 21st century, followed by 1960s, the variability of 1970s to 1990s was relatively stable, the variability of late 1970s to the early 1980s was obvious, and 1990s was the steadiest stage with the minimum variability; (4) the variability of drought- flood was small in the southern area of Jining, which showed a characteristic of drought-flood alternation, the variability in north and central area was similar to that of all the city, showed a “partial waterlogging-partial drought-partial waterlogging”change characteristic.