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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (36): 103-109.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2466

Special Issue: 油料作物

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Preliminary Test of Varieties and Cultivation Techniques of Peanut in Malawi

Xu Rirong1,2, Tang Zhaoxiu1,2, Wu Chaosheng3   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization between Fujian and Taiwan, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013;2Institute of Crop, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science, Fuzhou 350013;3Flopower (Ningde) Industry CO., LTD, Ningde Fujian 352000)
  • Received:2014-09-11 Revised:2014-09-30 Accepted:2014-11-05 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

Abstract: In order to meet the needs of Fujian enterprise to develop peanut industry in Malawi, 6 peanut varieties (lines) bred by Institute of Crop, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and 4 local varieties, were studied for variety comparison test and cultivation technology demonstration, with random block design and large area planting in Malawi in the years 2013-2014. The results showed that, the pod yields of 7 varieties varied from 1150.05 kg/hm2 to 2943.75 kg/hm2 in the rain season.‘Kanghuang 1’was the highest yield and cg-7 (the control) was the lowest. The pod yields of 6 introduced varieties increased by 54.78% to 155.98% than the control. Seed kernel yield of 7 varieties varied from 654.45 kg/hm2 to 1845.6 kg/hm2.‘Kanghuang 1’was the highest yield and cg-7 (the control) was the lowest. The seed kernel yields of 6 introduced varieties increased by 55.67% to 182.0% than the control. The pod yields of 7 varieties varied from 2344.5 kg/hm2 to 3559.5 kg/hm2 in the dry season.‘Fuhua 0621’was the highest yield and cg-7 (the control) was the lowest. The pod yields of 6 introduced varieties increased by 7.81% to 51.82% than the control. Seed kernel yield of 7 varieties varied from 1428.0 kg/hm2 to 2335.05 kg/hm2.‘Fuhua 0621’was the highest yield and‘Fuhua 9’was the lowest. The seed kernel yields of other 5 varieties of seed yield except‘Fuhua 9’, increased by 29.85%-52.99% than cg-7 (CK). In the dry season, cultivation technology demonstration showed that the pod yields of 4 varieties of Malawi varied from 1900.5 kg/hm2 to 3213.0 kg/hm2. BaKa had the highest yield and Chalimbana had the lowest. The seed yields of 4 varieties varied from 1016.7 kg/hm2 to 2307.0 kg/hm2. BaKa was the highest yield and Chalimbana was the lowest. The test results showed that, the 6 peanut varieties were adapted to the ecological conditions and extensive cultivation habit of Malawi. The peanut cultivation techniques of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences were adapted to 4 peanut varieties of Malawi, and could get high yield. Preliminary study showed that, if air humidity was≥50%, and could meet the physiological needs of peanut blossom during the flowering phase by using the special ecological environment such as Lake Malawi, and used artificial irrigation, we proved produce of peanut in dry season, this pattern suggested expanding test and extension after demonstration.