Abstract: In order to clarify the species composition and inter-specific relationships of naturally colonized plant communities on coal gob piles, the interspecific relationships among 66 species-pairs from 12 dominant species in naturally colonized plant communities on coal gob piles at Xinglonggou Mine in Zuoyun County of Shanxi Province were analyzed by using the χ²-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients and cluster analysis. The result showed that: (1) there were respectively 36 species-pairs positive correlation and 30 species-pairs negative correlation by χ²-test and their correlation ratio was 0.83; there were respectively 19 species-pairs positive correlation and 47 species-pairs negative correlation by Pearson’s correlation coefficient test and their correlation ratio was 0.40; there were respectively 29 species-pairs positive correlation and 37 species-pairs negative correlation by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test and their correlation ratio was 0.78; compared with χ²-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was more sensitive; among the 66 species pairs, most of them were negative correlation and did not show significant relationship, which indicated that the naturally colonized plant communities on coal gob piles at Xinglonggou Mine were relatively fragile and were still in the early or middle stage of succession; (2) the dominant species-pairs of Elymus dahuricus, Agropyron desertorum, Ulmus glaucescens and et al. showed significantly positive correlation or positive correlation, they were the zonal distribution of plant species with strong ecological adaptability of tolerance to drought, cold weather and poor soil fertility, which could be planted in a mixed way and used as the pioneer species for local coal gob piles revegetation; while the species-pairs of dominant Pobulus simoniii with Elymus dahuricus, Agropyron desertorum and so on had different negative correlations, and thus should not be planted in such pairs in actual revegetation practice; (3) based on Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients, the 12 dominant species were divided into 3 ecological species groups by cluster analysis.