Abstract: To analyze the physiological characteristics of Paris polyphylla. Smith var. yunnanensis seed dormancy and provide scientific basis for the cultivation. The changes of seed embryo rate, the contents of storage nutrition and the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in 160 days at two different conditions. The result shows that: during the process of stratification, the embryo rate of Paris polyphylla. Smith var. yunnanensis seed was significantly increased, the content of soluble sugar, starch and soluble protein were significantly decreased, the POD activities was significantly increased. Under the field condition, the changes of seed embryo rate increased to 11.59, the content of soluble sugar, starch and soluble protein reduced to 3.14mg/g, 2.72mg/g and 24.56mg/g, the activities of peroxidase (POD) increased to 10.35U/(g*min). Compared to the constant temperature stratification condition, the change law of seed physiological characteristics under the field condition was better, it was more favorable to seed germination.