Abstract: In order to improve rice quality, the author investigated the effects of compound fertilizer and humic acid liquid fertilizer on the contents of protein and mineral of rice. The author used ‘Jinnongsimiao’ as experimental variety and set up 5 treatments (A: water; B: 36 g/m² compound fertilizer as base fertilizer; C, D, E: 9, 18, 36 g/m² humic acid liquid fertilizer No. 1 as basic fertilizer). Soil and rice were collected and measured during the 98 d field experiment. The results showed that, compared to the indexes of the first day and the end of this experiment, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, silicon contents of B were significantly different, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium contents of C, D, E, silicon content of D were significantly different. Calcium, silicon, iron, copper and protein contents among different fertilization treatments were significantly different. Protein, copper, iron contents of rice under compound fertilizer treatment were higher than that under water treatment. Calcium, iron, copper, protein contents of rice under humic acid liquid fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than that under water treatment and compound fertilizer treatment, and calcium, iron, copper, protein contents under E treatment were the highest. The results indicated that compound fertilizer and humic acid liquid fertilizer could change the contents of soil mineral, compound fertilizer could increase copper and protein contents of rice, humic acid liquid fertilizer could increase calcium, iron, copper, silicon and protein contents of rice, and humic acid liquid fertilizer was better than compound fertilizer in the increasing of copper and protein, the optimum fertilizing amount of humic acid liquid fertilizer was 36 g/m². Humic acid liquid fertilizer could improve rice quality and increase protein and mineral contents of rice.