Abstract: Grain peroxidase (POD) activity is closely related to the quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Studies on the variation of grain POD activity could provide a basis for the genetic improvement of wheat quality. In this study, 120 wheat varieties were used as materials, and the POD activities of two years (2012 and 2013) were determined by spectrophotometry. Furthermore, clustering analysis (Euclidean distance) and cationic active electrophoresis were also used. The results showed that there was a significant variation in the POD activities in the 120 experimental materials, and a highly significant correlation between the POD activities of the varieties in the two cropping seasons (r=0.5143). These findings indicated that POD activity was mainly controlled by genetic factors. With clustering analysis (Euclidean distance), POD might affect the gluten quality as indicated by the relationship (r=0.939). Though the three varieties ( ‘KS448’ ,‘Xichang177’ and‘Shuwan831’ ) had high POD activities, their POD cation isoperoxidase patterns were apparently different. The POD of‘Shuwan831’might be anionic isoenzyme. And isoenzyme Px3 probably controlled the color and size of wheat seeds. Three varieties with low POD activity, strong gluten and light- colored seed coat were selected out of the total number of varieties as high quality variety resources.