Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of five fertilizer managements(calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer,slaked lime, organic fertilizer,and matured compost) and a tobacco farmers traditional fertilizer control on soil pH、enzyme activities、microbial quantity and microbial community functional diversity in tobacco．The results showed that the soil Ph is characterized by FS > YT > SSH > CK2 > CK1, Soil enzyme activities ,the amounts of bacteria, actinomycetes and the total number of microbes in tobacco plants’rhizosphere also significantly changed．The effects of fertilization regimes on soil enzyme activity,the amounts of bacteria, actinomycetes and the total number of microbes in tobacco plants’rhizosphere generally followed the order: FS 、YT > SSH 、CK2 > CK1．The Biolog results suggested that each fertilizer treatment were higher than that of control the average well color development( AWCD) and increased the species diversity,richness and evenness． The relative ratios of six groups of carbon sources by microbes were changed to some extent after the application of different fertilizer． Compared with the traditional fertilizer control, other fertilizers application enhanced the capacity of microbes in using carbohydrates, amino acids , carboxylic acids and polyphenols． but decreased the utilization of polymers．The principal components analysis demonstrated that the differentiation of microbial community was mainly in utilization of carbohydrates, amino acids and carboxylic acids．In aggregate compared with tobacco farmers fertilizer, FS, YT treatment works best.