Abstract: The relationship between biological yield, harvest index and economic yield were studied using 11 different new wheat varieties (lines). The results showed that the phenotypic and genetic correlations between biological yield and economic yield were both positive significant at 1% level, the phenotypic correlation between harvest index and economic yield was also positive significant at 1% level. The genetic potential of biological yield and the relationship between biological yield and economic yield were much greater than that of harvest index. The way of increasing economic yield is maintaining harvest index, increasing biological yield and harmonizing the relationship between biological yield and harvest index.