Abstract: To provide the data support for the application of vermicompost fertilizer in ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear orchard, the effect of vermicompost and slow-release fertilizer on fruit quality and soil comprehensive fertility was explore. Three fertilization treatments including no fertilization(CK), application of cow manure compost(P1) and application of vermicompost and slow-release fertilizer(P2) were set up in ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear orchard in the past three years. The study compared the fruit quality, soil nutrient content and the change of enzyme activity among different treatments and analyzed the correlation between fruit quality and soil comprehensive fertility. The results showed that, compared to the P1, the fructose content of the P2 increased by 1.93%, vitamin C increased by 10.90%, and soluble protein content increased by 20.99%. Soil organic matter increased by 19.59%. The activity of soil acidic phosphatase was significantly decreased (6.087 μmol/g) and the activity of urease was significantly higher (1.249 mg/g). The correlation analysis of soil comprehensive fertility and fruit quality showed that the fruit of sugar, vitamin C, soluble protein content and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, acid phosphatase activity and invertase activity were significantly positively related. The continuous application of vermicompost and slow-release fertilizer (4 kg/plant) in the orchard of ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear improved the comprehensive fertility of soil compared to that of cow manure compost. In addition to significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium content, acid phosphatase activity and sucrose enzyme activity, it was also increase the fructose, vitamin C, and soluble protein content of ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear and it was obviously improved the fruit quality of ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear.