Abstract: Based on various parameters of X- band double polarization radar and the observation data of precipitation from radar and related stations, we briefly described the X-band double polarization doppler radar from two aspects: basic composition and working modes, and aiming at a convective precipitation weather process in Inner Mongolia on August 9, 2014, we analyzed the X-band double polarization doppler radar precipitation observation. The results showed that: (1) during the process of fluid thunderstorm cloud precipitation, most ice crystals would melt into small raindrops in 6-8 km, or existed in the form of frozen droplets; (2) when strong thunderstorm clouds occurred, in the upper part of a strong thunderstorm cloud, most of the small particles were present, and there were not a large number of water-forming particles. The research can not only explore the radar’s ability to quantitatively estimate precipitation, but also improve the applicability of X-band double polarized radar to precipitation observation.