This paper traces nearly 150-year history of the introduction and development of American cotton in China. The author believes that American cotton has gone three development stages since it was introduced into China in 1865, i.e. Introduction in late Qing Dynasty; Introduction, improvement and extension in period of Public of China; Introduction, choice-bred and extension since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Therefore , introduction of American cotton is the first step for China’s cotton production and development; Improvement and choice-bred of American cotton is the key to cotton output and quality; Promoting American cotton is an inevitable choice for China’s cotton production and development.
