Abstract: To understand the feasibility of artificial cultivating and proliferating freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense in alkaline lakes of northeast China, adaptive capacity of juvenile shrimp to salinity of alkaline lake was determined with enriched water of natural alkaline lake by one-way acute toxicity test in indoor. The results showed that the median effect concentration（EC50）（with 95% confidence intervals）for 24 hours of salinity to juvenile shrimp was 3.17（3.02~3.32）g/L at pH of 7.72~7.81 and at alkalinity of 7.87~14.49 mmol/L. At pH of 7.85~8.07 and at alkalinity of 16.97~26.96 mmol/L, the median lethal concentration（LC50）（with 95% confidence intervals）for 24, 48 and 96 hours of salinity to juvenile shrimp were 7.95 （7.74~8.11）, 6.84（6.69~6.99） and 5.77（5.59~5.93） g/L, respectively. The safe concentration （SC）of salinity to juvenile shrimp was 1.52 g/L. Lower limit of EC for 24 hours of salinity to juvenile shrimp was 2.08 g/L, upper limit of salinity of 3.69 g/L was for juvenile shrimp living, and the range of tolerance was 4.25~8.19 g/L. Adaptive capacity of M. nipponense to the salinity will be a decline in alkaline water. In northeast China, artificial cultivating and proliferating freshwater shrimp M. nipponense may be in alkaline lakes with the salinity under and the alkalinity of 10~30 mmol/L, and that is safe in alkaline lakes with the salinity under 1.5 g/L and the alkalinity under 10 mmol/L.