Current issue

• 2006 Vol.22 No.6 Published:05 June 2006

  目次

  Effects of Testicular Abstract, Epidermal Growth Factor and Estradiol-17Β on the Maintenance of Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells in Vitro Zhang Xueming, Li Dexue,, Yue Zhanpeng, Yu Jiaao, Zhang shiqin, Li Engzhong, Li Zhen 2006, 22 (6):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 265499KB )   ( 648 ) To investigate the effects of testicular abstract (TA) from adult mice testes, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and Estradiol-17β (E2) on the survival and proliferation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in vitro. The seminiferous epithelium of 8-day-old mouse was dissociated with collagenase-trypsin digestion. SSCs were enriched by differential plating and seeded on STO feeder layers in a compound media containing varied concentrations of TA, EGF and E2. The survival and proliferation of SSCs were investigated. The results showed that no significant difference was observed between the average survival times of SSCs in experiment groups and that in control groups after adding with the three factors. However, the survival times of SSCs in groups containing 20~40 ng/ml EGF and 10~100 pg/ml E2 were obviously extended, and distinct proliferation activities of SSCs were observed during a relatively long period. The results indicate that EGF of 20~40 ng/ml and E2 of 10~100 pg/ml were beneficial to the maintenance of mouse SSCs.

  Generation and Characterization of Immunological Traits of Polyclonal Antibody against Chloramphenicol Wang Ziliang, Zhang Haitang, Wang Yanrong, Liu Junwei, Wu Yuping, Chai Shujun, Zhang Gaiping 2006, 22 (6):  5-5.  Abstract + ( 1658 )   PDF ( 254507KB )   ( 738 ) The active group carboxyl was introduced to Chloramphenicol(CAP) and formed CAP half succinaate(CAP-HS) which has hapten structure by chemical modification. The method of mixed anhydride(MA) was used to conjugate CAP-HS to BSA and obtained artificial immunogen BSA-CAP-HS, the coating antigen OVA-CAP-HS was obtained in the same way. IR, UV and SDS-PAGE were used to identify BSA-CAP-HS. New Zealand white rabbits and SPF chickens were immunized with BSA-CAP-HS，the titre of polyclonal antibody(pAb) was detected by indirect ELISA, the sensitivity of pAb was identified by blocking ELISA and the specificity of pAb was identified by test of agar bidirectional pervasion, WestGold immunochromatography and cross-reaction. The results showed that BSA-CAP-HS had been synthesized successfully and its conjugation ratio of CAP-HS to BSA was about 15.6∶1, the high-titer, sensitive and specific CAP pAb had been produced in sera of immunized New Zealand white rabbits and SPF chickens, which made it possible to establish immunoassay of CAP residues in feed and animal food.

  Effect of maturity of corn stalk on the chemical characteristics and nutritive value of silage Yu Ruhua, Mo Fang, Zhao Lihua, Zhang Xiaoming, Wang Weiqian, Ma Hong, Zhao Jianying 2006, 22 (6):  10-10.  Abstract + ( 1943 )   PDF ( 150955KB )   ( 792 ) The influence of maturity on nutritive composition was determined for different stage of seven silage of corn stalk. The corn stalk were harvested at the growth days of the 92nd, 94th, 96th, 98th, 100th, 102nd and 104th, respectively. At each stage of maturity, corn stalk was harvested, and ensiled. Maturity did not have a large effect on lactic acid, butyric acid and ADF content of silage in this study; however, the digestibility of organ matter in vitro decreased as maturity of corn stalk, there were obvious effects on the contents of ammonia concentrations, crude protein, NDF in silage with different harvested time.

  Effect on Three-way Crossbreeding of Commodity Beef Cattle of Henan Province Ru Baorui, Li Kai,Qi Xinglei,Wang Zhibao,Zhi Mushan 2006, 22 (6):  14-14.  Abstract + ( 1470 )   PDF ( 100340KB )   ( 492 ) This paper analyzed the average weight of 6 three-way crossbreeding combinations of beef cattle (XiaXiNan, XiXiaNan, LiXiaNan, XiaLiNan, LiXiNan and XiLiNan)at the age of 6, 12 and 18 moon from the six counties of four cities of Henan Province.The results showed that XiaXiNan, LiXiNan, XiXiaNan and XiLiNan four hybrid combinations were better than others, and in the process of three-way crossbreeding, the first father was meat-milk or milk-meat type bull that have maternity index; the second father was purebred meat type bull that grow faster and has good carcass quality, so that it could improve milk capability of reproduction cow and enhance growth rate, slaughter rate and carcass quality of beef cattle.

  Effect of Cysteamine on Performance of Chicken Jin Guangming, Pang Juan 2006, 22 (6):  17-17.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   PDF ( 116771KB )   ( 593 ) Effect of Cysteamine（CS）on performance of Chicken were studied in this experiment. 500 one-day-age chickens were used in this experiment. The chickens were randomly divided into five groups by 100/group. CS of 0.5g/kg、1.0g/kg、1.5g/kg、2.0g/kg和0.0g/kg were added to the basic diet of experiment 1 group, experiment 2 group, experiment 3 group, experiment 4 group and experiment 5 group respectively. The experiment stage was 60 days. The result reveals that the daily weight gain of chicken in experiment 1 group, experiment 2 group and experiment 3 group were increased 9.0%（p<0.05）、17.3%（p<0.05）and 1.5% than the contrast groups, the daily weight gain of chicken in experiment 4 group was decreased than the contrast group（p<0.05）. The result shows that the CS of 1.0g/kg could enhance performance of chicken.

  The Experiment on Artificial Cultivation of Bezoar in the Nanyang Cattle Yang Qianfeng, Ma Fashun 2006, 22 (6):  20-20.  Abstract + ( 1293 )   PDF ( 188881KB )   ( 555 ) In order to produce bezoar rapidly and improve output, the plastic web for special purpose, bacteria culture and so on were planted into the gall-bladder of Nanyang cattle by surgical operation, which had no effect on the growth, reproduction, field work, plumpness and health of the Nanyang cattle .In 12,18,24 and 36 months after the planting, average bezoar output of a cattle were 6.44g, 10.93g, 16.72g and 28.32g respectively .The new technique has the advantages of rapid formation and rich production of bezoar with high quality that is as good as natural .A statistical analysis shows that the yield of bezoar is closely direct related to the period of cultivation ,the regress equation about the yield per cattle and period of cultivation is y1 =-2.27+0.7819x ,the regress equation about a cattle’s yield per month and period of cultivation is y2 =0.4074+0.011x .In terms of the two equations ,we are able to calculate the yield of bezoar.

  Advance on Screening Technology of Brucellosis Zheng JinLing, Jiang ChengYan, Zhang Yifang, Li YunRong, Lu ZengRong 2006, 22 (6):  25-25.  Abstract + ( 1379 )   PDF ( 125090KB )   ( 728 ) The paper described the new and traditional test methods for screening Brucellosis. The Brucellosis is an infectious disease, which cause not only economic loss but also the threat to the life of human and animal. The gene vaccination will be used for controlling it. The old detection technique has many deficiencies and will be replaced; the competitive ELISA has not diagnosing standards. The indirect ELISA can not separate the vaccine antibody and bacterial antibody even that were fast, accurate and advanced. Recently, the diagnostic technique has been constantly updated with molecular biology development, such as gene detection, fluorescence polarization assay and so on. PCR can test the 1pg of Brucella DNA, and the bacterial DNA test was most reliable. The Fluorescence Polarization Assay was accuracy and can be used for field work for livestock and wild animals.

  Selection of Rice Genotypes with High Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and its Evaluation Indices Huang Nongrong, Zhong Xuhua, Zheng Haibo 2006, 22 (6):  29-29.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 271907KB )   ( 566 ) 48 rice genotypes were used for researching nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency, and the relationship between nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) and main agronomical characteristics. The results were showed that there was significant difference of NUE between different rice genotypes, and the high NUE genotypes would be selected from the entry materials. Chang-lun-zhan is the typical high NUE genotype that showed higher, stable yield whether in low-nitrogen or high-nitrogen conditions. Two rice genotypes e.g. Guang-hui 128 and Mo-li-zhan-xuan, and three genotypes e.g. 97-xiang, 2466 and Yin-hua-zhan had been selected for high NUE type under low-nitrogen condition and high-nitrogen condition, respectively. The high NUE type under low-nitrogen condition is suitable planted in poor soil, and the NUE type under high-nitrogen condition are suitable planted in fertilize soil. The results were also showed there was significant correlation at 0.05 level between NUE and SPAD value of top 2nd and 3rd leaf in heading and milk stages, harvest index, grain yield and panicle number, respectively. So, these traits could be used for indices of NUE evaluation. So, it is issue how to coordinate the relationship between nitrogen absorption efficiency (NAE) and NUE so that not only increasing grain yield nor improving NUE because there was significant negative correlation at 0.01 level between NAE and NUE.

  Optimization for RAPD Reaction System in Ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.Guad) Liu Lijun, Peng Dingxiang, Meng Zuqing 2006, 22 (6):  35-35.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 304164KB )   ( 606 ) The factors influencing RAPD Analysis, including 10×PCR Buffer, the concentration of DNA template, Mg2+, dNTP, primers, Taq polymerase, Thermal cycles and annealing temperature in Ramie were studied. PCR system for RAPD in Ramie has been found: in 25μl reaction solution, contained 0.4μM random primers, 60~100ng DNA template, 1.8mM Mg2+, 0.2 mM dNTP, 1U Taq polymerase. The suitable procedure is one cycle 94℃ for 4min; denaturing at 94℃ for 45s; primer annealing at 38℃ for 45s, extension at 72℃ for 2min, 36 cycles; extension at 72℃ for 5min at last and then remain at 4℃.

  Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated Transformation of Rice for gna Gene Zhang Qijun,, Yin Fuqiang, Wang Shiquan,, Li Ping,, Zou Jiangshi, Lv Chuangen 2006, 22 (6):  40-40.  Abstract + ( 1551 )   PDF ( 260321KB )   ( 777 ) Brown plant hopper distributes very wide, and it has been the major rice insects in Southern China. Many studies showed that it was economical and effective method to control insects with transgenic breeding. An expression vector was constructed with a safe marker gene, 6-phosphomannose isomerase (PMI), and an insect-resistant gene, Galanthus nivalis agglutinin（GNA）, was used in rice genetic transformation in the present study. Results indicated that the pmi and gna gene have been expressed and transferred into some rice cultivars with PCR analysis, southern blotting and GUS detection, and the gna gene was mainly integrated into rice genome in manner of single copy. Some mature seeds randomly selected from eight transgenic rice plants were cultured 15 days on 1/2 MS medium with 50 mg/L hygromycin, and numbered the resistant and sensitive seedlings. The results indicated that most of the transgenic plants were according with the law of single gene segregation.

  Effects of Cultivar etc on Direct Shoot Induction from Cotyledonary Nodes of Cucumber Jin Baoyan, Su Hua, Ren Huazhong 2006, 22 (6):  45-45.  Abstract + ( 1242 )   PDF ( 143542KB )   ( 538 ) Effects of 6-benzylaminopurine concentration, cultivar, explant size and AgNO3 concentration on direct shoot induction were studied by sing cotyledonary nodes as explants of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Results showed different cultivar showed significant difference in the frequency of inducing shoots and number of shoots per explant and showed no difference in shoot length. 4.0mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine was the optimal concentration of shoots quantity inducing which frequency of inducing shoots and number of shoots per explant were 100% and 11.1 respectively. 0.5mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine was the optimal concentration of shoots length inducing which average length of shoots was 12.0mm. Explant size had significantly effects on direct shoots quantity and length induction. When complete cotyledon used as explant, frequency of inducing shoots, number of shoots per explant and average length of shoots could approach to 100%, 6.7 and 17.1mm respectively. 2.0mg/L silver nitrate could significantly increase shoot quantity induction, both frequency of inducing shoots and number of shoots per explant could be as high as 97.2% and 4.2 respectively. But silver nitrate also could restrain shoots elongation.

  SSR Fingerprinting map of 20 peanut cultivars Liu Guanming, Zheng Yixiong, Li Guoliang 2006, 22 (6):  49-49.  Abstract + ( 1586 )   PDF ( 133461KB )   ( 797 ) It is very important for the farmers and breeders to develop a stable and dependable method of cultivars identification. In this paper, the fingerprinting map of 20 cultivars mainly used in south china had been established with 4 selected SSR markers, PM50, PM375, PM204 and PM3. 19 cultivars could be distinguished each other with this fingerprinting map.

  The Research and Development about Exogenous DNA Introduced into Paddy Rice by Pollen-tube Pathway Mang Zhaohe, Liu Xinjun, Wang Yuju, Meng Qiaoxia, Li Chunguang, Liu Yongwei, Zhang Jinglong 2006, 22 (6):  52-52.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   PDF ( 160647KB )   ( 671 ) Based on the hypothesis of DNA fragment hybridization, exogenous DNA can be introduced into plant genome by pollen-tube pathway, producing progenies with genetically varied traits. New cultivars with fine agronomic traits can be selected from these progenies. The exogenous DNA can be the gene of interest or the whole genomic DNA from donor plants that possess the trait of importance. Because this method is simple and easy to operate, and the receptor plants are not limited to any plant species or genotypes, more and more plant breeders are adopting this technology. Significant progress has been made in rice breeding using this method, and new rice cultivars with high resistance to plant diseases, high quality and high yield have been bred and widely adopted by farmers. This article is intended to introduce the methods for the direct introduction of the exogenous DNA into plant genome, the genetic variations of the progenies produced and the factors that affect the effectiveness of the pollen-tube pathway. The merits, problems and the prospect for the pollen-tube pathway will also be discussed.

  Application of Genetic Markers on Identification of Rubus resources Duan Juan, Tang Haoru, Wang Xiaorong, Li Ling 2006, 22 (6):  57-57.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   PDF ( 155872KB )   ( 547 ) The Rubus, consisting of numerous species and varieties, is botanically a polymorphic, variable and very complicated genus in Rosaceae. It is a fundamental work for economic utilization to identify Rubus resources， and effective genetic markers are the main techniques to identify its resources. Research progress and application of morphological markers, pollen morphological markers, cytological markers and molecular markers on identification in Rubus resources were reviewed. The morphological identification is the basal method although other markers have been widely used. The current problems and some suggestions for further studies were also given in this paper.

  Establishment of A Regeneration System of Petunia Hybrida Tao Meiying, Jia Caihong, Xu Biyu, Jin Zhiqiang 2006, 22 (6):  62-62.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 224837KB )   ( 723 ) The effects of different combination of hormone concentration on buds induction directly from leaf and calli, and shoots rooting are studied. The results indicated that the medium with 6-BA1.5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L was the most suitable for buds induction directly from leaf, the medium with 6-BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.3~0.5mg/L for buds induction from calli, and the medium with IBA0.03~0.05mg/L was suitable for rooting. In addition, the time of buds induction directly from leaf is shorter than those from calli.

  Study on invitro of Germination and Rapid Propagation of Vicia faba L. Qu Qiaoling, Hu Runtian, Kang Shiteng, Xu Lingbo, Wang Yifei,, Lu Ruiju, 2006, 22 (6):  66-66.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   PDF ( 237055KB )   ( 626 ) Using Vicia faba as donor materials, the effects of seed–treatment on germination, supplementing AC, Vc and PVP to induction media on explant–browning and adding MET, banana, potato and coconut water to propagating media on propagating coefficient and bud–vitrifiation were investigated. The results showed that the frequency of germination were able to be increased by keeping seed vessel, culturing seeds with radicle up and pre-treating seeds in 5.0mg/L GA3 solution for 12h. The frequency of explant-browning was reduced by adding AC 0.5mg/L to induction media and the vigor of plantlets was promoted by the AC-adding. The propagating coefficient could be improved and the frequency of bud-vitrifration increased by adding 150mg/L coconut water.

  Study on Influential Factors of Sugar and Starch Content in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves Gao Yuzhen, Li Wei, Wang Yunfeng, Song Zhaopeng, Jing Yanqiu, Gong Changrong 2006, 22 (6):  70-70.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 180124KB )   ( 740 ) Tobacco carbohydrate has an important influence on tobacco quality, especially sugar and starch. These factors including heredity, ecology, growing and curing were reviewed. Generally speaking, ①breed; ②illumination, temperature, moisture, soil; ③the levels of fertilizing; ④the time of topping; ⑤the degree of maturity; ⑥curing; ⑦fermentation; ⑧biotechnology and so on were all factors influencing the content of sugar and starch. Science and technology workers had achieved a great deal in these fields, especially in the levels of fertilizing and curing. In addition that by means of biotechnology influencing the content of sugar and starch has become a hotspot in future research. But there are many open questions. For example there are wider explorations in these researches on the relation of ecological factor and the content of sugar and starch in order to find every respect of question about influencing the content of sugar and starch and improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

  Optimization of Submerged Fermentation Conditions for Extracellular Polysaccharide by Clitocybe gigantean Using Response Surface Methodology Wang Yongbin,, Wang Yunxiang, 2006, 22 (6):  76-76.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 388300KB )   ( 740 ) Our previous work has indicated that cultivation conditions for extracellular polysaccharide by Clitocybe gigantean are strongly affected by many internal and external factors. In this study，we use an effective two-phase statistical approach to enhance extracellular polysaccharide production. In the first phase，Plackett-Burman design was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the six factors，including initial pH，culture temperature, fermentation time，volume of medium，amount of inoculum and rotate speed. By regression analysis，culture temperature， time and amount of inoculum were found to be important for cultivation conditions for extracellular polysaccharide by Clitocybe gigantean. In the second phase of the optimization process，a response surface methodology(RSM) was used to optimize the above critical factors，and to find out the optimal concentration levels and the relationships between these factors. Based on the results of the first phase，a three-level three-factor(culture temperature， fermentation time and volume of medium) Box-Behnken design was employed. By solving the quadratic regression model equation using appropriate statistic methods，the optimal concentrations for obtain 103.58mg/100ml extracellular polysaccharide production was calculated as: culture temperature 27.05℃, fermentation time 6.92d and volume of medium93.90ml. The experimental data under various conditions have validated the theoretical values.

  Study on the Extraction of Red-pigment from the Peel of Taiwan’s XiangLong Pitaya Zhang Weifeng, He Shenggen 2006, 22 (6):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 2197 )   PDF ( 168098KB )   ( 832 ) This paper deals with the best condition of extraction pigment from the peel of Taiwan's XiangLong Pitaya. the effect is obvious by the diffierent extraction, the Pitaya conditions of extracting pH, extracting temperature, extracting time were determined by mono factor and orthogonal experiment. The best resolve experiment conditions were that the pH was 5.0,the ratio of material to solvent was 6.4:1,extractlly temperature was 40℃ and its time was 60 min.

  A Method to Rapid Detection of Methamidophos Residue by Cholinesterase from Pig Liver Lu Bilin, Dong Aiping, Mao Zhichao 2006, 22 (6):  87-87.  Abstract + ( 1514 )   PDF ( 129510KB )   ( 681 ) Ellman reaction is a simple and sensitive method to analyze cholinesterase activity. A homogenate from pig liver was studied to get the best reaction condition through Ellman reaction, and it was found that this cholinesterase was very sensitive to Methamidophos, its lowest inhibition concent ration to this cholinesterase was 2.o mg/ kg, and had good promise to be used in detecting organophosphate and carbamate pesticide residue in agricultural products.

  Cleaning of the Food Factories Equipment and CIP System Wang Yi 2006, 22 (6):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1847 )   PDF ( 142783KB )   ( 664 ) Cleaning of the equipment and pipeline is vital in the food processing factory or the following precipitate will affect the food quality .CIP is an ideal equipment for cleaning and it’s expanding quick in factories, especially in dairy work. The following is the description on the principle and cleaning effect.

  The National Standards for Peanut Aflatoxin and the Technical Barriers in International Trade Duan Shufen, Hu Wenguang, Dai Liangxiang 2006, 22 (6):  95-95.  Abstract + ( 1559 )   PDF ( 180655KB )   ( 779 ) Aflatoxin content in peanut over the standard has become an important factor to restrict peanut export from our country in the recent years. Only in 2004, about 43 times of warning for aflatoxin content over the standard to the peanut exported from Shandong Province to EU was. In order to effectively evade the technical wall in international peanut trade, and to enhance the healthy development of peanut industry in China, this paper summarized the national standards for peanut aflatoxin limit and its determination, including aflatoxin limit index for peanut and its products at home and abroad. Combined with the current need of peanut trade in the world, some suggestions for standard-building and timely collection of the international standards for peanut aflatoxin were made, and the importance of strengthening the determination and research ability of peanut aflatoxin was discussed in this paper, which wished to provide a reference for raising China peanut competition in the international market.

  Analysis and Evaluation on the Nutritional Components in Stem Apex of Sweet Potato Du Lianqi, Zhao Yongguang, Li Runfeng 2006, 22 (6):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 110970KB )   ( 787 ) The nutritional components and microelements in stem apex of sweet potato from seven different varieties were determined in this experiment, and comparison with common vegetable was also made. The result showed that stem apex of sweet potato had various nutritional components which were higher in content than those in common vegetables except total sugar with lower level; most microelements, especially Mg、Mn、Fe and Zn, were higher in content than those in common vegetables, which provided scientific foundation for the utilization of stem apex of sweet potato as vegetable.

  Effect of Microwave on the Extraction of Soybean Oligosaccharides Wang Zhangcun, Liu Weidong, Wang Shanofeng 2006, 22 (6):  102-102.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 106395KB )   ( 557 ) The effect of microwave on the extraction of soybean oligosaccharides was researched. The results showed that the content of soybean oligosaccharides in solution increased with treatment of 500W microwave for 30min, the salts in extraction of soybean oligosaccharides could be easily removed by ion exchange resin method，which indicated microwave could improve process of soybean oligosaccharides.

  Model of Meteorology and Zoology on Cotton Fiber Strength Zhang Lijuan, , Zhang Dong-you, Xue Xiaoping, Xiong Zongwei, 2006, 22 (6):  105-105.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 180871KB )   ( 606 ) Based on existential research and data of a few experiments, it is proved that boll period average daily temperature , daily maximum temperature, daily relative humidity are pivotal factors effecting fiber strength, and varietal strength is crucial factor effecting ultimate fiber strength. Taking a reference that fiber strength is the easiest factor which are influenced by environment, we suggest a few models of fiber strength which are composed with more meteorology and zoology factor, and make simulated models and make to test for the models, and get the best model about daily maximum temperature and daily relative humidity, and the model is , . The two inosculate approximately in simulated values and observed values in 1:1 bar charts. RMSE between them is 1.0282 cN/tex. The result showed that the model was accurate and applicable under different conditions.

  Study in Mechanism of Control Ceratovauna Lanigera of Variety of Sugarane Xuan-50 Zhou Mingqing, Liu Fanzhi, Xie Huijue 2006, 22 (6):  110-110.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   PDF ( 284795KB )   ( 597 ) The mechanism of control ceratovauna lanigera of variety of sugarane xuan-50. The result showed that sugarane xuan-50 has fixed resistance and high and stable resistance to ceratovauna lanigera Zehuter. The resistance stems from fixed hereditary feature and physiology and biochemistry. That has resistance of formaticn features and phsiologr and biochemistry.

  Studies on Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Antimicrobial and Analgesic Part Extracted from Senecio Scandens Chen Jinjun, Nie Fanghong, Zhao Shengcai, Lin Hongying, Li Mingwei, Xu Xiaobin, Feng Yushang 2006, 22 (6):  117-117.  Abstract + ( 1388 )   PDF ( 164323KB )   ( 599 ) The preliminary chemical composition of Senecio scandens was examined by subentry extracting trial in cuvette, systemic extracting trial and round paper chromatographic trial, and pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in S. scandens and in antimicrobial and analgesic part extracted from S. scandens were analysed by test of silica gel thin layer chromatography (TLC) sprayed with Ehrlich reagent. The results showed that S. scandens mainly contained flavones, anthraquinones, phenolic substances, cardiac glycosides, amino acids, tannic materials, saponins, organic acids and alkaloids, that S. scandens did not contain cyanogenic glycosides, polypeptides, proteins, lactones, lipins and volatile oils, and that S. scandens did contain PAs but there was no PAs detected in the antimicrobial and analgesic part extracted from S. scandens.

  Study on the Genetic Model of Phosphorus Concentrations for the Different Organs in Wheat Xu Shuguo, Chen Lei, Hao Xi, Li Yan, Li Yang, Cui Dangqun 2006, 22 (6):  121-121.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   PDF ( 143743KB )   ( 603 ) In order to study the genetic model of phosphorus concentrations for the different organs in common wheat, the random blocks experiment in 2 environments for a set of diallel cross 8 parents was made. The results showed that the total phosphorus concentrations of grain，leaf and stem fitted additive—dominance—epistasis model in normal and Intimidate environments; dominance genes were increase effect for the total phosphorus concentrations of grain and leaf in normal environment; dominance genes were decrease effect for the total phosphorus concentrations of stem in normal environment and grain, leaf and stem in Intimidate environment. Offspring selecting and the parents selection to cross were discussed, according to the genetic models and gene distribution in parents.

  Mechanism and Effect of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Under Drought Stresses Wang Haiyi, Han Liebao, Huang Mingyong 2006, 22 (6):  124-124.  Abstract + ( 1711 )   PDF ( 147309KB )   ( 664 ) Drought is the main factor restricting agriculture production. Development on water-saving agriculture is a necessary trend and is an ultimate measure for resolving agricultural water resource scarcity and ensuring agricultural persistence development. The study on coupling effect of water and fertilizer is an important part. This paper summarizes the status of study on coupling effect of water and fertilizer and introduces the mechanism and the effect mainly, including the effect of water apply to conversion, assimilation, metabolism of plant nutrition; the effect of nutrition apply to water utilization; biological effect; the effect of ecology; the physiological index of plant. Furthermore, it proposes the study fields needed to be strengthened in the future: the impacts of fertilization on the quality of agricultural products and ecological environment and the development of more universal models of water and fertilizer coupling.

  Application of Non-oriented Traverse Conditional Adjustment in the Forest Control Measurement Zhang Jingdong He Ruizhen, Guo Baosheng, Jin hong 2006, 22 (6):  129-129.  Abstract + ( 1245 )   PDF ( 155478KB )   ( 765 ) In the forest and other non-intervisible section, in the control measurement, the non-oriented traverse was adopted to solve less control points and confined intervisibility. In the paper, the principle of conditional adjustment attached unknown was used to solved the problem; the precision of measurement value was analyzed. At last, an example was used to prove it a high efficiency, quick and economic method. It will have a widely foreground.

  A Research on ABT Root-inducing Powder Application in Sand Fixing Afforestation Zhang dunming. Xu xianying. Tangj jinnian. Jinhongxi 2006, 22 (6):  133-133.  Abstract + ( 1490 )   PDF ( 138785KB )   ( 585 ) The experiment was done in pivotal area harmed by sand and wind in brink of Hexi desert oasis in order to protect and resume vegetation in the area and improve environment. The different density solutions of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 150mg/kg, 200 mg/kg of ABT Root-inducing Powder and contrast ones were applied in the sand fixing afforestation to Calligonum sp., Hedysarum scopariun Fish. Et May and Haloxylon ammodenron May Bunge in shifting sand area. It shows that the all plants surviving ratios with ABT Root-inducing Powder solution seedlings are improved obviously comparing with the contrast ones. Particularly, the surviving ratios of Calligonum sp.and Hedysarum scopariun Fish. Et May reach to 98.462% and 81.429% by the ABT solution of 150 mg/kg, and it also has a positive function to the plant height growth, biomass accumulation and root system. However, the surviving ratio of Haloxylon ammodenron May Bunge in the solution of 200 mg/kg is more obvious than those of other density ones and contrast ones.

  On Rehabilitation of Forest within Native Tree Species in Panyu Chen Yong, Liao Shaobo, Li Weidong, Yin Guangtian, Sun Bing, Wang Haiyong, Li Kebin 2006, 22 (6):  137-137.  Abstract + ( 1708 )   PDF ( 117815KB )   ( 425 ) By investigating vegetation and the types of vegetation on the spot at Panyu in Guangzhou city, analyzing the main types of vegetation and soil status, combining the principle of eco-landscape forest and persisting in the fundament of optimizing configuration between zoology function and sight function, some proposals about tree species choice and constitution patterns of such kind of forest in the area were brought forward in the paper.

  Studies on San-Ding Cultivation Method for Super Rice Ⅱ.Effects of Different Fertilizer Rate Treatments on the Yield and Characteristics of Growth and Physiology Wang Shuhong, Zou Yingbin, Feng Yuehua, Ao Hejun 2006, 22 (6):  141-141.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   PDF ( 283702KB )   ( 571 ) The experiment with super hybrid rice (LiangYou 293 and ZhunLiangYou 527) was conducted in Changsha city (28°13′N) in 2004 and in 2005. 3 different fertilizer treatments of low rate (N 135kg/hm2+P 29.7kg/hm2+K 112.1kg/hm2), middle rate (N 180kg/hm2+ P 39.6kg/hm2+ K 149.4kg/hm2) and high rate (N 225kg/hm2+P 49.5kg/hm2+K 186.8kg/hm2) were experimented to study on the characteristics of the yield formation and the growth and physiology in super hybrid rice. The results show that there were significant differences of the yield and the yield components of panicle number, spikelets number per panicle, grain filling percentage and 1000 grain weigh between two years but not among the fertilizer treatments. The highest yield was harvested in the middle fertilizer rate treatment for both combinations, of which, in average, LiangYou 293 yielded 9.03t/hm2 and ZhunLiangYou 527 yielded 7.28t/hm2. The results also showed that proper nitrogen fertilizer rate was 150~180kg /hm2 for both LiangYou 293 and ZhunLiangYou 527. Compared with ZhunLiangYou 527, LiangYou 293 performed as early development, stronger tillering and rooting ability, low productive tiller percentage, high dry matter production in the early and mid-growth periods. ZhunLiangYou 527 had the high yielding performance with stable growth and high tiller productive percentage in the early and mid-growth periods and high photosynthesis productivity and translocation properties in the late growth periods.

  Comparison Studies on the Yield Characters of Hybrid F1 Combinations of PTGMS Lines Guangzhan 63S Crossing with Both Indica and Japonica Rice as Male Parent Qi Yuliang, Lu Zhaocheng, Yu Xinchun, Yu Minghui, He Daojun, Hu Jiantao 2006, 22 (6):  147-147.  Abstract + ( 1513 )   PDF ( 149915KB )   ( 546 ) PTGMS line Guangzhan 63s test cross with both indica and japonica rice as male parents was carried out in this experiment, producing 32 F1 combinations. The yield character performance of the two type F1 combinations was compared, both correlation analysis and path analysis between grain weight per plant and yield characters of the two type F1 combinations were investigated. The results showed that the seed set rate and 1000-grain weight of F1 combinations had significant heterosis when Guangzhan 63s crossed with indica rice as male parents. The number of panicles and grain weight per plant had extremely significant positive correlation. the seed set rate and grain weight per plant had significant positive correlation; the seed set rate and grain weight per plant of F1 combinations had extremely significant positive correlations when Guangzhan 63s crossed with japonica rice as male parents. The number of grains and grain weight per plant had significant positive correlation. The direct affects of yield characters on grain weight per plant differed from the two type F1 combinations. We proposed that using Guangzhan 63s crossing with indica rice is more advantageous to select practical hybrid combinations of strong heterosis than crossing with japonica rice.

  Review and Prospect of Seed-pelleting Technique Sun shouru，Zhu lei，Li yan，Zhao xiangmei，Yang ziqin 2006, 22 (6):  151-151.  Abstract + ( 2509 )   PDF ( 122923KB )   ( 608 ) In this paper, we detailedly reviewed the near years domestic and foreign seeds pill types, materials as well as produced-process，effect mechanism and quality specification of seed-pelleting, simultaneously according to the overseas present situation we proposed our country pill granulation development tendency was empoldered the comprehensive pill seed, Bond types and non-environmental damage pill technology in view of the high seed pill granulation technology cost, the inferior Specificity, the craft backwardness and the shortcoming of environmental protection.

  Area Effect of Tobacco Leaf Li Yugao 2006, 22 (6):  155-155.  Abstract + ( 1188 )   PDF ( 119225KB )   ( 529 ) The paper dealt with the relation between ecological environment and quality of tobacco leaf. There was significant difference in quality and chemical composition of tobacco leaf because of different ecological environment. The concept of area effect for tobacco leaf was put forward. Area effect for tobacco was affected by many factors, including soil, rain, temperature, light, etc. The significance of area effect was discussed in brief.

  Studies on Screening and Utilization of Somaclonal Variants in Sorghum Wang Liangqun, Wang Chengxiang, Bai Zhiliang, Yang wei, Liu Yong, Wu xiulan, Hou Liping 2006, 22 (6):  159-159.  Abstract + ( 1547 )   PDF ( 146836KB )   ( 534 ) Five types of explants including young embryo ,young inflorescence ,shoot tips，kernel and mature embryo were cultured . But regenerating ability varies greatly with the different explant types, among which calli from young inflorescence and young embryo has the best regenerating ability. Somaclonal variations were investigated in 166 R2 lines derived from nine genotypes .The results revealed that all the genotypes except two showed somaclonal variations .Among all ,the variation frequency of Jinliang No 5 was as high as 26%.The average frequency of all the investigated lines was 11.24%. Many somaclonal variants with special characters were obtained through variation screening method and one excellent hybrid named Jinza No 18 was developed and released.

  Effect of Different Sowing Time to Waxy Corn ZhengheinuoNo1 Zhou Bo, Hu Xuean, Wei Liangming, Zhu Zihua 2006, 22 (6):  163-163.  Abstract + ( 1334 )   PDF ( 135256KB )   ( 548 ) The field experiments of different seeding dates of waxy corn variety “ZhengheinuoNo1”were done at Kaifeng Henan in 2005. Comparison by different breeding time during the fresh-ear harvest fresh times, plant height, output of fresh ear, the trait and quality of fresh-ear The result showed that the appropriate direct seeding time in the open field for the variety “ZhengheinuoNo1”planted in Henan area is April 20~July 9. The results gave some scientific basis for the popularizing of this variety in a larger scale of Henan Province.

  Breeding of Potato Variety “Kexin No.17” Specially for French Fries and Problems on Potato Breeding for Quality and Others Sheng Wanmin, Cao Shumin, Li Chengjun, Jing Guanghui, Li Fengyun, Niu Zhimin 2006, 22 (6):  166-166.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 129077KB )   ( 513 ) This paper introduces the breeding of new potato cultivar “Kexin No.17”which is special for French Fries. In 1997 by hybridizing between F81109, a high yield and high commercial tuber ratio cultivar, and B5141-6, an American cultivar which is characterized by its high matter content, lower reducing sugar content and good quality for French fries. By many years of selection, Kexing No17 was bred with white skin and the same color flesh. Kexing No17 was examined and approved as extension cultivar by Heilongjiang Crop Cultivar Examination and Approval in 2005. KexingNo.17 is a good French fries and high yield cultivar with resistant to viruses , and its dry matter content is about 23.37%, Vc 20.43mg/100g fresh tuber, Reducing sugar 0.213%. At the same time, the issues of how we select the parents and treat the progeny population for potato quality breeding are also discussed in the paper.

  Zhou Dou-11 Differently Broadcast the Time, the Density and the Output ConstitutionFactor and the Output Relations Studies Geng Zhen, Yang Qingchuen, Yuan Baojun 2006, 22 (6):  170-170.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 110478KB )   ( 517 ) In 2004 in Sanmen Straits, Nanyang two, uses 5 broadcasts the time, 4 kind of densities two factors randomized block arrangement design. Studied week bean 11 in differently broadcasts under the time, the density condition the output constitution factor and the output change. The result indicates: In 20 processing, sow seeds by June 8th, the density is 262500/hm2 processing output is highest. But hundred grains heavy cofficient of variation is smallest in the output constitution factor, explains it is one correlation stable character.

  Review for Study of Low Phytic Acid Breeding in Soybean Yuan Feng-jie,, Shu Qing-yao, Zhu Danhua 2006, 22 (6):  173-173.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 116449KB )   ( 497 ) Most of the P in soybean seed is stored in the form of phytic acid (myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaphosphate), and phytic acid is anti-nutritional factor to human being and nonruminant livestock. Lowering the phytate content would improve the bioavailability of trace element, protein and total P in the soybean seeds, decrease excess waste of P and reduce P pollution in water system. The objective of this article is to review the research development of soybean low phytate lines and their genetic, agronomic and nutritional characteristics.

  Review on Conservation Tillage of Double Cropping System in North China Plain Feng Jukai, Cui Yanhong, Zhen Rui, Li Shaokun 2006, 22 (6):  177-177.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 147424KB )   ( 691 ) Wheat-Maize double cropping system played a very important role in agriculture production in North China Plain, but the traditional tillage method has hindered sustainable agricultural development. Conservation tillage technology is an advanced technology which can protect soil from erosion and can keep soil moist, and is a key technology for keeping the development of sustainable agricultural in this area. In order to offer reference for extension of conservation tillage of two crops a year in North China Plain, this article introduced the definition，principle, history and development of conservation tillage and concluded the influence of conservation tillage system on insemination，emergence，farmland weed，crops growth development and crops yield.

  The Study on Selection of wheat Varieties with Distant Hybrid Technique Zhang Rongqi, Chen Chunhuan, Zhao Xiaonong, Zhong Guanchang 2006, 22 (6):  186-186.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 89977KB )   ( 605 ) Some new germplasm resources, alien addition lines and substitution lines, were created by crossing between octoploid Tritielytrigia types and Triticum aestivum. With the germplasm resources and common wheat crossing, various types wheat varieties were developed. The early maturing type variety Zaoyou 504 is 5 to 7 days earlier than CK Xiaoyan No.6. The high yield and good quality variety Xiaoyan 503 is 3.9% increase over CK Shan229. It contains 165g/kg protein. The precipitation value is 46.4ml, and the stabilization time is 13.0 minutes. The high yield and resistance to adverse circumstance variety Xiaoyan 597 is noted for its resistance to drought and excessive rain in later period.

  Study on the Strategies of High Grain Yield for the Direct Seeding Single Late Japonica Rice in North Zhejiang Tang Meiling, Cheng Wangda 2006, 22 (6):  189-189.  Abstract + ( 1221 )   PDF ( 108427KB )   ( 457 ) Based on the survey data in 82 fields of direct-seeded late Japonica rice at Jiaxing in North Zhejiang, statistically analyzed by means of multivariate regression analysis and path-coefficient analysis, the ways for high yield of direct-seeded late Japonica rice in North Zhejiang Province were studied. The results showed that the effective panicle per hm2, filled grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight had positive effects on yield, and filled grain number per panicle was the largest and the second was the effective panicle per hm2. For obtaining higher yield of direct-seeded late Japonica rice, it is necessary to develop the filled grain number per panicle and increase the 1000-grain weight by improving the grain-filling quality on the basis of obtaining a suitable effective panicle number which will insure high yield. It was suggested that the yield component for 9500 kg/hm2 yield of the direct-seeded late Japonica rice in North Zhejiang Province might be 125×104/hm2 of planting seedling, 630×104/hm2 of peak seedling, 450×104/hm2 of effective panicle, above100 grains of total grain number per panicle, 90-95 grains of filled grain per panicle and 26 g of 1000-grain weight under the present practice.

  Different Peanut Several Qualities Characters and Main Quantity Character Correlation Analysis Su Qiu-qin 2006, 22 (6):  192-192.  Abstract + ( 1295 )   PDF ( 106484KB )   ( 560 ) Through 150 different (crawl, half vine, 直立) the ordinary peanut several qualities characters and the main quantity character correlation analysis indicates: The peanut quality character and the main quantity character relevance has the certain difference. And in half vine peanut has the possibility in crawl simultaneously obtains the high production, the high protein material or the low oil, the high production, the high O/L value, the high protein material; Has the possibility in 直立 the peanut simultaneously obtains the high protein, the high oil, the high production material or the high oil, the high O/L value material.

  Chemical Regulation of the Setting Percentage and Filling Rate of Hybrid rice Huang Shengmou, Zou Yingbin 2006, 22 (6):  195-195.  Abstract + ( 1419 )   PDF ( 93595KB )   ( 568 ) The lower sink (grains) activity of inferior grains of hybrid rice causes lower setting percentage, grains-filling rate and transportation rate of organic substance, and greatly restrict rice yield raising further. In order to enhance the setting percentage and grains-filling rate of inferior grains, taking spray of water as control, apply DCPTA, zeatin and two other plant hormones at heading stage, and examine its effect on yield, setting percentage and grains-filling rate of superior and inferior grains at autumn. The results indicated that application of DCPTA and zeatin could significantly increase the yield of hybrid rice liangyoupeijiu. The reason was that it could increase the setting percentage and grains-filling rate of inferior grains, whereas it has not significant effect on superior grains.

  The Potential and Prospect of Supper High Yielding of Soybean Varieties in Heilongjiang Province Lin Weigang 2006, 22 (6):  198-198.  Abstract + ( 1184 )   PDF ( 164291KB )   ( 602 ) Soybean in China is mainly distributed in Heilongjiang province. It’s very important for improving the average yield of per unit area and satisfying strong need in domestic soybean market to search after super high yielding. The article summarized soybean yield inscapes, agronomic management factors, and natural conditions and indicated that, following improvement of varieties and agronomic management factors, it is possible to achieve super high yield in relatively small plots. It acts as an important directing role for super high yielding to achieve high yield in large area.

  Effect of the Water Content of Soil on Bleeding Intensity of Japonica Rice Shuijing 3 Yin Haiqing, Wang Yuetao, Zhao Quanzhi, Wang Shengxuan, Bai Tao 2006, 22 (6):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1157 )   PDF ( 103858KB )   ( 475 ) Under different soil the treatments of moisture, the pot experiments were carried out to research the bleeding intensity of base department to the spike neck. Results indicate: the bleeding quantity of base department and the spike neck has prominent difference, but their variation tendency in different periods is about the same. Difference of them prove flow intensity of spike neck not only relate to roots vigor, may have close ties with the leaf, stem sheath and activity of capacity of reservoir. The water content of soil up to 100% is favorable to growth of rice.

  Influence of Trehalose on Rapeseed Germination and Seedlings Physiology under Osmotic Stress Tang Shaohu, Zhou Qigui, Sun Min, Chang Laiwang 2006, 22 (6):  206-206.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 156192KB )   ( 638 ) Seeds and seedlings of rape cv. Yuhuang No.1 were treated with 25 %PEG-6000 in combination with different concentrations (5 and 25 m mol/L) of trehalose (TH) and control to study the influence of external TH on rapeseed germination and seedlings growth and physiology under the osmotic stress. The results showed that 25 m mol/L TH could promote germination of rapeseed and seedlings growth under the osmotic stress, and the germination rate increased by 19.52%, the germination index increased by 33.12% and the vigor index increased by 1.76 times. At the same time, 25 m mol/L TH alleviated the accumulation of MDA by 37.77 % and accelerated the accumulation of proline by 6.96 %, and significantly enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POD) by 33.11%, superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 1.4 times and catalase (CAT) by 51.08 %. In comparison with these changes, the effects of lower concentration of TH (5 m mol/L) and corresponding control were not so obvious. The above results indicate that higher concentration of TH (25 m mol/L) could promote the germination of rapeseed and the seedlings growth under the osmotic stress.

  The Keys of Generation Adventitious Buds from Leaves of Sweet Cherry in Vitro Zhou Yu, Zhang Kaichun, Yan Guohua, Zhao Yuhui, Niu Aiguo, Li Wensheng 2006, 22 (6):  210-210.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 189099KB )   ( 468 ) The state of tube seedlings of cherry in vitro was improved remarkably by increasing concentration of sugar in medium properly. Proliferation rate was 1~2 times to 25~30 times that concentration of sugar from 2% to 6% in F14 medium and color of leaf from dim yellow-green into luster deep green,keep life from 15 days to 70 days. Adventitious shoots were induced from leaves after processed 4 stages culture.The regeneration rate is 91%. It was made a comprehensive survey of that ① The distinguishing feature tube seedlings which leaves were little and shoots were exuberant were gained by inducing common sweet cherry subculturing tube seedlings by planted them to F14 medium (addition 6-BA0.5mg/L+IBA0.05mg/L+GA30.2mg/L+sucrose6%+agar7.0g/L，pH5.8) for 30 days. ②The expanded and furled leaves were collected from the shoots. Each immature leaf was cut several times just across the midrib then droped it in 0.1%VC sterile water immediately and kept 1-30minutes so as to absorb water and prevent to be oxidized,place them on MS,F14 or WPM medium（addition 6-BA2mg/L+2，4-D2mg/L+sucrose 4%+agar7.0g/L，pH5.8）for 3~4days.then tissues of edge of leaves were dedifferentiated. ③placed leaves on WPM medium modified only with 1/2 marco（addition 6-BA2mg/L+IAA2mg/L+sucrose 4%+agar7.0g/L，pH5.8）and enviroment control(light intensity at 2000lux and illuminated for 15h/d.temperature was controled at 20℃ in light period and 15℃ in dark)for 20-30 days. Colorless and translucent callus were induced in beginning then it’s color turn into red with progressively rich for endogenous anthocyanins were induced.④placed leaves on F14 medium（addition 6-BA0.5mg/L+IBA0.05mg/L+GA32mg/L+ sucrose 6%+ agar 7.0g/L，pH5.8）for 20 days.then adventitious shoots were regenerated from red callus and callus’s red color was fading.

  Study on Physiological biochemistry of Callus Browning in Three Upland Cottons Shi Hairong, Wang Qinglian, Lu Yuzhen 2006, 22 (6):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 108590KB )   ( 546 ) The result that normal and browning callus of 713、baimian1 and baimian3 was measured on solubility protein、SOD enzyme、CAT enzyme、IAA enzyme、PPO enzyme and gossypol showed that callus browning was in relation to the activity of PPO enzyme and the quantity of gossypol, Browning leaded to be lower activity of SOD enzyme、IAA enzyme and CAT enzyme,reducing of protein synthesize.

  The Comparison and Research of the Bleeding Strength in the Paddy Rice of Different Panicle-Type Dong Jiasheng, In Haiqing, Hao quanzhi 2006, 22 (6):  218-218.  Abstract + ( 1344 )   PDF ( 105717KB )   ( 482 ) The bleeding intensity at the different part of paddy rice with different-type was studied by using the varieties of Shennong 265, YuJing No.6 and Shuijing No.3 at the field experiments. The results indicated that: (1) the bleeding intensity has very big difference in different part during the growth periods of the rice species of the same Panicle-Type. (2) The trend of the bleeding intensity in different part of the paddy rice species is consistence, and its total trend is descendent. (3) The bleeding intensity in each part of the paddy rice species of the bent Panicle-Type is higher when comparing the erection Panicle-Type.

  Effect of Magnetized Water on Contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in Cucumber Leaves Wang Junhua, Shao Linsheng, Song Minli, Wang Ruigang, Cheng Yonggang, Yan Jianbin 2006, 22 (6):  221-221.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 119734KB )   ( 528 ) The influences of magnetized water on contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in cucumber leaves in protected field of winter-spring was researched, the cultivars was Hanxiu and Lushang dingfeng No.1. The results showed as follows: During the growing period of cucumber leaves, the variation of N and P contents were one-peak pattern curve, and that of k, Ca and Mg were two-peak pattern curve .After treated by magnetized water, there were very remarkable differences in contents of P and Mg in Hanxiu leaves, remarkable difference in Ca content, and no significant differences in N and K contents. For Lusheng dingfeng No.1, only Mg content had very remarkable difference between two treatments, the rest were not significant.

  Study on Multiplying Buds Induction and Adjustment of Propagation Coefficient in Garlic Tang Qinglin, Wang Zhimin, Song Ming, Wang Xiaojia, Wang Pingli, Xiang Qiaoyan 2006, 22 (6):  224-224.  Abstract + ( 1744 )   PDF ( 101567KB )   ( 616 ) The experiments about tissue culture of Garlic shoot-tip were made in MS mediums supplemented with different phytohormones. And then the best medium for rapid propagation of Garlic was obtained. The results were as follows: the optimized medium for inducing callus was MS+BA 0.2mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L, and the growth rate of callus was 60%. The suitable medium for inducing adventitious buds was MS +BA1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L, and the highest propagatiion rate reached 80%. At the same time, the effects of different phytohormones, pH and glutamate on the propagation coefficient in Garlic have been researched. Then the results indicated: Propagation coefficient is raised to 13.8 in the medium supplemented with 0.5mg/L GA3. And it also can be raised in pH5.8. Propagation coefficient in subculture is remained at high level in 10mg/L glutamate.

  A Study on the Dynamic Changes of Phenolic Compounds in Leaves, Fruit, and Calyx of Mopan Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. f.cv. Mopan) Wei Yongle, Hu Huiling, Tao Pang, Ren Jie, Leng Ping 2006, 22 (6):  227-227.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   PDF ( 104308KB )   ( 590 ) Mopan Persimmon is the major cultivar of astringent persimmon in northern China. This experiment followed the contents of phenolic compounds in leaves, fruit flesh, and fruit calyx in different growing stages of Persimmon, the results showed that: the content of phenolic compounds in fruit calyx increased constantly, this change pattern was fully different with that of the fruit flesh; the phenolic compounds in the leaves was always higher than that in the fruit flesh; the differences existed in the contents of phenolic compounds between branches with fruits and branches without fruit: Before the end of August, the contents value of branches with fruits was higher than the value of branches without fruit, after the end of August, on the contrary, the contents value of branches with fruits was lower than the value of branches without fruit.

  Effects of Different Treatments on Mitosis of Pea Root Tip Cells Chen Yuhe, Qin Suping, Lin Xiaohu 2006, 22 (6):  230-230.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 111699KB )   ( 564 ) The objective of this study was to detect the mitotic index and metaphase index of low temperature, 0.002mol/L 8-quinolinol, 0.01g/Lcolchicines, intermixture of 0.002 mol/L 8-quinolinol and 0.01g/L colchicines (v:v=1:1) on pea root tip cells under the condition of in vitro and nor in vitro respectively. Under the condition of in vitro, the mitotic index was 2.15% higher than that of the check when the root tip cells were treated in 0.002mol/L 8-quinolinol while the metaphase index got 2.50% higher than that of the check when cells were treated in low temperature. Under the condition of non in vitro, mitotic index of was 2.15% higher than that of the check when cells were treated in low temperature while the metaphase index reached 1.15% higher than that of the check in 0.01g/Lcolchicines. The mitotic index and metaphase index were much higher in vitro than that in non in vitro.

  Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels and Proportions of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Yi Jianhua, Zhang Xinyao, Pu Wenxuan, Yuan Shihao, Liu Weiqun, Guo Qunzhao 2006, 22 (6):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 164618KB )   ( 585 ) A field plot trial was conducted in 2003, which was to preliminary studies that the effect of different nitrogen levels and proportions of organic, inorganic fertilizer on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco at the experiment soil. The result showed that the yield was moderate, the supper tobacco leaves rate was high and the economic value was best when each plant was applied 7g nitrogen and 28g cake fertilizer.

  Evaluation of Silicon Supplying Capacity in Paddy Soil in different pH by Parameter of Adsorption Isotherm Equation Xu Qi,, Han Chunlan, Liu Yang, Liu Mingda, He Zhongke, Wang Yawen, Tian Wenxia 2006, 22 (6):  237-237.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 112966KB )   ( 671 ) The adsorption and desorption experiment with low concentration silicon and pot experiments were conducted on seven paddy soil in different pH, and the relation between silicon supplying capacity and the parameters of adsorption isotherm were studied. The results showed that, In low silicon concentration conditions, the linear equation, which was found to be more suitable in describing silicon adsorption characteristics of soil. There are very significant linear positive correlations between value and rice relative yield or relative silicon content in plant. Therefore, value can be an index for assessing silicon -supplying capacity in paddy soil in different pH.

  Studies on the Effects of Bio-Organic Fertilizer on the Yield of Cassava Luo Xinglu, Cen Zhongyong, Pan Yinghua, Liao Cheng, Shao Zhifang 2006, 22 (6):  240-240.  Abstract + ( 1506 )   PDF ( 269617KB )   ( 682 ) The effects of bio-organic fertilizer on the yield of cassava were studied in this experiment, of which the cassava variety FUXUAN01 and the bio-organic fertilizer produced by LIDA company were used as materials. The result showed that not only can the bio-organic fertilizer promote the stems and leaves of cassava growth, increase the chlorophyll content and the photosynthesis of leaves, and improve the physiological metabolism of cassava but also strengthen physiological function of anti-senility, promote the photosynthetic organism to transfer to the tuber root and increase the yield and starch content in the tuber root of cassava.

  Nitrate Leaching Characteristics in Deep Soil Layer for Different Fertilization Methods Fu Yuqin,, Lei Yuping, Zheng Li,Geng Qingguo 2006, 22 (6):  245-245.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   PDF ( 205374KB )   ( 619 ) Nitrate leaching in deep unsaturated zone was studied by getting 18 meters soil samples. The result show: nitrate leaching in different fertilizer treatment mainly occurred in 0-4 meter soil layers, the place of nitrate peak went down 0.2-0.6 meters, in high fertilizing field, nitrate leaching was also found in 6.7-8 and 13-15 meters, the more fertilizer used, the more leaching and accumulated nitrate were found in soil profile; Variability of accumulated nitrate in deep unsaturated zone were only found in 4 meter soil profile, especially in root zone soil layer, accumulated nitrate was linear with fertilization, more than 1800 kg/hm2 nitrate were accumulated in the unsaturated zone under root zone.

  The Character about Absorbing and Desorption of Phosphorus in Profile of Paddy Soil Wang Daohan, Chen Xin, Liang Chenghua 2006, 22 (6):  249-249.  Abstract + ( 1085 )   PDF ( 130879KB )   ( 596 ) The migration behavior of phosphorus（P） in the soil profile is in close relation with environmental question of the underground water body. The question, whether P taking place vertical transportation in the soil, remains not clear. In order to probe into P vertical migration behavior and function mechanism in the soil profile deeply, paddy soil of Shenyang area was selected and studied. The results are as follows: different levels soil absorbs to P can be described with Langmuir equation and the rate of desorption of P was increased with depth of soil levels, which maybe help P to move vertically.

  Studies on Responses of Alfalfa（Medicago sativa L.）to Zn and Mn Fertilizers Jie Xiaolei, Guo Xiao, Li Jianping, Hu Huafeng 2006, 22 (6):  252-252.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 108061KB )   ( 445 ) Based on the climate and soil conditions of Henan province，the physiologic functions of Zn and Mn and the existing problem of alfalfa（Medicago sativa L.）production，this paper studied the responses to the coordinate use of two trace element fertilizers（Zn and Mn）in alfalfa grassland，and analyzed the applied range and concrete measures. The results showed that effective applied concentration ranged from 400mg/kg to 500 mg/kg with the optimum concentration being 430mg/kg. Coordinate use of Zn（430mg/kg）and Mn（380mg/kg）could increase the forage yield by 10.7% and the seed yield by 13.7%, respectively, showed a better productive effect.

  Effects of Paste Foliage Fertilizer and Liquid Calcium on the Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage Sun Mingde, Zhang Lin, Cao Bing, Xu Qiuming 2006, 22 (6):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1763 )   PDF ( 119152KB )   ( 649 ) Effects of 3 kinds of paste foliage fertilizer and liquid Calcium fertilizer on the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage were studied. The results of research showed that foliar fertilization of 3 kind of paste fertilizers including macronutrient, humic acid, amino acid increased the yield of Chinese cabbage by 4.3%~6.2% and foliar fertilization of liquid calcium fertilization increased the yield of Chinese cabbage by 10.5%. Applying such foliar fertilizers decreased the content of nitrate and increased the Vc content in the Chinese cabbage.

  Studies on Mixed Application of Trace Element Fertilizers to Fine Forage Maize Guo Xiao, Jie Xiaolei, Li Ming, Hu Huafeng 2006, 22 (6):  258-258.  Abstract + ( 1293 )   PDF ( 126950KB )   ( 499 ) The trial results showed that Zn、B、Mn fertilizers could promote forage maize growth, enforced resistance and enhance the yield of grain and forage under certain concentrations. Of all three trace elements, 800×10-6 is most suitable to B which can increase LAI by 7.27% forage yield by 8.42%; 600×10-6 is most suitable to Mn which can increase LAI by 5.36% and forage yield 6.30%; Zn（600×10-6）can promote grain production significantly by 9.23%.

  Variations of Main Nutrition Components During Fruit Developing Process of Ziziphus jujuba cv. dongzao and Ziziphus jujuba cv. linyilizao Zhao Zhihui, Zhou Junyi, Liu Mengjun, Yang Lei, Tian Shoule 2006, 22 (6):  261-261.  Abstract + ( 1734 )   PDF ( 135704KB )   ( 709 ) In order to understand the rules of fruit quality development of fresh eating chinese jujube cultivars, we determined soluble sugar, titratable acid and vitamin C with methods of iodimetry titration, neutralization titration and 2,6-Dichlorophenolindophenol titration. The results showed that variation of the content of soluble sugar in Linyilizao and Dongzao had the same trend. In the earlier stage of fruit development, the changes of the content of soluble sugar were not evident. Near to maturation stage, soluble sugar accumulated rapidly. In the ealier stage of fuit development, the result of the comparison of glucose, fructose and sucrose was as follows: fructose>glucose>sucrose. At maturation stage, the result turned to sucrose >fructose>glucose. In the earlier stage of fruits development, the content of titratable acid was high. With the development of fruit the content of titratable acid decreased. At the stage of fruit maturation, the content of titratable acid increased lightly. The content of vitamin C had the following trend in the course of fruit development: low-high-low.

  A Study on New Varieties of Vegetable Soybean and its High-yield Cultivar’s Technique in Jiangsu Province Chen Xin, Tang Hao, Yan Jiyong, Yi Jingxin, Gao Bing, Zhang Zhiming 2006, 22 (6):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1571 )   PDF ( 117532KB )   ( 468 ) Vegetable soybean is one of the main vegetable crops in Jiangsu Province; the plant area is about 53,000 ha. From 1999, and the provincial experiment of vegetable soybean was conducted in Jiangsu for selecting the better varieties; about 8 varieties were confirmed from that time. This paper also gives an introduction to the main vegetable soybean varieties suit for Jiangsu province in two different cultivator systems and its cultivator techniques.

  Problem and Thinking about Production Development of Sunlight Greenhouse on the Loess Plateau in North Shaanxi Province Dang Yong-hua, Wu Jin-e 2006, 22 (6):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1495 )   PDF ( 112973KB )   ( 564 ) This paper elaborates the development advantage and current situation of sunlight greenhouse in North Shaanxi province, and makes a deep investigation and research to the environment–friendly vegetable standardization production. The thesis analyzed completely five restrictive factors for implementing environment–friendly vegetable standardization production in North Shaanxi province. The conclusions are drawn as follows: the region is lacking of the social consciousness and atmosphere of non-polluted vegetable standardization production and consumption; the quality and efficiency of production is low; the marketing mechanisms for “high price and good quality” is not built yet; the systems of supervision and measure mechanisms for non-polluted vegetable is not established; extension service and industrialization governance can not be offered for the greenhouses vegetable production; the production scale and trade mark for local products need to be perfected; farmers low quality in science and technology and so on. Based on these restrictive factors, some strategies on how to carry out the sustainable development are put forward. Suggestions contain playing advantage of climate resources well, making out installation layout rationally, realizing brands-strategies, pushing environment-friendly production, enhancing a sense of science, promoting market competition and scientific management, improving production level, strengthening organization, taking a comprehensive way of industrialization.

  The Y Series Dwarfing Apple Stocks which of the Early Fruiting Preliminary Report on Breeding Yang Tingzhen, Qin Guoxin, Wang Qian, Gao Jingdong, Li Kunpeng, Xu Haihong, Han Feng 2006, 22 (6):  273-273.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 262782KB )   ( 616 ) By selecting dwarfing apple rootstocks from Malus baccata（L.）Borkh. in Northwest-Shanxi,which is a wild Malus rootstock resource, we chose 571 plants among the mature seedlings of grafting apple varieties, which form flower buds in the same year and can bloom the next year. Among these, 325 plants can bear fruit in the same year it is planted, which we named “Y series” temporarily. In addition, we carried out field investigation and synthetic evaluation on blooming, fruiting, the amount of growth, as well as the over-winter performance of these plants。After 5-year hard work, we have preliminarily selected 80 major cliques。As the preliminary test shows, Y series of apple stocks have a strong resistance, an outstanding habit of early-blooming and early-fruiting, a good compatibility of varieties after grafting. Some single cliques have a distinct trend of dwarfing, which brings it a bright application future.

  An Elementary Study on the Test Result of Pea Varieties Comparison in dry year of Loess Hilly Areas Dong Liguo, Cai Jinjun, Xu Xuelu, Zhang Yuanrun, Ji Bo, Wang Yueling, Li Shengbao, Jiang Qi, Ma Buchao, Huo Yong 2006, 22 (6):  277-277.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   PDF ( 112927KB )   ( 473 ) We have studied the adaptability and fertility of pea varieties, and so on. The result showed that local variety has better property in the drought year, but its nutrition composition and market price are lower. Although other introduced varieties are significantly lower than the local varieties with yield, but their nutrition composition, market prices, food quality is higher than the local variety, and the trail should be kept continuously.

  The Study of Chemical Regulation on Florescence of Lilium oriental “Sorbonne” Cai Xuanmei, Lin Zhen, Zheng Dajiang, Fang Shaozhong, Lin Jie 2006, 22 (6):  280-280.  Abstract + ( 1573 )   PDF ( 129195KB )   ( 620 ) Effect of different concentration gibberellin , kinetin ,ethephon and their mixture on florescence of Lilium oriental “Sorbonne”was studied in this paper. The results indicated that all the treatments affected florescence in different degree. The effect of treatments with GA3100＋KT100＋CEPA 200 was most obvious, the next is GA3 300＋KT 50, and they had high flower quality than that of CK. The effect in solvent of 25% acetone is superior to that of water.

  Effects of Different Root Stocks on Disease Resistance and Main Economic Characters in Cucumber Feng Chunmei, Mo Yunbin, Chen Haiping 2006, 22 (6):  283-283.  Abstract + ( 1608 )   PDF ( 81196KB )   ( 640 ) 5 root stocks were selected to graft with local main cucumber variety Jinyou1.The main characters for grafting compatibility, resistance to Meloidogyne, yield and quality were checked and analyzed. The results indicated that synthetic character of the grafting cucumbers with Yunnan Cucurbita ficifolia as root stock was the best.

  Study on Seed Germination of Rosa Multiflora in Sterile Condition Han Yi, Zhao Liangjun 2006, 22 (6):  285-285.  Abstract + ( 1698 )   PDF ( 151493KB )   ( 637 ) The paper probed into the impact of cold storage time, gibberellic acid concentration and different substrates to speeding up sterile germination by using four varieties of Rosa multiflora seed (R.multiflora f.carnea,R.multiflora ‘inermis No.3’, R.multiflora ‘inermis No.4’and R.multiflora ‘inermis No.11’).According to the tests, we find that:(1)cold storage time is the most important factor for seed germination; (2)the germination of three inermis varieties can be up to 90 to 100 percent on 10 to 15 days cold storage and 0.05 to 0.1 mg/L gibberellic acid concentration, but the maximal germination of R.multiflora f.carnea was just at 73 percent; (3)on substrates, the sand is more suit for germination than the vermiculite.

  Isolation and Identification of Bacteria of Antagonism against Neurospora sitophila Lui Yuelian, He Hong, Yuan Hongxu, Fu Deqing 2006, 22 (6):  292-292.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 255295KB )   ( 498 ) There were four strains (ED013, ED014, ED015 and ED018) isolated from dry leave of Eucalypts that could antagonize to Neurospora sitophila. After growing on the martin`s plates, their inhibition zones followed by ED018, ED013, ED015, ED014 were 26.2mm, 24.1mm, 23.8mm, 19.0mm respectively, and there was no significant difference among them, but all of them had significant difference with N-(benzimidazolyl-2)methyl carbamate. The ED018 could inhibit the spore germination of N. sitophila and the mycelial growth on the cotton shell media. In another way it didn’t work to the growth of most of common edible fungus expect Volvariella vovacen, and it did to Aspergillus niger but most of common fungus causing contamination. 4 strains all were identified as Bacillus.

  Studies of the Damage Caused by the Main Diseases and Worm of Liaoning Chun Maize Liu Ya-chen, Cong Bin, Han Bing, Sun wen-peng 2006, 22 (6):  297-297.  Abstract + ( 1304 )   PDF ( 168151KB )   ( 539 ) The thesis adopt the inoculation method, studied the maize yield loss and component influence of different grade of diseases and the amount of worm, and studied the mixed damage of maize Ostrinia furnacalis (A), Curvularia lunata (B), Exserohilum turcicum(C), Sphacelotheca reiliana(D) and economic threshold. The result showed that the main damage influence of diseases and worm was thick of ear, grains of row and the weight of one hundred grains, the grade of disease and the amount of worm had significant positive correlation to yield loss; the relationship of diseases and worm was complex, the yield loss of mixed damage was occupied 41.48% of the total damage of the single, the sequence was A＜C＜B＜D＜ABCD＜(A+B+C+D), the simulated models of mixed damage and economic threshold were developed.

  Influence of Various Composing Proportions of Rice Brown Planthopper Biotypes on Resistance of Rice Varieties Huang Suosheng,, Huang Fengkuan, Wei Sumei, Long Liping, Jiang Xianbin,, Cheng Zhengxin 2006, 22 (6):  301-301.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   The influence of various composing proportions of rice brown planthopper biotypeⅡ and biotype Bangladesh on resistance of rice varieties were studied by using the rotational composite design of quadratic regression. The result indicated that the resistance of IR36 will be changed to susceptible when the proportion of biotype Bangladesh was 69.40% and that of biotypeⅡ was from 30.04% to 30.60%.

  Study on Insecticidal Activity of Vitex negundo Extracts Liao Shichun, Zeng Tao, Wei Qiaoxian 2006, 22 (6):  304-304.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   The results showed that the extracts of foliage, seed, and root-cortex of Vitex negundo each contain some insecticidal activity against pests, but the primary insecticidal activity were in foliage and seed. The extracts of dimethylbenzene in foliage, not only had the higher insecticidal activity against Pieris rapae(L.), Prodenia litura (Fabricius), and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) of which the LC50 values was 186 times, 259 times, and 371 times respectively, but also had the morer antifeeding effect against Pieris rapae(L.).

  A Theory of Integrated Control of Huanglongbing and It’s Application Deng Mingxue 2006, 22 (6):  307-307.  Abstract + ( 1258 )   Huanglongbing is a cosmopolitan and destructive disease, besides its distribution in Asia and Africa，now the disease and its vector –citrus psylla have been found in Brazil and America as well. Due to citrus psylla is the only vector of huanglongbing and disease-free seedlings cannot be cultured in isolation, huanglongbing has become the biggest obstacle in the development of citrus industry in Guangxi. A new theory of integrated control of huanglongbing has been proposed and applied for three years in the largest citrus planting area. The new theory described that huanglongbing is the most destructive disease and citrus psylla is the most destructive pest. Integrated control citrus psylla is the most effective means in the integrated control system of huanglongbing in the diseased area. The new theory is applied in the test area for three years, the total incidence of huanglongbing in the test area was 0.74% , less 8.68% than the total incidence (9.42%)in the contrastⅠ, less 6.40% than the total incidence(7.14%) in the contrastⅡ.

  Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria against Botrytis cinerea Qi Aiyong, Wei Dongsheng, Liu Daqun, Zhang Ting 2006, 22 (6):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1545 )   Through plate-method and leaf-disc method, 12 strains antagonistic bacteria to Botrytis cinerea Pers. Were obtained by isolating 96 samples of tomato soils, roots, leaves and flowers, The inhibition zone test showed that the antagonistic bacteria against the pathogen varied with the isolates. Among them, the inhibition zone diameter of isolate B21 was 35 mm, had the strongest and stable inhibiting activity. Indoors, the control effects of B21 suspension and 10 fold diluted culture filtrate on the diseased tomato leaves were 98.68% and 98.03%, which was obviously better than those by 45% carbendazim(500 times).

  A Study on the Occurrence of Postosia Brevitarsis Leiwis and Its Prevention & Control Technology He Sheng, Zhou Zerong, Wu Zhaoping, Wang Chaoyang, Han Xianxu, Ye Xinyu, Zhao Zhulian, Wang Ye 2006, 22 (6):  314-314.  Abstract + ( 1813 )   Potosia brevitarsis Lewis is a kind of new pest currently found on the crops, fruit trees and forest woods in Changji area, Xinjiang Ugur Autonomous Region. Its occurrence and harm is growing increasingly severe every year. The researchers adopted a series of research methods including quasi-random sampling on a large scale, multi-case observation and simulated insect gardens and learned about its morphological characteristics and the kinds of its host crops. Based on that, a tentative prevention and control framework was proposed in the paper such as artificial elimination, collective trapping and killing, dunghill disposal, expelling adults and chemical prevention, etc.

  Studies on the Influence of Some Chemicals on the Vitality of Resting Spores of Plasmodiophora brassica as well as Conidia of Alternaria brassicicola Ding Yunhua, Jian Yuancai, Paul Scholze 2006, 22 (6):  317-317.  Abstract + ( 1747 )   To study the effect of commercially used disinfectants on resting spores of club root and conidia of Alternaria, five chemicals including 70% alcohol, 50% alcohol, 35% alcohol, Meliseptol and Soft-man were respectively sprayed on the spore and conidia suspension of Plasmodiophora brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola. Distilled water was used as a control. As parameters of resting spore and conidia viability, the proportion of dead spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae and germinated conidia of Alternaria brassicicola were used. As a result, all of the five chemicals had remarkable effect on both pathogens comparing with the control. By averaging the proportion of dead spores of each treatment, the increasing sequence ranged as control（26.6%）<50% alcohol (50.5%）<35% alcohol（53.3%）<70% alcohol （65.2%）< Softa-man（91.3%）< Meliseptol（94.3%）. Whereas, by averaging the proportion of germinated conidia of each treatment, the decreasing sequence ranged as control（28.3%）?35% alcohol (22.8%）?50% alcohol（22.2%）?70% alcohol (9.9%）?Softa-man（7.6%）?Meliseptol（0.7%）.The result suggested that both commercially disinfectants Meliseptol and Softa-man nearly fully destroy the sprore or conidia of pathogen, and 70% alcohol could destroy most of the pathogen, while 50% alcohol and 35% alcohol nearly could not destroy the pathogen.

  Preliminary Study on the Effect of Applying Cinosulfuron to Control Weed in Direct-seeded and Transplanted Rice Field Piao Ying 2006, 22 (6):  321-321.  Abstract + ( 1285 )   The result of the field trail indicated that Cinosulfuron was an excellent herbicide to control the broad leaf weed in direct-seeded and transplanted rice field. It has good effect to control the Scirpus nipponicum and the suitable usage was 150g/hm2. Application time and method and the safety of the cinosulfuron to rice were also discussed in the paper, which provide good evidence of applying cinosulfuron properly.

  Activity Test on DIMBOA against Puccinia striiformis f·sp·tritic Xu Guofeng, Zheng Yongquan, Ji Mingshan 2006, 22 (6):  324-324.  Abstract + ( 1363 )   The result of the bioassay against Puccinia striiformis f·sp·tritic showed that DIMBOA would have effect on inhibiting the germination of the sporangium. At 1.0mg/ml concentration, its inhibiting rates can reach 79.31%; At 0.6~0.8mg/ml concentration, its inhibiting rates can reach 32.67%~44.08%. The potexperiment showed that DIMBOA has protective efficacy and therapeutic efficacy at 0.2~1.0mg/ml concentration; and its protective efficacy are better than therapeutic efficacy.

  Identification of anostomasis groups of Rhizoctonia on Rice in Guangxi Meng Jiaorong, Zhang Chaochong, Li Jieqiu, Wei Gang 2006, 22 (6):  327-327.  Abstract + ( 1361 )   One hundred and eighty-six isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. were obtained from tissues of rice sheath blight in 36 counties of Guangxi Province. According to the hyphal fusion with international standard isolates of anastomosis groups (AGs) of Rhizoctonia, the multinucleate series belong to R. solani AG-1 IA and AG-4, and the binucleate series belongs to AGBb. The frequency was 96.5%, 2.15 %, 1.6 %, respectively. The mycelia growth rates were different among the various Ags. The growth rate of the isolates of AG-1-IA was the highest, and the isolates of AGBb were the lowest.

  Study on the Effect of Bamboo Vinegar on Controlling Downy Mildew of Cucumber Wei Qiang, Du Xiangge, Huang Manqing, Chen Xiangning 2006, 22 (6):  330-330.  Abstract + ( 1445 )   This paper investigated the effects of bamboo vinegar on inhibiting germination of conidiophore in the lab, and controlling downy mildew of cucumber in the field with ‘JinYou 30’ cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). It showed that 100 times diluted bamboo vinegar could efficiently inhibit germinating on sporangium of downy mildew of cucumber, and could control the harm on cucumber in the field. The effects of repression to microorganism and prevention plant diseases could equate with 600 times diluted 72%Curzate.

  Effects of Straw Mulch on Soil Properties and Tomato Productivity on Slope Land Xu jing, Tang Xiaohong, Chen Songbai，, Sun Pengshou 2006, 22 (6):  333-333.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   Effects of straw mulch on soil erosion and water, soil temperature, sorts and multitudes of small animals, weeds growth and tomato productivity were studied through field experiments. The results showed that soil erosion were lower with 57.1%~71.4% than conventional cultivation. It was effective to mitigate extreme temperature in autumn and winter, enhance soil water retention, and increase soil biology diversity and its multitudes, especially the earthworm higher with over 1.5 times than conventional cultivation, by straw mulch. The weeds weight accounted for 9%~57% and the tomato productivity increased 33%~77% in relative to conventional cultivation. Adoption of straw mulch led to a decline in soil erosion, increase in soil water retention, and improvement soil properties and stable enhancement tomato productivity compared with bare reference, suggesting it was a valuable conservation practice for tomato produce on slope land.

  The Ecological Problem of Wetlands in China and Protection Strategies Shi Yuan, Zhou Qing, 2006, 22 (6):  337-337.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   Our country's wetland area is big, type entire, the resources are extremely rich, But is facing the humanity not to work as development and excessively use threat. This article is analyzing our country wetland pollution to intensify, The wetland resources use excessively, Blindly reclaims land by surrounding and filling in lake bottom, the lake silts up, the biological invasion and the biodiversity decrease progressively and so on in the main ecology question , proposed strengthens the legislation law enforcement, the wetland health appraisal, the biological repair wetland, establishes the nature protection area and the development wetland ecology swims and so on the protection wetland strategies.

  The Characteristics of Mineralization of Nitrogen and Prediction of Different Sediments and Soil in Beijing Cui Zhe,, Wang Shengrui, Jin Xiangcan, Liu Jianling 2006, 22 (6):  341-341.  Abstract + ( 1379 )   Under waterlogged incubation conditions, the nitrogen mineralization of two different sediments and a general Beijing’s soil were investigated with the method of the intermittent leaching, besides their nitrogen mineralization parameters (K, n) and the prediction equation were gained. The results indicated that their mineralization potential was in the order: Houhai sediment> Chaoyangqu soil > Huankeyuan sediment. The rates of the N mineralization before the 11 incubation day are promptly augmenting to the maximal, and then the rates are gradually falling, at the end of incubation theirs are close to zero. The flood tide of nitrogen mineralization rates of HH sediment appeared earlier than HK and TR. The flood tide of ammonium in the N mineralization process appeared in the 11 day of leaching time, and the N mineralization quantity gradually got into a windless state. In the same period the N mineralization quantity of HH was further more than HK and TR. The content of organic matter、the total nitrogen and the fixed ammonium in the different treatments and levels at the end of incubation were lessened, and a few of N mineralization quantity came from the release of the fixed ammonium. But because the proportion was small, the part of the fixed ammonium could be ignored.

  Effects of Modulated Uv-b Supplementation on the Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Fields Li Haitao, Liao Yingchun, Dong Ming, Liang Tao 2006, 22 (6):  349-349.  Abstract + ( 1211 )   We investigated responses of growth and grain yield to increased exposure to UV-B (280-320nm) radiation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) “Xieyou 432” using a modulated UV-B supplementation system under field conditions. Our study showed that enhanced UV-B had little effects on the growth and yield of rice. The results are as follows: (1) Under enhanced UV-B conditions, contents of chlorophyll a, b increased by 4.60% and 8.37% during tillering stage; during jointing stage, chlorophyll a content decreased by 3.20% while chlorophyll b increased by 0.20%; during booting stage, contents of chlorophyll a, b increased by 2.57% and 1.52%; (2) maximum photosynthetic rate increased by 1.38% during jointing stage and decreased by 1.29% during booting stage; (3) kinetics parameters of PSII efficiency (PhiPS2), electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching (qP) increased by 10.22%, 10.22%, 10.21% during booting stage; (4) rice height increased by 0.18%, 0.87%, 3.90% and 0.14% during tillering stage, jointing stage, booting stage and ripening stage; (5) panicle length increased by 0.16%; total grain weight per panicle, effective panicle per plant and 1000-grain weight decreased by 0.35%, 3.02% and 1.23%. All the indices are not significant compared to the indices of the rice grown under ambient UV-B irradiance conditions.

  A Study on Ecological Control of Crofton Weed by Three Different Plants under Different Fertility Conditions Zhou Zejian, Zhou Meilan，Liu Wanxue 2006, 22 (6):  351-351.  Abstract + ( 1429 )   The growth character of crofton weed in mixture transplanting with different green bristlegrass perennial ryegrass and Trifolium repens under different management conditions was studied. It was shown that effect of management for crofton weed by perennial ryegrass and Trifolium repens was more powerful under high fertility compare with middle and low fertility, but final effect of management for crofton weed by green bristlegrass was uniform under three conditions of high middle and low fertility, basically, croften weed was eliminated by green bristlegrass. It was concluded therefore that fertilization can be used to strengthen the competitive ability of perennial ryegrass and Trifolium repens with crofton weed, so crofton weed was restrained effectively.

  Study of Genotypic Differences on Arsenic Uptake by and Translocation in Rice Seedlings Liu Wenju,, Hu Ying, Bi Shuqin, Li Yumin, Zhu Yongguan ,Liu xianghui 2006, 22 (6):  356-356.  Abstract + ( 1490 )   A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate arsenic uptake by and translocation in rice seedlings among six genotypes. Arsenic exposure enhanced the growth of rice root and inhibited shoot growth of different genotypes, except for 94D-22. There was no significant difference in arsenic concentrations in roots and shoots between control plants and rice plants exposed to nutrient solutions with arsenate or with arsenite-arsenate respectively. However, there were significant differences in arsenic levels in roots and shoots among six genotypes. Arsenic exposure did not affect Specific Arsenic Uptake (SAU) by rice root. In addition, SAU and translocation factor were the highest for genotype 94D-22, which was different from the situation with iron plaque formed on the rice root surface.

  Response of Hyperaccumulator Ryegrass(Loliurn perenne L.) to Cadmium, Zinc and their combined pollution Xu Weihong ,, Wang Hongxin , Wang Zhengyin, Xiong Zhiting 2006, 22 (6):  365-365.  Abstract + ( 1511 )   Pot experiments (root rag method) were carried out to investigate the influence of Cadmium, Zinc and their combined pollution on plant growth, chlorophyll concentration, antioxidation enzyme activity, Zn2+ and Cd2+ accumulation in ryegrass(Loliurn perenne L.). The results showed that the inhibition of Cadmium, Zinc and their combined pollution to the plant growth was observed. Chlorophyll concentrations decreased, and activities of POD and SOD were increased by Cadmium, Zinc and their combined pollution. After taken by ryegrass, Zn2+ and Cd2+ were distributed mainly in shoot. The maximums of activities of shoot POD, SOD, and absorption of Zn2+ and Cd2+ were found at Cadmium and Zinc combined pollution treatment, its Zn2+ and Cd2+ concentrations in shoot were 3108.72, 73.97 mg/kg, respectively.

  Speculation of Land Use Change and Its Eco-environment Effects on Previous Land Comprehensive Planning ——a Case Study of Fengdu County in Chongqing City Liao Xingyong, Wei chaofu, Liu Xiuhua 2006, 22 (6):  369-369.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   This paper takes the Fengdu county as an example, based on the data of land use current situation in the period of 1996 to 2004，and land use comprehensive planning in 2010, studies the land use change and its eco-environment effect by using methods of Delphi, hierarchy process and quantitative analysis .The following conclusions are reached: (1) Changes of land use frame have obviously taken place with the decrease of farmland and unused land, and with the increase of land used as garden plots, water area, woodland and traffic land. (2)Eco-environment quality has the tendency to be improved, mainly because of transformations of farmland to woodland and garden land and unused land exploitation. (3) There are great differences on land use changes and its eco-environment effect between planning and implementation. (4)The land use comprehensive planning is not objective enough to comply with the actual land use. (5)More attention should be paid to the improvement of eco-environment effect caused by land use planning. And opinions are put forward on new land use comprehensive planning.

  Influence of Meteorological Factors on the Smoking Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Tobacco-Planting Area of Guizhou Qin Song,, Liu Hongbing, Wang Zhengyin 2006, 22 (6):  375-375.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   The data of meteorological factors and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco of twenty tobacco-planting areas were collected and the effect of these factors on the smoking quality was analyzed. On the base of comparing the difference of meteorological factors, the twenty tobacco-planting areas were divided into three climate-ecology divisions by cluster analysis. The suitable climate-ecology division was selected by assessing the difference significance of the smoking quality indexes of different climate-ecology divisions. The result of analyzing the correlation of meteorological factors and the smoking quality indexes showed that the main factor which has influence on the smoking quality is temperature including ground temperature in 10cm depth and air temperature, and the relative humidity has indirect negative effect on the smoking quality by working on the ground temperature in 10cm depth.

  Preliminary Investigation on the Resources Introduced from the International Rice Cold Tolerance Nursery in Cold Regions Cong Wanbiao 2006, 22 (6):  379-379.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   To improve the cold tolerance of rice and enrich its resources of germ plasm in cold regions. 108 varieties (materials) from international network for genetic evaluation of rice (INGER) were planted in the twenty-fourth and twenty- fifth international rice cold tolerance nursery(IRCTN) in cold regions for the first time. The appraisal showed that 20 of the varieties (materials) have high cold tolerance in seeding, 49 of the varieties (materials) have high cold tolerance in tillering and 20 of the varieties (materials) have high cold tolerance in spikelet. 14 of the varieties (materials) have high cold tolerance in the whole growth.. These varieties (materials) will supply rich in excellent natural resources of seeds and expand cold tolerance parent materials.

  Study of Karst County Land Use and Regional Harmony Development --Taking Qingzhen city of Guizhou Province as a case Zhou Yan,, Wei Shiqiang, Cai Xuecheng, Liu Jigang 2006, 22 (6):  391-391.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   The essential of land use and regional harmony development is to analyze and forecast whether or not land use is in favor of optimizing ecological patterns, obligated by the development trends of existing and future population, country economy and town economy. Using land use sift and its refresh data and interrelated social-economic datum of Qingzhen city, the frames of land use and regional harmony development in Qingzhen city are discussed in this paper with GIS, statistics method and experience evaluation. The results show that: (1) the land use dynamic behave as 6 types in Qingzhen city, but the land use are dominated by agricultural landscapes as a whole, the outskirts of a city mixed landscapes have not been formed. The leading factors which drive these land use dynamic changes are population increase, the expediting of city progress, the evolving of economic structure and the comparing benefit differentia of different land use. (2) For past 5 years, the absolute and relative difference of regional economy develop increased, but the amplitudes reduced in all villages and towns, namely, the regional economy development has a polarization trend in Qingzhen city. Several developed regions, such as Hongfenghu, Zhanjie, Weicheng and Xindian towns, have a more and more influences on the whole city. The gap between the most developed and most laggard regions increase continuously. (3) The frames of land use and regional harmony development will satisfy the need of local people inhabitants to food, and harmonize contradictions among provision safety, ecological safety and economy at one time. (4) The sustainable development must harmonize the relation of land use and regional development adequately in karst areas.

  The Major Ecological Factors in Dendrobium Resource Distribution Areas in China Lai Yonghong, Wang Shiyu, Xiao Fenghui 2006, 22 (6):  397-397.  Abstract + ( 1210 )   Ecological factors in Dendrobium resource distribution in China are summarized. Warm, moist and shade environment is good for Dendrobium plant growth. Dendrobium plants distribute at an altitude of 200~3400 m and grow on trunk, rock under trees and precipice with high humidity. The vegetation and moss sharing the habitat with Dendrobium plants also influence Dendrobium resource distribution. Some suggestions are given for the cultivation of Dendrobium plants according to their requirements on the special ecological environment in distribution areas.

  Screening and Application of Sweetpotato Germplasm for Watching in Pots Shi Xinmin, Zhao Donglan,Tang Jun, Zhang Yungang 2006, 22 (6):  401-401.  Abstract + ( 1094 )   Investigation was taken on 1087 accessions of sweetpotato germplasm conserved in Xuzhou, and as a result, 10 varieties were selected to be as planted in pots for watching, of these, 4 varieties were for watching leaves, 3 for flowers, 1 for both of watching and drug use, and 2 for both of watching and vegetable. The value of sweetpotato germplasm for watching in pots was studied, and the new usage of this crop was found. This study provides a new way of income increasing for farmers, and also, enriches the genetic materials for breeding.

  Releasing Characteristic Research of Acid Extractable Heavy Metals in the Studied Soil Zou Haiming, Zou Changming, Lin Ping, Guan Nan, Li Fenru 2006, 22 (6):  404-404.  Abstract + ( 1368 )   A leaching experiment was adopted to study acid extracted heavy metals releasing in different soil. The result showed: With the pH dropping of simulated acid rain, the releasing intensity of acid extractable heavy metals obviously increase and the releasing amount of every heavy mental is negative correlation with pH. Zn is mainly released in pH 4.5~3.5; Cu is mainly released in pH 6.5~3.5, but the range of Cd is unsure; The releasing ranges of Cr and Pb, which are different in various soil. Moreover, the influence of acid extracted heavy metals releasing is obvious with different pH.

  Sustainable Utilization with Wild Medicinal Plants of University in Anhui South Region Wang Liqaing, Fang Jinaxin 2006, 22 (6):  407-407.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   University plants because of medicinal and edible species ware affluent in recognition. There are 27 species 2 varieties 1 form wild medicinal plants of University in Anhui south region. The most species are inadequate on exploitation. The papers raised about presently status Anhui south region wild medicinal plants of University and suggestions about the long-time utilization. Presume upon give reference to the mountainous area people become rich.

  Study on Index System of Potential Evaluation in Land Consolidation—A Case of Chongqing Zhu Yubi, Ling Chengshu 2006, 22 (6):  410-410.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   The purpose of this paper is to construct integrated index system of potential evaluation, establish the foundation for land exploitation and consolidation plans and to make determination to key region and key project during implement of land consolidation. Methods of causes and effects analytic, documentation and demonstrative analytic were employed. The results show that, at provincial level, index system of potential evaluation in land consolidation, villages consolidation, scrap land reclamation and virgin land exploitation, case as Chongqing, was constructed which was proceeded with goal of land consolidation, potential of land consolidation and influence factor etc.

  The Environmental Eco-effect of Agriculture Waste and its Reutilization as Resources Xu Da, Zhou Qing, 2006, 22 (6):  414-414.  Abstract + ( 1065 )   The agriculture waste is actually the loss share of matter and energy during the process of the reutilization of diverse resources, indeed it is the carrier of matter and energy. Considered from the view of environmental ecology, agriculture waste can also be taken as the resources put in the wrong position. The paper states the current situation of agriculture waste and its environmental eco-effect, while based on these, it also discusses the importance of applying some ecology principle that includes biodiversity, interaction and co-evolution of organism, adding or reducing links in the food chain and inter-specific relationship when we reutilize the agriculture waste.

  Analysis on Land Use Dynamic Change in Shanxi Province Based on RS and GIS Cui Zhenyang, Li Xiaoliang 2006, 22 (6):  418-418.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   This paper analysis land use dynamic change of Shanxi Province in 10 years based on RS and GIS techniques. The results show: The most change has been occurred in urban and orchard area; great amount of grassland and farm land are occupied by urban construction; increase of constructive land is stimulated by population pressure. Moreover, human activities have influenced land use increasingly.

  Effect of Nitrogen Supplying on the Growth of Roots of Hevea Brasiliensis Hua Yuangang, Luo Wei, Lin Zhaomu, Lin Qinghuo 2006, 22 (6):  421-421.  Abstract + ( 1760 )   Under medium-cultured condition of bagasse, the rubber tree root was treated with 0,20,40,80…5120 mg/kg N, to investigate responses of root growth at different nitrogen supplying levels. Results indicated that the tested root traits group (including the number of roots, dry weight of roots and total length of roots) responded positively to nitrogen concentration, but the increment declined as nitrogen concentration increased. But the base traits group (including length, diameter per unit of the root) showed negative response to nitrogen concentration respectively. These effects indicated that nitrogen has an important modulation function to the roots.

  Comparison Test of 14 Varieties of Okra on Lutein and β-Carotene Yield Liu Dongxiang,, Ye Hualan,, Liu Guodao 2006, 22 (6):  425-425.  Abstract + ( 1685 )   Comparison test of 14 varieties of Okra in the field revealed that yield of dry matter of Okra leaf, yield of lutein and β-carotene in Okra leaf represent obvious statistical discrepancy. 004-2 gave the highest yields of leaf dry matter, it reached to 4948 kg/hm2; 024-3 gave the highest yields of lutein in Okra leaf, it reached to 9261.7 g/hm2 in ideal; 018-1 gave the highest yields ofβ-carotene in Okra leaf, it reached to 32740.0g/hm2 in ideal. Being given a general consideration from the above three aspects, it could be found that 018-1, 024-3 and 021 were adapted to the high yield planting.

  ISSR Analysis on 17 Pine Apple Resources Zhang Rulian, Fu Xiaoxia, Qi Zhiping, Chen Yeyuan 2006, 22 (6):  428-428.  Abstract + ( 1565 )   The polymorphism of 17 Pine apple cultivars were analyzed by inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR).6 primers were selected from 62 ISSR primers, and a total of 70 DNA bands were amplified, 44 of which(62.86%)were polymorphic. The average number of DNA bands amplified by each primer was 11.67. There were specific amplified bands in six cultivars, and these bands can be used in Pine apple identification. The dendrogram constructed by UPGMA showed that the 17 individuals were classified into three groups. Genetic relationships of Pine apple were also discussed.

  Research and Application of the Agricultural Expert System of Mango in Guangxi Lu Yuying, Ou Shijin, Gu Lin, Yuan Jingzhou, Su Weiqiang, Liu Yueqiang, He Quanguang 2006, 22 (6):  432-432.  Abstract + ( 1499 )   The Mango agriculturist computer system is a computer program that is base on agriculture professional knowledge and can infer like an agriculturist. This computer system is faceing to basic agriculture technician and peasants, which was developed on paid platform. This paper illustrates the structure, goal, content and demonstration of this computer system. It provides inquiry service for peasants and basic agriculture technician and helps them to make a right decision, just like a well-know agriculturist guide the peasants on the spot. This computer system play a important role on accelerating the popularization of Mango science and its application, fatherly, it contribute to the industrialization of Mango in Guangxi.

  Status and Development Trend of Agriculture Expert System Development Platform Sun Nina,, Qin Xiangyang, Yang Baozhu, Yang Xinting, Chen Yuhai 2006, 22 (6):  436-436.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   Most of experts in agriculture are not familiar with computers because of the special situations of China. Meanwhile, most of computer engineers are not familiar with agriculture knowledge, too. The above situations made it difficult to develop agriculture expert systems perfectly. But the expert system development platform made this problem easier. Because experts in agriculture needn’t to program in the process of development and computer engineers needn’t to master agriculture knowledge during the development. Therefore, the study and application statuses of agriculture expert system development platform were summarized at home and overseas, existing problems during developing were put forward and developing trends were introduced too, all above could provide references for Chinese agriculture informationlization.

  Implement of Farm Product Archives Management System Based on Traceability System Yang Xinting,, Qian Jianping, Sun Chuanheng, Liu Xuexin, Han Xiao 2006, 22 (6):  441-441.  Abstract + ( 1815 )   It is very import to establish farm product traceability system for ensuring safety of farm product. Farm product archives are the fundamental datum to enhance farm product quality, improve production and improve attached value. Administering the archives effectively with information technology is basal for implementing farm product traceability system. Based on analyzing farm product traceability and investigating the producing enterprises of farm product, farm product archives management system (FPAMS) with browse-server structure is founded by using object – oriented and database technology. FPAMS has characteristics of logical structure, high security and handy manipulation, so it will apply widely.

  Application of RS and GIS in Green Planning in Luoyang City He Ruizhen, Zhang Jingdong, Zhao Qiaohong, Tian Guohang 2006, 22 (6):  445-445.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   The investigation of greenbelt in Luoyang city was made by the application of RS and GIS, the database of greenbelt information was built and the actuality was analyzed. Based on this, the application of RS and GIS in green planning in Luoyang city was studied. In order to derive proper vegetation information, the image was merged, geo-corrected, classified and produced thematic map, and the correlative spatial and attribute database was established. And the building height was picked-up. The function of GIS of buffer, overlay, slope, aspect and intervisibility were applied, and it made the planning more scientific and feasible.

  The Research of Irrigation Management & Information System Based on GIS in Liaoning Province Wang Zhenying, Cao Lina 2006, 22 (6):  449-449.  Abstract + ( 1559 )   In order to improve the method that has been used to manage the irrigation and water conservancy, it’s important to adopt “3S” technology to improve the management level in irrigation district. From the view of the administrative department of Liaoning province, this paper designs and develops the irrigation management & information system based on GIS for Liaoning Province. The system has certain intellectual level which is made of irrigation subsystem module, drainage subsystem module, countryside drinking subsystem module, report form systematic module and authority management module. All above, this system improves every aspect of the management of the irrigation and water conservancy of Liaoning Province greatly.

  On Background Factors of Water-saving Agriculture Zhou Jia, Li Yan, Zhang Zhen, Wei Chaofu, 2006, 22 (6):  452-452.  Abstract + ( 1361 )

  Effects of Fertilizer Application on CO2 Fluxes from Wheat Bi Jianjie, Wang Qi, Zhang Yanhua, Hao Lanchun, Miao Changzhong, Mao Wucai 2006, 22 (6):  459-459.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   To understand the CO2 emission from soil crop system as influenced by crop growth and application of fertilizer ,pot and field experiments were carried out during Bima-1、Yannong –15 and Shannong-11 wheat growing seasons. Black chambers were used to take gas samples within a closed soil-crop system. Use LI-6400 type portable light and measure apparatus (U.S.A. ) to determine the soil CO2 releasing amount in growth period of crop. And we tested water stress of soil, the dry matter weight, photosynthetic rate and the above-ground biomass, the ratio between root and canopy, the high of wheat, chlorophyll content, the area of flag leaves .The results showed that the application of fertilizer can improve the CO2 emission of soil. The temperature of soil and water stress of soil were main factor for determining change law of release amount of CO2 from soils and those rising and falling bring out the increase and decrease of release amount of CO2.In certain range of nitrogen fertilizer application rates, the dry mater weight, photosynthetic rate, the high of wheat, chlorophyll content, the area of flag leaves and the above-ground biomass. The root affected the CO2 emission of soil, and show significantly positive relationship.

  Preliminary Study on Extracting and Flocculating Methods of Cynanchum komarovii Al. Iljinski Alkaloids Mi Haili, Zhang Xiyan, Li Yuekun, Cao Youlong 2006, 22 (6):  464-464.  Abstract + ( 1223 )   Using total alkaloids as the guide, influencing factors of extraction yields of alkaloids from Cynanchum komarovii including solvent concentration (using hydrochloric acid and ethanol as extract solvent) and extracting method (using water as extract solvent) were studied. And using light absorbing range as the guide, the influencing factors of purification of the crude extract such as kind of flocculant, dosage of flocculant, temperature of flocculating system, pH value of flocculating system were studied based on single factor test. The results showed that the obtainment of total alkaloids were highest when extract with 60% ethanol, and the optimal flocculating conditions were: under 50℃, pH value were 4~5, adding the NO.1 flocculant as 20%(v/v) of crude extract.

  Studies on Ultrastructural Pathology of the Liver-protective Effect of a Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation on Experimental Hepatosis in European Eel(Anguilla anguilla) Mei Jingliang, Huang Yifan, Chen Wenlie 2006, 22 (6):  468-468.  Abstract + ( 1363 )   In this study, six eels, acting as Cu-poisoned control fish, were exposed to waterborne Cu(0.12mg/L) in moderately hard water for 4 days and kept at background Cu levels(0.004mg/L) in the following 4 days. Eighteen eels were disposed in the same way as the Cu- poisoned control fish in the first 4days,and then six eels among them were administered by 200 mg/L water solution of Baogan Jiedu Tang (BJT), which was made up of Yinchen, Longdan, Gancao, Dahuang and Zhizi etc., in the following 4 days as low-dosage-drug-treated fish, six eels by 400 mg/L BJT as high-dosage-drug-treated fish, and the other six eels were administered by 100 mg/L of Jiangmeiling capsule containing Wuweizi as drug-treated control fish. Six eels as control fish were kept at background Cu levels (0.004mg/L) in the whole trial course of 8 days without any disposition. The fish behavior and outer symptom were observed during the trial period. At the end, fish were killed, and then disseted anatomia-pathologically. Subsequently, liver was dissected out, rinsed with double-distilled water. A fraction of the liver was examined by transmission electron microscopy cytopathologiclly. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the restoring-capacity of TCMP to the ultrastructure of hepatocyte in eel with liver injury induced by Cu-exposed. The results indicated that, ultrastructurally, the mitochondria of the liver cells swelled with disintegration and lyses of the cristaes. Rough endoplasmic reticulum expanded, intracisternal sequestration multiplied. The glycogen decreased and fat drops increased in the liver cells. Some nuclei of hepatocytes presented crenation degeneration. Compared with the Cu-poisoned control fish, the ultrastructure of hepatocyte of drug-treated fish and drug-treated control fish had restored notably. Overall, these results demonstrated that the TCMP could promote the mend of the ultrastructure of hepatocyte in the eel damaged liver. As a result, the preparation is suggested a effectively liver-protective medicine against the liver injury induced by poison.

  Adaptability of Macrobrachium nipponense to Salinity of Alkaline Lake in Northeast China Yang Fuyi，Li Xiujun，Zhao Chunsheng，Chen Yuan 2006, 22 (6):  475-475.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   To understand the feasibility of artificial cultivating and proliferating freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense in alkaline lakes of northeast China, adaptive capacity of juvenile shrimp to salinity of alkaline lake was determined with enriched water of natural alkaline lake by one-way acute toxicity test in indoor. The results showed that the median effect concentration（EC50）（with 95% confidence intervals）for 24 hours of salinity to juvenile shrimp was 3.17（3.02~3.32）g/L at pH of 7.72~7.81 and at alkalinity of 7.87~14.49 mmol/L. At pH of 7.85~8.07 and at alkalinity of 16.97~26.96 mmol/L, the median lethal concentration（LC50）（with 95% confidence intervals）for 24, 48 and 96 hours of salinity to juvenile shrimp were 7.95 （7.74~8.11）, 6.84（6.69~6.99） and 5.77（5.59~5.93） g/L, respectively. The safe concentration （SC）of salinity to juvenile shrimp was 1.52 g/L. Lower limit of EC for 24 hours of salinity to juvenile shrimp was 2.08 g/L, upper limit of salinity of 3.69 g/L was for juvenile shrimp living, and the range of tolerance was 4.25~8.19 g/L. Adaptive capacity of M. nipponense to the salinity will be a decline in alkaline water. In northeast China, artificial cultivating and proliferating freshwater shrimp M. nipponense may be in alkaline lakes with the salinity under and the alkalinity of 10~30 mmol/L, and that is safe in alkaline lakes with the salinity under 1.5 g/L and the alkalinity under 10 mmol/L.

  The Origin and History of Foreign Interior Plants Liang Shuangyan, Zhao Hui’en 2006, 22 (6):  480-480.  Abstract + ( 1304 )   The article introduced the origin and history of foreign interior plants，the form of pot plants was a historical turn. The appearance of conservatory provided a condition for plants to come into indoor space. The Hot House as well as Orangery was a form of original conservatory. During the course of the interior plants coming into being，plant collectors made a great contribution，in which the most famous family name was Joseph and Veitch. Which made us a surprise of that, plants coming from different climate-zone can live in interior places and there were a lot of plant species. The plant species will be more and more with improving of indoor conditions.

  A Discussion on Scholarly Editor of Scientific &Technological Periodicals Ma Xiaoyan 2006, 22 (6):  485-485.  Abstract + ( 1165 )   The paper analyzed various view points on “scholarization” in the editorial field, suggested that it would be favourable to develop the editorial theory with the discussion of editorial scholarization, improving the editor’s academic average and edit capabilities, and “ editorial scholarization” should be put into practice for the editor of scientific and technological periodical. Moreover, as an editor of scientific and technological periodical, he should be a scholar on his subject and has correspondent academic and scientific research capabilities and perspicacity, good editorial techniques and wide knowledge. The editor should study a higher degree, take part in scientific research and the edit, computer and network learning and so on, realize “editorial scholarization” of scientific and technological periodical.

  Increasing Editors’ Professional Quality of Sci-tech Periodicals Wang Jinghui, Wang Feng 2006, 22 (6):  488-488.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   To improve the editors’ professional quality of sci-tech periodicals is the key to promote the development of sci-tech periodicals. The professional quality which editors of sci-tech periodicals should be possessed is put forward; the way to increase the editors’ quality is discussed.

  Compensation System on Realizing the Good Coupling between Ecological Construction and Economic Development in the Poor Rural Areas Wang Zhonghua,, Guo Xiangyu 2006, 22 (6):  492-492.  Abstract + ( 1300 )   Ecological compensation system is a premise for solving the problems between the ecological construction and economic development. We Can Regard ecological compensation as an economic way of environment protection, as a coordinate system of realizing the good coupling between ecological construction and economic development in the poor rural areas, which including instituting Green GDP; money compensation and policy compensation.

  Farmers’ risk Cognition and Coping Mechanism in Risk Society Xu Huqing, Wang Huanying 2006, 22 (6):  496-496.  Abstract + ( 1116 )   Rural area has been in risk society. The risk which has been in rural areas includes productive risk, life risk and survival risk .Farmers have strongest sensitive cognition on life risk, and they have less sensitive cognition on productive risk and their cognition on survival risk is the profoundest. Facing to risk, they have developed their coping mechanism which depends on themselves and the resource out of system. They almost can not use social safeguard mechanism and commerce insurance to cope risk, which weakened their coping mechanism. It is an important question for the construct of state system and operation of commercial insurance to help them enjoy social safeguard and use commercial insurance.

  Studies on Developing the Rural Tourism and the New Selection of Transferring the Agricultural Surplus Labor Liu Baiping 2006, 22 (6):  500-500.  Abstract + ( 1275 )   It is an inevitable problem that we must transfer the agricultural surplus labor effectively. The paper analyzes the present situation of the labor’s transfer and points out that the present situation goes against coordinating development of economy and society in both urban and rural areas, forming an equal and harmonious relationship between the city and the country and building a well-off society. Based on the analyses, we advance a new way that is to develop the rural tourism in the new century, which can help us to use the recourses effectively, to improve the ability to attract the surplus labor in the Township Enterprises of China. In the end, the paper puts forward some suggestions: to strengthen the "three transformations" and to realize "a transfer". Three strategic transformations are the transformation of the agricultural supply structure, of the peasants’ conception and of the labor’s qualities. A transfer is the transfer of the agricultural surplus labor.

  Research on Developing Red Tour Resources of Dabieshan Mountains Wan Qing 2006, 22 (6):  505-505.  Abstract + ( 1614 )   The Dabieshan Mountains, as a famous revolutionary area and one of the origins of the Red Culture in our country, covers 26 counties crossing three provinces: Anhui, Hubei and Henan, most of which are poor mountainous areas and regions. Today, how to grasp the opportunity of developing the Red Tours in the Dabieshan Mountains is worthy of research, and therefore the following thesis analyzes the advantages and the restrict factors of developing the Red Tours in the Dabieshan Mountains on the bases of its retrospection, and then put forward some speculation of the development：strengthen the cooperation of the regional tour; quicken the building step of infrastructure; increase the training steps of tourist professional; execute the sustainable development way with competitive products; increase the power of the outer publicization.

  The Study on International Competitive Capability of Chinese Silk Industry Lan Guangqian, Wu Dayang 2006, 22 (6):  510-510.  Abstract + ( 1265 )   This paper analyses the international competitive capability of Chinese silk industry with the methods of competitive advantage on the base of full and accurate data. The result has indicated that china’s silk industry international competitive capability had fallen sharply. The author thinks that there are several major factors infects our silk industry international competitive capability: (1) the quality of Chinese silk have great gap, comparing with the world’s most advanced level; (2) our administrant system can’t suit market-oriented economy, which have blocked our silk industry’s development; (3) the effective industry statutes haven’t have formulated all along and we didn’t add more importance to macroeconomic regulation; (4) our haven’t had any famous brand. Author think that we should pay more attention to the several step in hereinafter in order to improve our silk international competitive capability: (1) reform and straight out the administrant systems; (2) expedite the course of industry statutes formulating and strengthen the manager’s authority; (3) increase the input in the science and technology on silk ; (4) adjust industry composition and quicken the course of industry upgrade and technology get ahead ; (5) develop more domestic market ; (6) continue implement the strategy of high quality silk to enhance our silk brand’s popularity.

  The Problems and Countermeasures of Scientific Achievements Transformation in Agricultural Scientific Research Institutions Li Guangpu 2006, 22 (6):  514-514.  Abstract + ( 1395 )   The problem of achievements in agricultural scientific research is related to the reform of agricultural scientific system and the development of agricultural scientific research institution. Under the condition of economic market, the transformation of achievements in agricultural scientific institutions are often influenced by its subjective or objective factors, polices and environments, and also existing many unconformable problems and difficulties during the reforming process in China. Through analyzing and searching the existing reasons, the suggestions and countermeasures of promoting achievements transformation in agricultural scientific research institution have been pointed out.

  Sell the Thinking of the Way in Right to Use the Land in the State-owned Enterprise Reforms System Yin Ke， Zhu Yubi， Xiao Yi 2006, 22 (6):  518-518.  Abstract + ( 1061 )   To now in reforming system to allocate several way that land handle have great situation of defect of our country state-owned enterprise this text， the research that the analytic approach compares several kinds of ways of handling ， sell after putting forward a kind of a new the way- once of handling on the basis of selling the way in right to use the land through the system， pay way by stages， such new land assets handle way can develop other advantage of way， evade its shortcoming， reach the win-win of the country and enterprise. Put forward this way Italy in for perfect of our country state-owned enterprise reform system land assets in handle way offer the new thinking.

  Technology Extension and Effect Analysis on Science and Technology Project of Food Production in Hebei Province Zheng Guiru, Zhang Yuechen, Zhen Wenchao 2006, 22 (6):  522-522.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   The science and technology project of food production is one of the great special national science and technology project during the period of tenth five-year plan. Significant achievement, simultaneously increasing of food output and benefit, has been achieved in intensifying the extension and application of new technology and in exploring effective extension mechanism and method, as well as in emphasizing the integration and innovation of high technology in wheat and maize since the project has been implemented for more than one year, which has an active promotion on comprehensive food production ability, its sustainable development and retrievable food increasing in Hebei province.

  The Current Situation and Developing Trend of the Sightseeing- Tourism Agriculture in Heilongjiang Province Be Hongwen 2006, 22 (6):  526-526.  Abstract + ( 1633 )   This paper analyzed the current situation and the problems of the sightseeing- tourism agriculture in Heilongjiang province by the typical example of the relative zones have been built, and pointed its developing trend and put forward some suitable proposals.

  Investigation and Consideration of Specialized Cooperation Economic Organization’s Developing Situation in the Countryside of Underdeveloped Area Hexi Ma Guiqin, Wang Xiaoming, Wang Qinli 2006, 22 (6):  529-529.  Abstract + ( 1214 )   The paper analysis the problems about specialized cooperative economic organization in the countryside of the underdeveloped area Hexi on the base of the investigation. The economic strength of the cooperative economy organization is not strong; The members participates in the enthusiasm are not being high, the organization service function displays with difficulty; The rules and regulations are not perfect, the operation are not standard; The farmer specialized cooperative economy organization lacks the true benefit connection mechanism; the administrative color is thick; The specialized knowledge and the cooperative society entrepreneurs are lack. The corresponding countermeasure and the suggestion was proposed. The government responsibility must be cleared; The formulation support policy, increases the fund support dynamics, enhances the countryside specialized economic organization the economic potentiality; Follows the cooperation system basic principle, the standardization has the foreword operation.

  Study on transform and industrialization approach of agricultural technology production Guo Ruiping, Ma Hongbin 2006, 22 (6):  532-532.  Abstract + ( 1062 )   There is a close relationship between the speed and impact of transform of agricultural technology production and the character of agricultural technology production, environment beyond agriculture, the generalize system of agricultural technology, and technological culture traits of farmers.