Current issue

• 2006 Vol.22 No.8 Published:05 August 2006

  目次

  Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Some Chemical Agents on the Yield and Quality of Pakchoi Tang Xinlian, Li xiaofeng, Wang Xing, Gu Minghua，Jin Yazhong 2006, 22 (8):  .  Abstract + ( 1560 )   A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic fertilizer, DCD and the compound agents of oxalate, glycine (Gly) and KCl on the yield and quality of pakchoi. The results showed that the yield and soluble sugar content of pakchoi were increased drastically through applying right amount organic fertilizer. Applying organic fertilizer could reduce nitrate accumulation by 18.36% compared to the contrast, and but the nutrient quality was not affected significantly by the application of manure. Moreover, nNitrate content was reduced by 7.64% and 11.77% % respectively respectively through applying DCD in soil and or foliar spraying compound agents of oxalate, glycine ( Gly )and KCl before harvest, while the yield and quality were not affected significantly. On the other hand, fFoliar spraying compound agent increased Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in pakchoi. It followsThese results suggested that The the corporation of DCD or foliar spraying compound agents of oxalate, glycine ( Gly) and KCl before harvest is available to raise yield and drop nitrate content in pakchoi on the basis of right amount organic fertilizer application in field.

  Isolation and RT-PCR Identification of a Bovine Diarrhea Virus Strain Zhang Baoning, Qin Jianhua, Zhao Yuelan, Bao Yongzhan, Tian Xirong 2006, 22 (8):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1646 )   PDF ( 281694KB )   ( 663 ) An non-cytopathic(NCP) biotype strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from the dejection and blood of aborted bovine, which was suspected to be bovine viral diarrhea. By sandwich ELISA and RT-PCR identification, the virus was classified as bovine viral diarrhea virus.

  Development and Application of Expert System for Diagnosing and Treatment of Pig Diseases Hu Weiqun, Wang Yicheng, Zhu Lili, Zheng Kefeng, Ye Shaoting, Zhu Xubin 2006, 22 (8):  5-5.  Abstract + ( 1653 )   PDF ( 263867KB )   ( 619 ) To effectively provide diagnosing and treatment of pig disease for culturists, the expert system for diagnosing and treatment of pig diseases was developed with PAID4.0, which is an all-purposed platform for agricultural expert system development. The system has the main functions of providing a disease treatment technique by describing the disease on line through the Internet, including more than 70 varieties of pig diseases and 140 correlative pictures, and application of the system are also discussed on the paper.

  Progress in active and passive immunization against Somatostatin and its Gene Xue Chunlin,, Mao Dagan, Cao shaoxian, Sun Daming, Yang Liguo 2006, 22 (8):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 1304 )   PDF ( 152689KB )   ( 545 ) Somatostain is a peptide hormone composed of 14 amino acids and secreted by hypothalamus. It acts in inhibition on growth. Exhaustion or immune neutralization of somatostain is able to improve growth hormone level and animal growth. In this paper, we briefly introduced the research progress in active and passive immunization against somatostatin or its gene，in mechanisms and characteristics as well as immune enhancement of the gene vaccine. Moreover, application and research prospect of somatostatin gene vaccine were described in detail.

  Effects of EGF on the In vitro Maturation and Parthenogenetic Development of Bovine Oocytes Wei Jingwei, Wei Yingming, Meng Fanli, Yang Sufang, Shi Deshun 2006, 22 (8):  14-14.  Abstract + ( 1762 )   PDF ( 129825KB )   ( 606 ) Effects of EGF on the in vitro maturation and parthenogenetic development of bovine oocytes were studied. The maturation rates of oocytes which cultured at maturation medium with supplementation of 10ng/ml, 30ng/ml EGF respectively had no significant different with control group (no supplementation of EGF)(79.8% vs 71.5% vs 70.4%, p>0.05), but when the EGF concentration up to 50ng/ml, the rates of Pb1 extraction (85.4%) have significant different with the control group (70.4%)(p<0.01); Supplementation of cultured media with EGF at the concentration of 10, 30, 50ng/ml didn’t cause a significant increase in the rate of blastocyst formation, however, rates of hatched blastocyst at the groups which the cultured medium supplementation with EGF were higher than control group respectively (no addition of EGF) (p<0.05).

  Effect of the Numbers of Microsatellite Loci on the Accuracy of the Genetic Distance Estimation in Poultry Shu Jingting, Bao Wenbin, Chen Guohong, Wu Xinsheng, Zhang Xueyu 2006, 22 (8):  18-18.  Abstract + ( 1634 )   PDF ( 137880KB )   ( 610 ) Based on the allele frequencies of 29 microsatellite loci, the accuracy of pair wise genetic distance among 4 Chinese native chickens was analyzed at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 microsatellite loci levels. The results indicated that the accuracy of genetic distance estimation increased along with the numbers of the loci increase. The result of t test was that 25 microsatellite loci had significant difference with 5, 10, 15 and 20 loci levels. It could be concluded that more possible microsatellite loci should be used when the experiment was designed to analyze genetic relationship between different varieties.

  Studies and Application of Beef Safety Traceability Information Management System Zan Linsen, Zheng Tongchao, Ma Shanhong, Liu Yongfeng 2006, 22 (8):  22-22.  Abstract + ( 1573 )   PDF ( 157378KB )   ( 847 ) The traceability information management systems of beef safety product entire process were designed and developed for promoting beef world trade, beef safety consuming and solving beef safety accidents. This system which includes 5 modules such as information query, information collection, help and et al was constructed using Visual Basic6.0 Object-Oriented programming and Structure Query Language databases technology and animal identification methods, such as the ear tag, division meat numbers and corresponding EAN/UCC code technology. This system initially set beef storage and drug residue two precautions, and it provides us new ideals for studying the measures of beef quality tracing

  Recent Advances in Hepatitis E Virus Qu Lichun,, Guo Zhiru, Wang Yuanzhi, Zhang Hui 2006, 22 (8):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 1228 )   PDF ( 125802KB )   ( 562 ) Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one kind of RNA virus, which mainly causes one kind of acute infectious hepatitis–hepatitis E. Hepatitis E is transmitted in a faecal-oral route, and usually is caused by contaminated drinking water. Hepatitis E occurs predominantly in developing countries, in Asia, Africa and America. Hepatitis E accounts for more than 50% of acute viral hepatitis in some areas, and is important agent which causes illness and to die. Our country is HE highly prevalent area; the disease incidence rate presents the fast growth. Human is prone to infect HEV, which cause the miscarriage or the death in pregnant woman, and mortality rate reaches 20%~30%. The infection crowd primarily is the great age child and the young adults, while the baby is rare. HEV may infect not only the human, but also is widespread in the animal. This article has carried on the summary of it from the etiology, the epidemiology, the examination method and its vaccine development several aspects.

  Amplification and Sequencing of Exotoxin A Structural gene PE40 of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ATCC27853 Gu Xiaolong, Qin Jianhua, Zhang Ning, Guo Li 2006, 22 (8):  30-30.  Abstract + ( 1486 )   PDF ( 111038KB )   ( 526 ) Objective: To analyse nucleotide sequence of exotoxin A structural gene PE40 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853. Method: The gene PE40 was amplified from genome DNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC2785 by PCR technique. The PCR product was purified, sequenced and compared with a standard strain PA103 from GenBank by DNASTAR software. Result: An objective gene fragment with the length 1231bp was obtained. The nucleotide sequence analysis showed that ATCC27853 shared 98% alignment with PA103. The mutations in amino acid sequence are: Asn-364 to Ser; Ser-506 to Trp and Ser-515 to Gly. Conclusion: The mutations have a little influence on the enzymatic activity and cytotoxicity, so the gene PE40 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 will be usefull in the research of molecular targeted protein.

  PCR detection of co-infections among Transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine and Porcine Rotavirus Yu Xiaolong, 2006, 22 (8):  33-33.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 102648KB )   ( 507 ) In the study , the RT-PCR methods was set up for detecting TGEV and PRV. With the established methods ,52clinical samples from Heilongjiang province were tested for the presence of TGEV and PRV. The results showed that the percentage of co-infections of TGEV and PRV was 28.8%(17/52).

  A Preliminary Study on the Behavior of Confined Young Male Dorper Sheep Liu Qinghua, Nie Furong, Liu Taiyu, Deng Hongyu 2006, 22 (8):  36-36.  Abstract + ( 1313 )   PDF ( 121601KB )   ( 516 ) Successive 3 diurnal behavior observation for 4 confined young male Dorper Sheep was done in October, 2005. The results showed that feed intake time were 193.3±35.5min, ruminate time 409.4±40.3min, sleep time 541.6±23.2 min, free activity time 245.7±42.3min and the other behavior 50.0±4.7min. The time ratio of rumination to feed-intake was 2.1:1.0. The rumination and sleep took place mostly at night while feed intake at the day (p<0.01), and evacuation at the day and urination were almost same at night (p>0.05).

  Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Development of Small Intestine, Structure and Absorption of Broilers Liu Yanfen, Ma Jiansheng, Huang Xiaoliang 2006, 22 (8):  39-39.  Abstract + ( 1609 )   PDF ( 190173KB )   ( 756 ) 240 one-day-old Avian broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 60 birds in each group. Group 1 served as control, while group 2 to 4 were respectively supplemented with 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% glutamine (Gln) in basal diet for 28 days, and the effects of dietary Gln (glutamine) supplementation on the development of small intestine, structure and absorption functions in broilers were studied. The results indicated that dietary glutamine supplementation significantly increased the length, weight and index of small intestine of the birds in the experimental groups, and 0.8% Gln in the diet had more evident effects on the development of small intestine before 2-week-old, but 0.2% Gln supplementation was sufficient for broilers on 3 or 4-week-old. The jejunum was the first part influenced by dietary Gln, the ileum took second place and the duodenum was less affected. The histological observation indicated that villus height in jejunum was greater (P<0.05), but the villus width and the lamina depth of jejunum significantly decreased in 0.2% Gln supplemented group compared with control. The serum D-xylose detection indicated that the D-xylose concentration was greater in the Gln-supplemented groups than that of the control group during the experimental period. All the results above implied that as the main fuel for the intestinal mucosal cells under stress conditions, exogenous Gln might play an important role in facilitating the proliferation of mucosal cells, maintaining intestinal modality and improving the active absorption function.

  Effect on Superovulation of Rabbit Using Different Methods Lin Feng, Chen Yuxia, Shi Mingyan, Gao Tengyun 2006, 22 (8):  44-44.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 124883KB )   ( 695 ) Two methods were applied to research the superovulation of Rabbits. The results showed that the average number of the ovulation points on the ovaries of the rabbits using PMSG-HCG method was extremely different (P<0.01) from those of PMSG method, and the average number of the cystic follicles and follicles of PMSG-HCG method was significant difference (P<0.05) from that of PMSG method. The average number of the developed follicles of the two methods was not significant difference (P>0.05). The superovulated effect of PMSG-HCG method was significantly better than that of PMSG method. The results also showed that most of the gained embryos were in 2-cell stage during 28 hours after the rabbits accepted mating, and in 4-cell stage during 32 hours after the rabbits accepted mating. PMSG-HCG method didn’t influence upon the development of the rabbits’ embryos when it was applied to study on their superovulation effect.

  Study on Superovulation of Nanyang Cattle Wang Mu,, Wang Xinzhuang, Niu Hui, Liang Jiakui ,Xiao Jie , Li Jinhui ,, Gao Shunqi , Wang Yimin 2006, 22 (8):  47-47.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 105865KB )   ( 402 ) Sixty donor cows were superovulated with FSH, 258 eggs (4.87±3.69 eggs per head) were collected with 153(2.89±2.58 eggs per head) useful embryos. The superovulation efficiency of heifers is higher than that of the delivered cows（86.2%︰71.0%）, while it was conversed for the total eggs（4.50±2.58︰5.22±4.53） and useful embryos（2.69±2.02︰3.07±3.06）. The suitable doze of FSH is 340mg per head for delivered cows, for the heifers is 300mg. And the seasons have little effect on the superovulation result.

  The Application of AFLP Technique in Studying Plant Genetic Diversity Huang Wenkun,,, Guo Jianying,, Wan Fanghao,, Gao Bida 2006, 22 (8):  50-50.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   PDF ( 158039KB )   ( 632 ) Genetic diversity is the base of biodiversity. Because the AFLP technology has many virtues than other molecular biological techniques，it has been used widely in the studying of plant genetic diversity in recently years, including identifying germplasm resources, the construction of genomic mapping, gene localization and isolation, genetic polymorphism monitoring, molecular marker assisted selection and so on. The principles, the characteristics and the bright future of AFLP are discussed in this paper

  Application of Gene Chip Technology in Rice Research Wang Yingheng，Deng Qiming,，Li Ping, 2006, 22 (8):  55-55.  Abstract + ( 1429 )   PDF ( 146058KB )   ( 671 ) Gene chip is a new technology used to analyze the function of biological macromolecules. Up to now, this technology has been widely applied to the study of plant genome. In this article, we have a detailed summarization of gene chip technology about its application on rice gene expression detection, specific trait related gene isolation, growth and development research, heterosis prediction, seed purity detection , transgenic plant detection or characterization and so on.

  Advances in the Study on High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits of Wheat Ren Weiguo, Zhang Huawen, TianJichun, Guan Yanan, Yang Yanbing 2006, 22 (8):  60-60.  Abstract + ( 1494 )   PDF ( 156141KB )   ( 588 ) In this paper, the relationship between HMW-GS and the wheat baking quality was discussed, and the application of electrophoresis, immunochemistry and molecular markers in the HMW-GS research were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of materials in HMW-GS research were reviewed. The applications of HMW-GS in wheat breeding were stated. This paper also brought up the feasibility of the research about quantitative and quality of HMW-GS on wheat quality.

  Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana γ-TMT Promoter in Transgenic Tobacoo Zhu Yongxing,, Zhou Jian, Wang Lei 2006, 22 (8):  65-65.  Abstract + ( 1375 )   PDF ( 212138KB )   ( 555 ) Gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase(γ-TMT) played a significant role in vitamin E pathway, which catalyze γ、δ-tocopherol into α、β-tocopherol. To analyze the function of γ-TMT promoter, it was inserted into a plant expression vector containing GUS report genes. The expression vector was transferred to wild Tobacoo by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. GUS histochemical assay showed that transgenic tobacco expressed GUS in root, stem and leaf under γ-TMT promoter.

  Construction of Plant Expression Vector Containing Genes Encoding The Key Biosynthesis Enzyme of Astaxanthin( bkt) and Its Expression in Zea mays L. Xu jing, Qu Yanying, Yang Qinli, Yu shanlin,Tan Congping,Hou Yanhua, Qin song 2006, 22 (8):  69-69.  Abstract + ( 1879 )   PDF ( 326062KB )   ( 977 ) Astaxanthin with high antioxidant activity is of great application value. Bkt is the key biosynthesis enzyme of astaxanthin which encoded by bkt gene. Bkt gene expression cassette was constructed by replacing GUS gene in vector pBI221 with bkt gene obtained by PCR method, which contained the CaMV 35S promoter and NOS terminator. Plant expression vector pCAMBIA1301-bkt was constructed by inserting bkt gene expression cassette into multiple cloning site in vector pCAMBIA1301.Bkt gene was transferred into maize Qi 319 mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The results of GUS histochemical assay indicated that bkt gene had been transferred into maize emberyogenic calli.

  Screening and Identification of Alkali-Tolerance Strains Tang Hui, Sui Xinhua, Chen Wenxin 2006, 22 (8):  74-74.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 150103KB )   ( 649 ) : A alkali-tolerance strain CCBAU 81024 was selected from CCBAU, which grows on TY medium at pH 11.5. Further analysis of primary physiological and biochemical characteristics, 16SrDNA nucleotide sequences blast, DNA G+Cmol% and DNA-DNA hybridization provided supporting evidence that the strains belongs to the Sinorhizobium meliloti and offered potential material for studies of the mechanism of alkali-tolerance in the rhizobia.

  The Progress of HD-Zip ATHB6 Zhao Hongmei,，An Lijia, Ma Youhui 2006, 22 (8):  77-77.  Abstract + ( 1694 )   PDF ( 228263KB )   ( 760 ) The homeodomain leucine zipper proteins（HD-Zip）are special transcription factors in higher plants. HD-Zip is characterized by a highly conserved homeodomain and a leucine-zipper domain linked closely to the C-terminal of the homeodomain. HD-Zip ATHB6 is a target of the protein phosphatase ABI1. Data suggested that ATHB6 was related to cell division and/or differentiation in developing organs. ATHB6 represented a negative regulator of the ABA signal pathway. The expression of ATHB6 was regulated in seedlings subjected to water deficit, osmotic stress, exogenous treatment with abscisic acid (ABA) or light quality. This article focuses on a brief introduction on the latest development of the structure and functions of HD-Zip ATHB6.

  RAPD Technique and Its Application to Flower Breeding Han Ling, Lei Jiajun 2006, 22 (8):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 1215 )   PDF ( 159987KB )   ( 441 ) The application of RAPD to flower breeding including cultivar identification, classification, germplasm, analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship, gene location and construction of genetic map is elaborated in the paper. The excellence and defect of RAPD technique are explained and its prospects of application are put forward

  In Vitro Selection for Carnation Clone Against Vitrification Huang Yuxiang, Wu Zujian, Ke fang, Liu Jinyan 2006, 22 (8):  88-88.  Abstract + ( 1446 )   PDF ( 333919KB )   ( 555 ) Plantlets in vitro of ‘Domingo’, one of the red-flowering carnation breeds, were subcultured in vitro. They were selected for obtaining a clone, whose vitrification rate could be controlled less than 10%, by way of progressive subculture. After 27 times of subculture, such a clone was obtained. After 10 times of multiplying culture, the clone could keep the traits of its original one, and no harmful variation was observed, when they grew in a field.

  Multiplicative Propagation and Differentiation of Callus through Fenyang Walnut Leaves Zhang Yan, Fan Hongwei, Zhang Guoqiang, Zhang Pengfei, Wu Guoliang 2006, 22 (8):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1414 )   PDF ( 194136KB )   ( 629 ) The basic medium was modified DKW. The optimum hormone treatment of forming callus through walnut leaves was 6-BA0.01mg/L+2,4-D0.01mg/L. The optimum hormone treatment of callus propagation was BA0.01 mg/L+2,4-D0.8mg/L. The optimum hormone treatment of inducing callus to form buds was KT0.8mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L.

  Progress of Study on Transformation of the Medial Plants Ginkgo ect by Agrobacterium Rhizogenes Ge Xiaoli, Shi Baosheng, Ren Shifu, Zhao Gang, Zhang Shujuan 2006, 22 (8):  95-95.  Abstract + ( 1668 )   PDF ( 197025KB )   ( 769 ) Culturing the hairy roots from the medical plants transformed by the Agrobacterium rhizogenes and extracting the efficient component from them were the useful means to the sustainable development of medical plants. The elements effecting the induction of hairy roots such as transformed condition and combination, the research effecting growth amount and valid substance content were reviewed in the paper

  Tissue Culture of Honeysuckle Liu Wei, He Zhaorong, Zhou Hougao 2006, 22 (8):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   PDF ( 140910KB )   ( 796 ) In order to accelerate development of honeysuckle industry, increase the number of honeysuckle young seedling and protect the ecological environment, the lateral bud of honeysuckle was developed. PLB was obtained through culture of stem with bud of wild honeysuckle on MS with BA0.1mg/L and NAA0.1mg/L. The best combination of hormone for proliferation of honeysuckle was MS with BA0.05mg/L and NAA0.1mg/L. 6-BA played a key role in the lateral bud formation and differentiation.

  Chromosome Observation and Karyotype Analysis of Zingiber officinale Rosc Chromosome Observation and Karyotype Analysis of Zingiber officinale Rosc 2006, 22 (8):  102-102.  Abstract + ( 1589 )   The well-spread and clear mitotic metaphase chromosomes of ginger were obtained. The karyotype analysis showed that ginger was diploid (2n=2x=22). The length of ginger’s chromosome was 128.02μm and the average length was 5.82μm. The ratio of the longest chromosome to the shortest one is 2.06:1, and the arm ration of 45.5% chromosomes was over 2, so that the karyotype is 2B. The karyotype formula is 2n=2x=22=8m+12sm+2st.

  Factors Influencing the Assay of Condensed Tannin in Lycium Ruthenicum Murr. Fang Jiangyu,, Ma Xuelong 2006, 22 (8):  105-105.  Abstract + ( 1436 )   Factors including dry method, comminution and extracting effect on the extraction amount of condensed tannin in the leaf of Lycium ruthenicum Murr were studied. To get the detail relationship among these parameters, different level of those factors was set when measuring the condensed tannin, and the results were analyzed by statistical methods. The results show that both the main effect of a single factor and the mutual action of the factors existed, especially the action between the dry method and the extract, and the action between the commimution and the extract. Freezing dry was better than air dry, medium size particle was better than the large and small particles and the acidic methyl alcohol solution was better than that without acid. Of all the treatments, the combination of freezing dry, 80~100 mesh sieve and 1% HCl in 70% methyl alcohol could yield the largest amount of condensed tannin from the leaf of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.

  Study on the Correlation between Physics-chemical Parameters and Taste Quality of Japonica Rice in Heilongjiang Province Cheng Aihua, Li Xiahui, Yao Xinmiao, Li Hui, Dai Changjun 2006, 22 (8):  108-108.  Abstract + ( 1686 )   390 rice samples planted in Heilongjiang Province from the year 2000 to 2004 were studied on the correlation between taste quality and physics-chemical parameters, such as amylase content, alkali spreading value, gel consistency. The results showed that amylase content and alkali spreading value had poor correlation with taste quality, but gel consistency had high correlation with taste quality of cooked rice in Heilongjiang Province.

  Application of Grey Incidence Analysis in the Evaluation of the Inner Quality of Tobacco Tan Zhongxia, Qing Xiyun 2006, 22 (8):  111-111.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   Grey incidence analysis is an analytical tool based on grey theory. The basic ideology is to estimate the relation of factors studied by the change of their similarity. According to this theory, through the relation index (k) and relation R, to study the degree of incidence, we analyzed the incidence between the integral rating and the inner quality of tobacco. The results indicated that the order of relational grades of main qualitative characters is the ratio of sugar and nicotine>total sugar>reductive sugar>the ratio of nitrogen and nicotine>K2O%>total nitrogen>protein>nicotine. The results will provide theoretical base to the design of the standard quality system of Yunnan Tobacco.

  Effect of Chitosan Coating on Physiological and Quality Changes in Typha latifolia L. Wu Chuanwan,※, Du Xiaofeng, Wang Weizhong, Tian Xingjun 2006, 22 (8):  114-114.  Abstract + ( 1584 )   In order to study the effect of chitosan coating on keeping fresh to Typha latifolia L., the sensory quality of T. latifolia L. as well as its rate of weight loss, decay index, Vitamin C content, fibrin content and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity, were determined after treated with chitosan coating. During its storage process, the content of Vitamin C decreased while the weight loss and the content of fibrin increased rapidly during the first 20 days of storage, followed by a rapid increment in decay index during the later days of storage, but the PPO activity changed with the rate of “low-high-low”. Chitosan coating could inhibit the weight loss and the PPO activity, maintain lower levels of fibrin content but higher content of vitamin C, thereby delayed the senescence process and quality loss and prolonged storage life of T. latifolia L.

  Study on the Extraction Technology of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea L. Zhu Dan, Niu Guangcai, Meng Xianjun 2006, 22 (8):  119-119.  Abstract + ( 1627 )   The extraction technology of polysaccharide from portulaca oleracea L. was studied in this paper. On basis of single factor experiments such as extraction time, temperature and material-water ratio and so on, the optimum extraction technology was determined by orthogonal experiments. With the microwave-assisted extraction for over 30 minutes, material-water ratio was 1:40; the dry materials were extracted 5 hours at the temperature of 100℃ two times. The temperature of extraction was the significant factor. Extraction concentrated to proper volume was precipitated with 4 times volume of 95% ethanol for 4 hours.

  The Study on Chemical Components of Volatile oil in Shaanxi Xingping white Garlic Huang Sen, Liu Laping, Mei Renqiang 2006, 22 (8):  123-123.  Abstract + ( 1996 )   The volatile oil in Xingping white garlic was distilled by vapor distillation–ether extraction. The chemical components of garlic volatile oil was analyzed by GC–MS. 33 compounds were separated from The volatile oil, among them 26 compounds have been identified. These compounds account to 99.39% of total volatile oil. The main chemical components in the volatile oil of Xingping white garlic are sulfur-containing-compound. These sulfur-containing-compounds account to 98.80% of total volatile oil. The main chemical constituents are ‘diallyl trisulfide’, (43.85%), ‘diallyl disulfide’(35.28%)and ‘Trisulfide, methyl 2-propenyl’(11.10%).

  Study and Evaluation of Safety of Smoke Agent on Kiwifruit During Storage Chen Chuan, Hui Wei, Guo Xiaoxia, Sun Pengkang, Shi Yongqiang, Tang Zhouhuai 2006, 22 (8):  126-126.  Abstract + ( 1511 )   Safety of smoke agent on kiwifruit during storage were studied and evaluated, and the evaluation index included Firmness, soluble solid content, appearance and pesticide residues. The result indicated that smoke agent No.2 was safe to kiwifruit during storage, and help it to be stored.

  Treat with Medicine in Fermentation to Improve the Usability of Upper Leaf Tobacco Yin Quanyu, Yang Tiezhao, Dong Pengfei, Feng Na 2006, 22 (8):  128-128.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   Before fermentation, tobacco leaves were treated with four medicines of A, C, D and E to improve the usability of upper leaf. Ten days after fermenting at the conditions of 35℃ and the relative humidity of 90%, the neutral aroma components, the organic acids and the relative chemical components were measured in tobacco upper leaves. The results showed: (1) The medicine C could improve the upper leaves usability. (2)The amount of neutral aroma components of tobacco leaves treated with medicine C was less than that of the leaves without ferment. The content of furfural and hypnone rose in the leaves treated with medicine C, whereas the content of neophytadiend deccreased. (3)The amount of organic acids of leaves increased in the leaves treated with medicine C. (4) The reducing sugar and hydroxybenzene decreased little, however, the total nitrogen and nicotine decreased much in the fermentation leaves treated with the medicine of A, C, D or E.

  GC/MS Analysis of Aroma Compounds in Lychee Wine Wang Zhenqiang, Ma Bo, Chi Jian, Zhao Deyang, Tian Yiling, Sang Yaxin, Shu Ying 2006, 22 (8):  135-135.  Abstract + ( 1699 )   (1College of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University o f Hebei, Baoding 07100; 2College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100; 3Guangdong Huilai Dinong Lychee wine Co., Ltd, Huilai 515200)

  Effect of Different CO2 Concentration on Growth and Development of Rice Under Improved CTGC Systems Xie Liyong,, Lin Erda, Sun Fang, Zhao Haiyan, Tong Chengfeng 2006, 22 (8):  139-139.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   To probe long-term effect of CO2 fertilization on growth and development of crops with climate change, test accuracy of the CO2 and Temperature Gradient Chamber (CTGC) system, CO2 and temperature gradient treatment experiment of rice on whole growth duration was developed. Indices of growth, development and yield formation were mensurated. Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and development of rice was analyzed. Improved principle and function of system was explained. The study showed that there was a significant increase in grain filling increase, filling rate, dry mass increase and increase rate with CO2 treatment, as well as yield and biomass. They all kept an enhancement trend with elevated CO2 and temperature. Biomass enhancement increased obviously in mid and latter period of nutrition growth stage, which caused the delay of rice development. In addition, harvest index of CO2 treatment was lower than CK. The result showed that CO2 and temperature treatment increased rice biomass, and CO2 fertilization effect had certain potence in rice grain yield increasing.

  Analyses on Protein Contents of Grain for Different Rice Varieties He Xiaoling, Zuo Qingfan, Zhang Xia 2006, 22 (8):  144-144.  Abstract + ( 1627 )   Protein content of grain for six different varieties was compared at the same phase of grain filling, and the dynamic change of protein content was analyzed at four phases. Meanwhile, the relationship of protein content of grain with grain filling rate was analyzed. The results indicated that there was a fast-increasing period in the course of protein accumulation of each variety, which was usually at the period or last phase, and that XR243 was chosen as the best parent variety with better nutrition quality because of its higher protein content. Correlation analyses showed that there was no significant correlation between soluble sugar content and protein content of grain. That indicated that Carbon metabolism and Nitrogen metabolism were two independent courses from heading to ripening of rice.

  Preliminary Conclusion on Test Effect of Amylose Content Using Brown Rice Flour in Stead of The Milled Rice Flour Shi Yingyao, Chen Duopu, Zhang Zhizhuan, Shen Guangle, Ding Chaocheng 2006, 22 (8):  148-148.  Abstract + ( 1553 )   With the materials of 58 indica rice varieties, the study was carried on effect of testing rice amylose content by using the brown rice flour in stead of the milled rice flour. The conclusions were as follows: The amylose content of brown rice flour is lower than that of milled rice flour, and the dispatch of amylose content is being increased along with the increase of amylose content. The trend is stable as a whole. The amylose content coefficient of brown rice flour and milled rice flour is about 0.67, and the amylose content coefficient has a little increase along with the increase of amylose content. The determination coefficient of exponent index relation and line relation is higher, they are 0.9246 and 0.9125. We can have conclusions from the experiment result that the amylose content relation of brown rice flour and milled rice flour is relatively stable and credible. The method is feasible of testing amylose content with the brown rice flour, and it can be used to test amylose content of the early generation individual plant material.

  Study on Phytic Acid and its Preservative Function of Cutoff Flower Wang Chengji, Zhang Yuejin 2006, 22 (8):  152-152.  Abstract + ( 1564 )   The utilization of phytic acid in the aspect of foodstuff, medicine, commodity chemical industry and cutoff flower preservation were discussed. The utilization of phytic acid preservative function on cutoff flower was expected. The results showed: the preservative mechanism of phytic acid on the cutoff flower was that it had the function to improve the capacity of anti-oxidation, to reduce respiratory metabolism and lower the consumption of the energy of the cutoff flower. Phytic acid could be chelate with metal ion of coenzyme easily, which could inhibit or slow down the occurring or the proceeding of the flowers' enzymatic reaction and the fresh period was apparently prolonged.

  Comparison of Relative Content of Anthocyanins of 8 Purple Sweet potato Germplasms Zhao Donglan, Tang Jun, Zhang Yungang, Shi Xinmin 2006, 22 (8):  156-156.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   Used 5% citric acid and 95% (1%HCl) ethanol as extractant for sweet potato anthocyanins extraction, and adoptted different material extractant ratio, the sweet potato anthocyanins relative content were determined adopting spectrophotometer colorimetry. The result showed the difference was exist, but not significant. Used 5% citric acid as extractant, and the material extractant ratio 1/25, 8 purple sweet potato anthocyanins relative content were determined. The result showed that the difference was very significance in different varieties. The anthocyanins relative content in YUZI 1 was the highest.

  Effect of Thinning Intensities on the Species Diversity of the Undergrowth Vegetations of Larix principis Plantation Lin Ping, Liu Yong, Li Guolei, Yu Haiqunm, Lv Ruiheng 2006, 22 (8):  158-158.  Abstract + ( 1672 )   The effect of thinning intensities with four different treatments of 75.25%(Ⅰ), 71.85%(Ⅱ), 67.48%(Ⅲ) and 58.75%(Ⅳ) on the undergrowth were carried out in the 23-year-old stands Larix principis with initial density of 5151 trees/hm2 , in lower hilly lands of Yingpan, Yanqing Country of Bejing Municipality. In 2005, 5 years after thinning, the composition, abundance and diversity of the undergrowth in the four plots were investigated and compared. The results showed that both the numbers of species and the composition of the dicotyls were enhanced by thinning density. Meanwhile, the life-form spectrums were influenced and the percentage of chamaephytes and geocryptophyte went as follows: Ⅰ<Ⅱ<Ⅲ<Ⅳ, opposite to the trend of the phanerophytes. Also, the composition of the dominant species of the undergrowth varied greatly, which of the herb layer responded more than shrub layer. The abundance of undergrowth was improved more greatly than evenness by thinning intensities. Additional, the shrub layers were more influenced than the herb layers in the all plots. Based on the results, it was concluded that reasonable thinning intensity was benefit to the development of the undergrowth and so can be an effective way for the sustainable use of plantations. Generally, when the stand with initial density of 5151trees/hm2 grows up to 23 years old, the reasonable thinning intensity should be about 58.75%.

  A Study on Tissue Culture of Prunus campanulata Maxim. Huang Yuxiang Liu Jinyan Zhuo Xiaoli Wan Zhaojian 2006, 22 (8):  162-162.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   Selected as explants, the young branches of Prunus campanulata Maxim. were cultured in vitro. The result showed that the medium 1/4MS+ BA1.0mg/L+IBA0.01 mg/L was best for shoots regeneration; the medium MS＋BA1.0mg/L+GA0.3 mg/L was best for plantlet propagation; the medium 1/2MS＋NAA1.0 mg/L＋IBA0.2 mg/L was best for plantlet rooting.

  Advances on the Bee Bread Research Ji Baozhong, Liu Shuwen, Xu Lina, Zhang Kai 2006, 22 (8):  165-165.  Abstract + ( 1608 )   Bee bread as the food of bee larvae and worker is very important to bee’s life. In this article, the current status of bee bread researches was reviewed, such as the brewing mechanism, the storing up and brewing habits of different kinds of bees and the changes of nutritive and microorganism constituents, pollen activity, water activity and pH during brewing period. Based on introducing the situation of utilization, the main problems and the research trend were also discussed in this article.

  Experimental Study of the Quadratics Rotary Orthogonal Combination Design was Used Balanced Fertilization to Chinese Chestnut Zhou Yingshu, Wang Min, Liu Chongxin 2006, 22 (8):  170-170.  Abstract + ( 1615 )   The quadratics rotary orthogonal combination design was used to conduct field experiment of integrated balanced of yard manure, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer in order to increase the yield of Chinese chestnut．Five quadratic regression mathematical models were established. Some conclusions were drawn from the model: Optimization fertilization program for increase the field of Chinese chestnut are applied yard manure 12.64~13.75 kg after harvest in fruit at previous year. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.56%~1.77% on bearing base shoots of per tree was sprayed in April. Urea 0.27~0.29 kg, calcium superphosphate 0.35~0.40 kg, potassium chloride 0.21~0.23 kg to per tree were applied in July

  Effects of Interplant Wheat in Paddy and Nitrogen on Grain Yield and Quality of Medium Gluten Wheat Zhang Jun,, Dai Qigen, Zhang Hongcheng, Xu Ke, Huo Zhongyang, Zhang Ying, Xu Shunfei 2006, 22 (8):  173-173.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   Two planting types, interplant wheat in paddy (IP) and conventional drilling (CD) were adopted to study the effects of interplant wheat in paddy and nitrogen application on grain yield and quality of medium gluten wheat, Yangmai 10. The results were as follows: planting types significantly influenced grain yield and quality of medium gluten wheat. With the same application of nitrogen, The type of IP, compared with CD, gets higher content of starch and starch components in grain and lower grain yield, the content of grain protein, grain protein yield and the main quality indexes including milling quality, flour quality and paste traits. The type of IP was unfavorable for the grain quality of medium gluten wheat. Increasing the amount of N application and the portion of topdressing N after elongation stage is appropriate for interplanting medium wheat in paddy in the Southern Region of Huaihe River.

  Effects of Retention of Vegetative Branches and Removal of Early Fruiting Branches on the Growth and Development and Yield of Bt transgenic Cotton Tang Wei , Niu Yuehua , Zhang Dongmei , Li Zhenhuai , Li Weijiang , Dong Hezhong 2006, 22 (8):  178-178.  Abstract + ( 1610 )   Two cotton lines with varying maturity, K640 (short season cotton line) and K9918 (spring cotton line ), were grown in Jinan and Linqing in 2004 and 2005, and the effects of retention of vegetative branches (VB) plus removal of early fruiting branches (FB) on plant growth and development, and yield were examined each year. Results showed that retention of VB and removal of FB promoted the plant height and the leaf source, and the leaf area index was increased by 24-94% relative to the VB-removal control. Retention of VB plus removal of FB increased the yields of K640 by 7.4% and 15.6% in 2004 and 2005 respectively, whereas the yield of K9918 was similar to that of control in 2004, and was decreased by 12.0% in 2005. Retention of VB plus removal of FB reduced the percentage of bolls formed pre-summer, but increased those of bolls formed in summer and autumn significantly. Retention of VB plus removal of FB had no significant effect on lint percentage, but significantly affected the boll numbers per ground area and boll weight. It was concluded that effects of VB retention and FB removal on plant growth and development and cotton yield are mainly attributed to the enhanced leaf source and reduced sink/source ratio. Yield increase was only achieved when leaf source of plant population is relatively insufficient.

  Research of Relativity Between Main Traits of Leaves and Yield of Soybean under Different Planting Conditions Du Jidao, Zheng Dianfeng, Liang Xilong Ding Xiwu, Feng Naijie, Zhang Yuxian, Zhang Xiaoyan, Wang Jiahui 2006, 22 (8):  183-183.  Abstract + ( 1691 )   In order to research the relativity between main traits of leaves and yield of soybean under different planting conditions, this experiment took Kennong No.4, a variety of soybean, as the experimental material, established five different treatments and measured its three main trait indexes of leaves at five different growing period, they are the leaf dry weight, the leaf area index and the content of chlorophyll. The result of the test shows: on unit area land, three traits have the closely positive relativity with yield. The relativity between dry leaves weight, both colony middle and upper of every treatments at every periods, and yields attained remarkable even more remarkable level; The relativity between leaf area index and yield reached remarkable level at R1 period and R5 period, and the relativity between leaf area index and yield, at R6 period and the average of all growing period, reached more remarkable level; The relativity between yield and the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll(a+b) on unit area land at the period of R1 and R5.

  The Study on Selection and Breeding of The New Sweet Potato Variety Longshu 10 with High Fecula Guo qimao 2006, 22 (8):  187-187.  Abstract + ( 1470 )   For solving the tighten balance state of foodstuff supply and demand in China and new energy sources demand across the world, according the development needs of sweet potato industrialization, the way of middle materials×(yanfen1/jinshan57) was adopted, new variety sweet potato longshu10 was selected with high and steady yield\high fecula rate\ good disease resistance and good taste. It is not only as “semi-entireness foodstuff”, but also the main material of regeneration energy sources plants. In this research, an important track is found in the limited petroleum resource and the new point of economy increase is searched out for sweet potato industrialization.

  Analysis on Yield and Plant Characters of Direct-Drilled High-Yielding Summer Corn Zhang Lihua, Yang Lihua, Ma Ruikun, Zhang Quanguo, Jia Xiuling, Yao Yanrong 2006, 22 (8):  191-191.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   In order to choose well-sowing summer maize hybrid in direct drilling, study on yield, biomass, harvest index, and ear characters of 20 hybrids was conducted by using randomized design following winter wheat harvested. The result showed that yield of yan202, xundan22, yayu12, zhengdan958 and ai225 could reach 9000 kg/hm2, with more than 60000 ears·hm-2, 420~515 grains ear-1, total grain more than 27.78 million·hm-2, seed weight >280mg, harvest index >0.54, biomass >16300kg/hm2, grains weight ratio ear-1 88±1.34%. The big-eard hybrids, especial flat-leaf ones had little yield advantage. Analysis of correlation showed that yield was very significantly correlated with harvest index, ears hm-2, and grains hm-2and biomass. Ear diameter and rows number ear-1 were significantly correlated with yield for small and middle-eared hybrids, but for big-eard hybrids, Ear diameter was negatively correlated with yield that tied closed up with ear length, grains row-1 and grains weight to ear weight.

  Introduction to the Progress and Problems on Super Rice Breeding Du Shiyun, Wang Shouhai, Li Chenquan, Wang Dezheng, Luo Yanchang, Wu Shuang 2006, 22 (8):  195-195.  Abstract + ( 1655 )   The paper summarized the progress of super rice breeding and the problems that exist in the yield index, comprehensive adaptability of varieties, the methodology of regional trials, the theories and methods for super rice breeding were raised to for discussion. The development in future was prospected.

  Advances in Studies on Out-crossing Seedy in Male-sterile Wheat Liu ShuYing, , Qin ZhiLie, Zhang FengTing, MA Qing 2006, 22 (8):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   Hybrid wheat seed production continues to be a major constraint in a wider application of hybrids. Improving rate of out-crossing seedy is one of the critical reasons of higher yield of hybrid wheat seed production. In recent years, some progress has been made in studies on out-crossing seedy in male-sterile wheat. This paper briefly describes the progress in flowering habits and characters of flower organs of male sterile lines and restorer lines in wheat. Future research directions are pointed out in this review.

  Distribution of Alleles of High Molecular Weight Glutenins Subunits of Cultivars in HuangHuai and Yangtse River Area in China Sun Xueyong, Ma Chuanxi, Si Hongqi, Qiao Yuqang, Wang Wei, 2006, 22 (8):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1265 )   The 277 varieties and lines, which come from HuangHuai and Yangtse River Area in China, were analyzed using SDS-PAGE for its composition of HMW-GS. The results showed that the 3 subunit types which were 1, 2*, N were screened at Glu-A1 locus. Among the three subunits, the frequency of 1 subunit was the highest, its value was 49%; the second was N subunit, its value was 44.77%, the two subunit’s frequency summed to 94.22%. The allele subunits were most abundance at Glu-B1 locus; there were 8 alleles subunit that were screened. Among the subunits, the frequency of 7+8 and 7+9 was the highest value, 38.99% and 36.10% respectively. The next was 14+15, 12.64%, and other subunit’ frequencies were less. 3 subunit types, which were 2+12, 5+10, 4+12, their frequencies were 44.77%, 33.94%, 19.49%, respectively, were identified at Glu-D1 locus. The 43 subunit compositions were identified in the test varieties, the number of varieties included N, 7+8, 2+12 was the highest, its frequency was 12.64%, the second subunit compositions was N, 7+9, 2+12, which accounted for 9.39%; the frequency of subunit compositions included 1, 7+8, 2+12, which accounted for 7.94%; N, 14+15, 4+12 accounted for 5.42%

  Effects of Meteorological Conditions on Yield Componets of Hybrid Rice Shanyou 63 Wang Yali,, He Liyuan 2006, 22 (8):  206-206.  Abstract + ( 1663 )   Interrelation was analyzed between meteorological conditions in different growth stages and yield components in Xinyang with hybrid rice Shanyou 63. The study showed the ear-bearing tiller percentage became higher while the ratio of productive tiller was about 300%, and appropriate daily mean temperature was 26℃, sunlight duration was 5.5h; panicle number was in direct ratio to sunlight duration in tillering stage, and it was not obvious for the change of panicle number while the sunlight duration was above 5h; there was a high panicle Number in booting stage while the temperature was from 28℃ to 30℃, and the daily range was from 8℃ to 10℃; high temperature (>30℃) and sunlight deficiency (<5h) would decrease the rice seed setting rate remarkably; the total sunlight duration, precipitation and daily range all had effects on the rice grain weight; the importance of each yield component was as follows: seed setting rate>panicle number>grain weight.

  The Development and Prospect of Quality Protein Maize Tan Hua, Zheng Debo, Wu Yongsheng, Chen Guopin, Huang Aihua, Huang Kaijian 2006, 22 (8):  211-211.  Abstract + ( 1590 )   The Quality Protein Maize (QPM) has achieved unexpected achievement in the field of plant breeding over the past few years. The lysine and tryptophane content in QPM are higher than normal maize which can improve the nutrient quality greatly, so the QPM is more palatable than normal maize. The article looks back the development history of QPM and QPM breeding program and research progress in China. It emphasizes technology devotion, valuing research, practising multisubjects cooperation, strengthening germplasm resources innovation and using modern biotechnology in the field of QPM breeding in our country. Maize inbred lines and heterosis groups will be transfer into Quality Protein Maize resources, new germplasm resources, new testing methods and applying field will be explored. An industrial chain with research institutes, planting and processing companies, multiply farms is the developing direction of Quality Protein Maize in China.

  Characters Observation of Parents' in the Seed Production of Liangyou2186 Fang Shanru, Cai Juguang, Zhong Jinshou, Zheng Yanmei, Zhang Dan,Zhao Mingfu 2006, 22 (8):  216-216.  Abstract + ( 1555 )   In this paper, the main characters of SE21S and Minghui86( the female parent and male parent of Liangyou2186) were investigated and researched. The result shows that: SE21S, which is the female parent of Liangyou2186, possess the merits of good plant type, long growth duration, high column cap, good resistance, tillering and so on; Minghui86, the male parent, with the characters of tillering, long breeding period, lots of leaves and so on. Through the observation and exploitation of several characters of Liangyou2186, some suggestions of high yield manufacture in Shaxian County were also proposed.

  The Application of Polymerization Hybridization Breeding in the Selection of New Varieties in “Yang You Series” Li Aimin, Zhang Yongtai, Hui Feihu, Zhou Rumei, Zhao Wenxian, Xie Yunfeng, Qian Shanqin, Fan Qi 2006, 22 (8):  220-220.  Abstract + ( 1464 )   According to the contraction between good quality and high yield in the early stage of breeding of Rape seed, the breeding methods and thoughts of “Combined with plant style theory, pay attention to choose parent, using polymerization hybridization, pedigree selection in low generation, and group selection in high generation”, a group of new varieties of normal rapeseed of good quality and high yield was breed at the time of “the tenth five –year plan”. The outstanding characteristics of these new varieties were: high yield, exuberant vegetative growth at every stage, higher plant height, harmony production characteristics, abundance pods on every plant, the pod layer was similar to “huagai” style; better quality index; stronger resistance to diseases. And it was proved that, the proper use of polymerization breeding in the breeding of rapeseed breeding will benefit the increase of the yield and quality of rapeseed, and it was also proved that the yield level of normal rapeseed have a space of increasing.

  Preliminary Studies on Resisting Drought and Saving Water Physiology of Soybean and Integrative Water and Fertilizer Planting Technology Su Qingrui, Chi Fengqin, Li Maosong, Song Jiqing, YOSHIHIKO HAYAKAWA 2006, 22 (8):  225-225.  Abstract + ( 1524 )   In order to make sure the planting technology of resisting drought and saving water of soybean in dry farming areas, insure the sustainable development of soybean production, we investigated the technology of resisting drought and saving water on soybean through the character of Heilongjiang Province as dry farming areas. The result showed: covering film between rows increased the soil moisture. It increased 1.19% comparing with the no covering treatment; (2) spraying no-tillage regulator improved the physical character of soil obviously, bulk density was lower than the period before sowing; (3) covering film and applying fertilizer rationally improved the indexes of soybean photosynthesis at a certain extent, its yield and water use efficiency were higher than other treatments.

  Discussion on Science and Art of Crop Breeding Zhang Zhengbin 2006, 22 (8):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   Since tradition breeding (eu-selection method) developed to ordinary breeding (cross) then to modern breeding (gene engineering, molecular breeding), breeding developed from one art to the science. Breeding is a science more than an art today. Breeding is a philosophy with high abstraction and integration and a science with high-level theory and art. Breeder must be a specialist in discovering and utilizing key genes and creating new genotypes. Selecting and crossing parents and selecting good offspring are the key art in the breeding program. Breeding is the eugenics in the environment science, and is the economics in the ecology science. Eight principles are suggested for crop breeding as follows: overcoming the key limit factor for high yielding, high yielding，stable yielding, widely compatibility, high efficiency use of every kinds of natural resources，meeting the need for society, adapting to ecology selection and innovating in the evolution. Breeding science needs to be innovated and developed continuously in future. We should put more attention on reasonably utilizing and combing with every kinds of breeding technology, developing and enhancing the level of science and art of breeding, increasing the selecting efficiency in crop breeding, and selecting more excellent crop varieties.

  Effects of Shading at Different Growth Stages on Amylose and Protein Contents in Rice Grain LiuQihua, LiTian, CaiJian, ZhangJianjun 2006, 22 (8):  234-234.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   Effects of 50% shading at early and late stages (from transplanting to initial period of young spike, from heading date to maturity date) on amylose and protein contents in rice grain was investigated. The results were as follows: Amylose accumulation law in rice grain under shading treatment was similar to that of control, and the law could be simulated by square curve equation. Shading at the early stage was favorable to amylose accumulation and enhanced amylose content in grain, which was contrary to the influence of shading at the late stage. Shading at the early stage disadvantaged the accumulation of protein and decreased protein content in grain, while shading at the late stage had contrary effect.

  Effects of Flue-cured Tobacco and Sweet Clover and Sweet Potato Intercropping on Leave Potassium Contents and Virus Diseases Occurrence of Tobacco Liu Lifang, Tang Shikai,, Xiong Junfen, Zheng Yi 2006, 22 (8):  238-238.  Abstract + ( 1651 )   The field experiments were conducted to study the effects of tobacco and sweet potato intercropping, tobacco and sweet clover intercropping on leaves potassium content and virus diseases occurrence of tobacco. The results showed that the intercropping practice could reduced tobacco virus disease occurrence; especially tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)、tobacco etch virus (TEV).The occurrence of TMV, TEV decrease by 77.24%~83.1% , 80%~100% respectively in intercropping in comparison with that of monocropping. Leave potassium contents of tobacco increased by 0.05%~0.92% in intercropping in comparison with that of monocropping.

  Selection and Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought-Resistant Rice Variety (Wang Xiuping, Ke Shaoying, Lu Xuelin, Zhang Guoxin) 2006, 22 (8):  242-242.  Abstract + ( 1690 )   In order to select drought-resistant rice variety suiting to grow in Hebei province, drought resistance of 21 rice stable varieties was studied by change of the agronomic characters of rice varieties cultivated in the paddy and upland field, which was correlative with crop production. The result indicated that the longer growth date, the shorter panicle length, the lower plant height and the lower yielding capacity of rice varieties were found under the dry cultivation relative to paddy cultivation. Principal factor which influenced rice yield under the dry cultivation condition was grain number per panicle. By drought resistance index and comprehensive evaluation of agronomic character, the result showed rice varieties wd1, wd10, wd11 and wd12 were medium varieties, which were suitable for dry cultivation by their stable yield, superior synthesis characters.

  Research Progress in Greenhouse Effect Caused by Conservation Tillage Liu Jianmin, Hu Lifeng, Zhang Aijun 2006, 22 (8):  246-246.  Abstract + ( 1763 )   Based on no tillage and straw returned to farmland affecting greenhouse emission, research method about greenhouse emission and greenhouse effect under conservation tillage system were summarized in the paper. The way of research greenhouse emission in future was put forward. It was pointed out that greenhouse effect of conservation tillage was not just simple summation of no tillage’s and straw’s. New type of conservation tillage and its greenhouse effect will be the research focus in the future

  Study on High Yield Techniques for Hybrid Rice-liangyouduoxi 1 Chen Shaoting 2006, 22 (8):  250-250.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   A comprehensive culture technique for the Hybrid Rice liangyouduoxi 1 was studied by the method of optimization design. Four influential elements were planting density(x1),seedling age(x2), quantities of nitrogen(x3) and potassium（x4）.The regression models of four elements with yield were established. The results showed that four elements affected the yield. After simulated screening and optimal by computer, the comprehensive culture techniques of high yield were 148000~281000 hills per hm2, 32~33 days for transplanting, 96.9~167.7kg N and 147.5~169.8 kg K2O per hm2.

  Comparison of Agronomic Characters of Bt Transgenic Cotton with Insect-Resistance in Varied Years Chen Yuhe, Qin Suping, Wang Wenpo, Lin Xiaohu, Wang Honggang 2006, 22 (8):  253-253.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   The objective of this study was to find if there were any differences among three Bt transgenic varieties with insect-resistance in two years. The Bt transgenic varieties with insect-resistance showed the similar trend in both seed cotton yield and lint yield in 2002 and 2003 while they showed significantly difference in fiber characters. Among the three varieties, Xinmian 33B was the best in the yield. The interaction of variety and year was obvious. Xianmian 33B yielded higher than the Check, CCRI12 in 2002 while it got similar yield with the Check in 2003. JS166 was better in seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll number per plant and boll size in two years. Moreover, JS166 got lower percentage of boll shedding in 2003. 99035 obtained the same yield as the Check. In 2002 all three Bt transgenic varieties with insect-resistance had similar fiber characters with the Check while in 2003 the fiber length and fiber uniformity were better than the Check.

  Relation of Grain Filling Traits and Percentage of Head Milled on High Quality Rice under Different Climate Conditions Luo Xianfu, Fu Liming, liu Yunkai, Zhou Yongxia, Li Ruirong 2006, 22 (8):  256-256.  Abstract + ( 1246 )   The grain filling traits and percentage of head milled on high quality rice variety Ai-hua 5 by different seeding stage were studied. Results showed that the grain filling rate were faster in prophase and metaphase of filling stage than anaphase, when the date of average temperature preponderate ranges 27.9℃ to 29.8℃ after heading stage 20d. But when the date of average temperature preponderate ranges 25.2℃ to 25.9℃ after heading stage 20d, the results were reverse.

  Research on Flue-Cured Tobacco Seedling Production with Floating System and Its Application in Southern and Central parts of Hunan Province Zhang Dawei, Hu Risheng, Yang Quanliu, Li Dongsheng 2006, 22 (8):  259-259.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   In order to introduce techniques of flue-cured tobacco seedling production with floating system in Hunan Province, experiments were carried out on formulation of medium and nutrient solution as well as other suitable tobacco seedling production techniques. The results suggest that medium 14 mixing of peat, fine perlite, and carbonized chaff to a scale is recommended to tobacco seedling production with floating system. It indicates that because of the utilization of mineral nutrition, such as Ca2+ and Mg2+, in water, nutrient solution 2, which is suitable to tobacco seedling growth and development, is cheaper in costs of production. It shows that the middle ten days of December are the most suitable sowing date, witch guarantee flue-cured tobacco more than 120 days growth duration after transplanting and avoid conflicts between tobacco production and succession crop production. It indicates that 3~5 times of leaf cutting and 1/3~1/2 cutting area of tobacco leaf are in favor of high quality of tobacco seedling. Demonstration tests show that tobacco seedling production with floating system gains an advantage over two-stage system in cost of tobacco seedling production, seedling quality, prevention and cure of tobacco disease as well as production trait, etc

  Study on Variety Comparison Test of Burley Tobacco Shang Zhiqiang 2006, 22 (8):  264-264.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   In order to select quality Burley tobacco varieties, which were appropriate for planting at Baoshan, the field comparison test of 6 introduced varieties were conducted and their agricultural and economic character, disease resistance were analyzed. The agricultural character results showed that the plant height of 5 varieties was higher than that of CK. The leaf number of all the varieties was lower than that of CK, and that of the KY8959 was the highest and Ky908 was the lowest. The growing stage of all varieties had no significant different, which were middle-late maturing variety. The resistance date indicated that disease incidence of Va1061, KY8959, TN90 of the tobacco mosaic virus and tobacco black shank disease was lower than that of CK, and the disease incidence of brown spot of Va1061, KY8959, TN90 was higher. The specific leaf gravity of KY907 was the heaviest in all the lower leaf of varieties, which was 3.421mg/cm2. The specific leaf gravity of KY8959 was the heaviest in all the cutters, upper leaf of varieties, which was respectively 4.427 mg/cm2、7.645mg/cm2. The average specific leaf gravity of Ky8959 was the heaviest. The yield of KY908 was the highest, and that of CK and KY8959 was second. The output value of CK was the highest, and that of KY907 was second, and the first-class tobacco proportion of TN90 was the highest. TN90, KY8959 had better total characteristics, so they were considered primarily to be quality Burley tobacco varieties, which appropriated for planting in Baoshan.

  Correlation and Path Analysis Among Grain Oil Rate and Grain Structure and Different Levels of Nitrogen and Potassium of High Oil Corn Huang Xiongjuan, Liang He, Wu Zikai 2006, 22 (8):  268-268.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   The experiment was conducted with a new high oil corn species to study the correlation and path analysis among grain oil content, grain structure and different levels of nitrogen and potassium. The results showed that embryo/ endosperm area had the greatest effect on the grain oil rate which its path coefficient（P3y）was 3.7557，the embryo area which its P2y was 1.8027 had less effect than embryo/ endosperm area on the grain oil rate, while the endosperm area (P2y = -0.0358) had the least effect. The different levels of nitrogen and potassium had some effects on corn grain oil content by changing the grain structure of embryo/ endosperm area.

  Effect of Pre-harvest Sprouting on Yield and Quality of Brassica napus Chen Guangyao, Wang Guohuai, Luo Feng, Nie Mingjian 2006, 22 (8):  272-272.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   By using pre-harvest sprouting of Brassica napus lines 780、943、890、11-5、20-1 as material in the field condition, the seeds were divided into three groups of which including full germinating seeds, natural seeds, no germinating seeds, and the main qualities were tested through Infrared Spectroscopy; The effects of four kinds of seeds in terms of sprout length and seed length on 1000 seeds weights were investigated. The results show that seeds oil and erucic acid content were decreased, protein content was increased, and glucosinolate content had no regular change. 1000 seeds weight were decreased by 5.52%~22.17%.

  Study on the Bio-Effect of Cadmium and Phosphorus Interaction on Oilseed Rape under Alternate Wetting and Drying Cycles Condition in an Artificial Contaminated Calcareous Soil Wang Xinmin, Weizhihua, Jie Xiaolei, Bian Chuanzhou, Hou Yanlin 2006, 22 (8):  275-275.  Abstract + ( 1599 )   A pot culture experiment was carried out to study the bio-effect of cadmium (Cd)- phosphorus(P) interaction on oilseed rape under alternate wetting and drying cycles condition in greenhouse. The result showed that it were significant in shoot dry biomass production by plants of rape in Cd treatment, P treatment and the interaction of Cd and P treatment, and in root dry biomass production, it was also significant in P treatment, while other treatments were not. Phosphorus improved the shoot and root growth on rape, but cadmium blocked the shoot and root growth on rape. The maximum dry biomass production was present to the Cd0P100 treatment, while the least was Cd30P0 treatment. The uptake of total Cd content increased with P and Cd increase. The significant was found in P concentration in shoot and root of rape in P treatment, while it was not in Cd treatment and the interaction of Cd and P treatment. And the P and Cd concentration of the shoot of rape always lower than the root of the rape.

  Effects of Application of Auxin on Enzyme Activity and Chemical Components in Flue-curd Tobacco Guo Fangjun, Han Jinfeng, Zhang Jianzhong 2006, 22 (8):  279-279.  Abstract + ( 1649 )   Effects of applying auxin(IAA) on enzyme activity and chemical components in tobacco after topping were investigated. The results showed that the nitrate reductase(NR) in the root and the leaves of flue-cured tobacco decreased, the invertase(INV) activity and root vitality were reducing tendency, the content of potassium increased and level of nicotine decreased, The reducing sugar and total sugar improved slightly, the starch decreased slightly, total nitrogen didn’t change much. Among the different concentration: 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, the 30 mg/kg was more suitable.

  Research Progress on Plant Leaf Senescence Liang Qiuxia, Cao Gangqiang, Su Mingjie, Qin Guangyong 2006, 22 (8):  282-282.  Abstract + ( 1630 )   Leaf senescence is an important disintegration signal in the stage of plant leaf growth process. This paper reviewed the characteristics, mechanism, senescence-associated genes, affecting factor (organ, phytohormone, oxidation intimidate etc.) of plant leaf senescence, as well as the molecular regulation and control of gene expressing in plant leaf senescence. Also, we analyzed general direction of plant leaf senescence research at present.

  The Correlation Between the Soluble Protein Content and the Free Amino Acids During Germination of Tobacco Seeds Bai Yongfu, Lu Xiuping 2006, 22 (8):  286-286.  Abstract + ( 2104 )   The purpose of the research is to study the relationship between the content of soluble protein and the free amino acids during the germination of tobacco seeds. Using both flue-cured tobacco K326 seed and burley tobacco TN86 seed as the studying materials, the content of soluble protein and the free amino acids in tobacco seed was tested by ultraviolet and visible light spectrophotometer. In this article, when tobacco seeds germinated, the dynamic changes of content of soluble protein and the free amino acids were concerned with the changes of such components at 0h, 2h, 6h, 12h, 18h, 24h, 30h, 36h, 42h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 84h, 96h, 168h, 336h, respectively. The results showed that the contents of the soluble protein in flue-cured tobacco K326 seed reached its maximum value at the 96th hour, while it was at the 168th hour in burley tobacco TN86 seed. The maximum value at the 336th hour so did the contents of the free amino acids in both flue-cured tobacco K326 seed and burley tobacco TN86 seed during the germination of tobacco seeds. The dynamic changes between the contents of the soluble protein and the contents of the free amino acids presented the very notably positive correlation.

  Studies on The Relationship between Soluble Sugar Content in The Leaves and The Starch accumulation in The Root Tuber of Cassava Luo Xinglu, Chi Minqing, Huang Xiaofeng, Xie Hexia, Lu Feiwu 2006, 22 (8):  289-289.  Abstract + ( 1658 )   The relationships between soluble sugar contents in the leaves and the starch accumulation in the root tubers of cassava were studied with 8 cassava varieties (SC205, SC201, SC5,GR891, FuXuan01, SC124, XinXuan 048 and XinXuan056)in this experiment. The results showed that the soluble sugar contents in the leaves increased from the root tuber setting stages to the ripping stage, and the soluble sugar contents in the leaves existed evident positive relativity to the starch accumulation in the root tubers. The reducing sugars content in leaf varied in the same trend. But the sucrose content in leaf reduced from the root tuber growth stages to the ripping stage. The sucrose contents in the leaves existed evident negative relativity to the starch accumulation in the root tubers. Eight cassava varieties had the same trend.

  Studies on Effect of Potassium Fertilize Applied on Yield of Bt Cotton Zhou Taohua, Zhang Haipeng, Liu Ling 2006, 22 (8):  292-292.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   The effect of potassium fertilizer application amount, fertilization method and different Bt cotton varieties were researched. The experiment was carried out on the farm of Anhui agricultural university and Suzhou city agricultural science institute from 2002 to 2003. The results were shown as follows: Compared with CK, contrast Transgenic Bt cotton which K fertilizer was applied in the same conditions, 2.3%~18.9% lint yield was increased and fiber quality was improved. K fertilizer applied amount for best profit was 375kg/hm2. The reason of production increase was that fruit branches, bolls, boll weight and lint increased and bolls ratio of quality increased obviously. The effect of 60% based dressing and 40% early flower period of K fertilization was the best. The experiment also declared that the effect was different between 32B and CCRI29. While in the same condition of K fertilization application, CCRI29 increased 12.7% in comparing with CK, 32B increased 11.2% in comparing with CK. 32B is sensitive to the potassium fertilizer obviously. CCRI29 increased 6.7% in comparing with 32B. Main physiological reason is that CCRI29 per plant increased more dry matter accumulation weight, especially from early flower to open stage. The dry matter accumulation weight of CCRI29 increased rapidly. The result indicated that hybridizing anti-sect cotton had remarkable hybrid advantage.

  Application of Principal Component Analysis Method to Quality Evaluation of Soil Planted Garlic in Qixian Wang Hengxu, Hu Yonghua, Wang Wencheng, Wang Zhikun, Zhao bo 2006, 22 (8):  297-297.  Abstract + ( 1657 )   The principal component analysis could simplify data structures in the precondition of minimizing loss of original data information. By means of the principal component analysis, the important theoretical basis could be provided for the grading management of soil. Based on the investigation of garlic ecosystem geochemistry in Qixian, the mineral elements in the soil and garlic quality were tested. The fifteen mineral nutrition elements and garlic quality were chosen as main indexes for value, and the principal component analysis was used to evaluate all kinds of soils in this area. The result of sorting out the rank of soil was in accordant with practices.

  Potassium nutrition and potassium fertilizer for tobacco production Xie Yan, Wang Wenkai, Zhao Jie, Dong Jianxin, Liang Hongbo 2006, 22 (8):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   Potassium is the most important quality element of tobacco. This paper has fully discussed the potassium nutritional physiology, the chemical behavior in soil of potassium and the possible reasons of low potassium content of China tobacco leaf in some aspects, such as the physiology function, the relations with quality of tobacco leaf, the soil chemistry of potassium, uptake and distribution of tobacco plant, etc. Furthermore, we investigated the potassium application on tobacco production in China and summarized the following conclusions. 1. The major type of potassium applied on tobacco production in China is K2SO4 and KNO3. 2. Increasing K application had a tendency to raise K level in leaf. 3. Apply K in several times better than in one time. 4. K should apply into soil before NH4+-N applied and deep application. Double layer application is better than basal dressing. 5. K2SO4 and KNO3 apply together better than only apply KNO3.

  Effect of Application Stage of Panicle Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Rice Zhu Xiaoyan, Su Zufang 2006, 22 (8):  308-308.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   The experiments were carried out with Guanglingxiangjing and Liangyoupeijiu, the effect of application stage of panicle fertilizer on yield and the quality of rice were studied systematically. The results showed as follows: (1) Different cultivars varied under different application stage of panicle fertilizer. Under 15kg/mu total application amount of nitrogen, Liangyoupeijiu, that was applicated at inverse 1st leaf stage got high yield easily, under 10kg/mu total application amount of nitrogen, it got higher yield at inverse 4th leaf and inverse 2nd leaf stage. Under suitable total application amount of nitrogen, Guanglingxiangjing was coordinated between panicle and ears, enhanced kilo grain weight and seed setting percentage, and enhanced yield at inverse 4th leaf and inverse 2nd leaf stage. (2) Under the same application amount, along with postponing the application stage, the percentage of chalkiness and chalkiness of Liangyoupeijiu were lowered, and the milling quality and the protein content were improved, the amylose content and the gel consistency were decreased, the percentage of chalkiness and the milling quality and the protein content of Guanglingxiangjing, were increased along with postponing the application stage, but the amylase content and gel consistency was decreased. Therefore, to got high yield, the panicle fertilizer of Liangyoupeijiu was applied twice at inverse 3rd leaf and inverse1st leaf stage, and Guanglingxiangjing was at inverse 4th leaf and inverse 2nd leaf stage.

  Impact on Output and Quality of the Water Spinach of Different Amount Organic Fertilizer Application Zhao Yueping, Wang Yangyang, Huo Xiaoting, Wang Weiwu 2006, 22 (8):  313-313.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   The effects of different amount of organic fertilizer application in the nuisance-free cultivation technique on quantity and quality of water spinach were studied in the paper. The results showed that under the condition of this experiment, there was an obvious increase on growing situation, earlier growing stage and output when medium organic fertilizer (15000kg/hm2) was applied on the water spinach. But it won’t increase much if excessive organic fertilizer (225000kg/hm2) or insufficiently (7500kg/hm2) is applied. In one growing period, the change of nitrate content had obscure regularity when the different quantity of fertilizer was applied. In the whole growing cycle, the nitrate content in the plant changed from little to more and then to little. But it was lower than the national standard all the while. As to the content of Vc, the change was not obvious.

  Effect of Medium and Trace Elements, Organic Fertilizer on Qualities of Baoshan Sun-cured Tobacco Zhang Chendong 2006, 22 (8):  320-320.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   In order to investigate the effect of medium and trace elements, organic fertilizer on appearance and internal qualities of sun-cured tobacco, search after some efficient ways to improve the qualities, by adding organic fertilizer in basal dressing and spraying trace elements on leaf surface, the results showed that both organic and medium or trace fertilizer having the effect of increasing output value and yield. Among the experimental treatments, magnesium fertilizer and manure plus rape cake showed the most. In addition, spraying boric fertilizer decreased nicotine content in leaves by 29.5%, but it changed less in upper leaves when applying organic fertilizer alone. Therefore, it was feasible that applying organic fertilizer under control. Furthermore, applying organic fertilizer improved the smoking quality. At growing age, spraying boric fertilizer with proper amount can reduce nicotine content evidently and improve aroma quality, which giving rise to harmony of chemical composition of tobacco shred and better quality in the round.

  Effects of Slow-release Fertilizers on Bitter Gourd ( Momordica charantia ) Effects of Slow-release Fertilizers on Bitter Gourd ( Momordica charantia ) 2006, 22 (8):  324-324.  Abstract + ( 1485 )   A two-year field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of four types of?non-coated bulk blend slow-release nutrient fertilizers on the fruit yields and quality of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). The results indicated that slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) was most effective in increasing fruit yields and improving fruit quality of bitter gourd among the slow-release nutrient fertilizers. Compared with the spilt applications of the specific bulk blend fertilizer and conventional fertilizer, basal application of the slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) increased the fruit yield of bitter gourd from 14.9% to 18.0% and 6.9% to 8.0%, respectively. Ascorbic acid (Vc) and crude protein contents of the fruits were also increased by 18.4% and 34.8%. However, no differences were observed in water soluble sugar contents of the fruits.? In addition, application of the slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) increased the agronomic nitrogen use efficiency from 33.8% to 62.0%, and 14.3% to 23.1%. The results of this study suggested that the slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) may have potential as a commercial slow-release fertilizer.

  Effects of Humic Acid on Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco Gao Jiahe 2006, 22 (8):  328-328.  Abstract + ( 1228 )   To make certain of the promoted action of humic acid on the growth of flue-cured tobacco, the influence of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100mg/kg humic acid on root biomass, stem-leaf biomass and root system vigour of flue-cured tobacco were studied in this paper by nutrient solution?water planting test. The result indicated that 10d, 20d, 30d after incubation, the root fresh weight, root dry weight, root system vigour, stem-leaf fresh weight and stem-leaf dry weight of water planting tobacco increased with the humic acid concentration raising within 20mg/kg~60 mg/kg. The 60mg/kg concentration humic acid, which was the concentration of the highest volume for each aforementioned index, can promote the growth of tobacco plant. At the condition of above 60mg/kg concentration humic acid, the root fresh weight, root dry weight, root system vigour, stem-leaf fresh weight and stem-leaf dry weight of water planting tobacco decreased with the humic acid concentration rise, then the growth of tobacco was inhibited.

  Studies on Combined Application of Zn, Mn and Mo in Mixed Sowing Grassland Guo Xiao, Jie Xiaolei, Hu Huafeng 2006, 22 (8):  331-331.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   Based on soil conditions in Henan province，physiologic characters and existing question in grass production，this paper conducted many applied studies about three trace element fertilizers（Zn、Mn and Mo）in Mixed Sowing grassland consisting of Birdsfoot(Lotus corniculatus L.) and Orchardgrass(Dectylis glomerata L.)，and analyzed applied ranges and concrete measures. The results showed that effective applied concentration of Zn fertilizer ranges from 200 to 600 mg/kg and optimum concentration ranges from 200 to 400 mg/kg which can promote grass photosynthesis and enhance seed yield, Combined Application of Zn, Mn and Mo can not only enhance photosynthetical ability and seed yield, but also promote forage production significantly (increasing by 11.8%) under the concentration of 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg for Zn, Mn and Mo respectively.

  Effect of Organic Fertilizers on The Growing Development of Naked Oats in Dry Lands Ma Hongbin, Guo-Ruiping 2006, 22 (8):  335-335.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   Three-year study of using organic fertilizers on naked oats in dry lands was done. The result showed that both naked oats yield and soil fertility could be improved by using organic fertilizers reasonably in dry lands. Proper fertilization could add oil nutrient and improve naked oats yield stably. On the contrary, none or less organic fertilizers in dry lands brought on low yield and infertile soil, and soil became hard for decreasing organic material year by year.

  A New Summer Squash Fl Hybrid—‘Chunyu NO. 2’ Cheng Yongan, Zhang Enhui, Xu Zhongmin, Wang Yanni, Fu Qiaoling 2006, 22 (8):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 1166 )   ‘ChunyuNo 2’ is a new and early-maturing summer squash Fl hybrid breeded by crossing white skin summer squash inbred line 007Tai-30-1-1 as female parent with early-maturing green skin summer squash inbred 1ine 9505Qing-2-3-3-6 as male parent. It has vigorous plant, and long rhomboid fruits with vivid white skin. Its yield under protected cultivation is about 75t/hm2 and is 11.4~14.3% higher than that of ‘ZaoqingYidai(CK)’. It has been extended to Shaanxi, Gansu, Hebei etc.

  Landscape Pattern Analysis and Comprehensive Assessment of Greenbelt in LuoYang City He Ruizhen, Zhang Jingdong, Tian Guohang, Zhao Qiaohong, Li Hongchao 2006, 22 (8):  341-341.  Abstract + ( 1698 )   In city, Greenbelt landscape is the basis of ecological system, the matrix and environment for people to live on and the carrier of biological diversity .Luoyang is taken as investigative object in this paper, using remote sensing to obtain greenbelt landscape information, and the greenbelt information special database was built. Under the direction of landscape ecology, the greenbelt landscape pattern is analyzed from such aspects as greenbelt quantity，greenbelt size, joint degree and spatial structure, etc．Applying primary component analysis to the vegetation landscape ecological comprehensive assessment，the landscape ecological comprehensive assessment of greenbelt is carried on in different districts．The assessing indices are divided into three types that the first is landscape pattern index, the second is separation index and the third is corridor density index. Because the greenbelt area of per man, the green cover ratio, the mean patch area, the landscape dominance and the diversity is maximum in Jianxi district. The result showed that：Jianxi is best，the second is Xigong , the third is Laocheng ,the fourth is Luolong, and Chanhe is worst．The method offers useful reference for regional landscape pattern assessment and puts forward the basis for optimizing the landscape structure of Luoyang greenbelt system.

  The Effect of Double-paper Bag on the Skin Pigment, Fruit Sugar and Acidity of Red Fuji Apple Wei Jianmei,, Qi Xiudong, Fan Chonghui, Zhao Zhengyang 2006, 22 (8):  346-346.  Abstract + ( 1577 )   The experiment was carried on in Red Fuji apple with paper bags during fruit development. The result was showed as follows: The chlorophyll content in fruit skin of bagging apple was lower than control. Among them, Chl.a was decreased most and it was parallel with total chlorophyll content. The capacity of carotenoid was decreased little, which may be more advantageous to the fruit coloring. The content of anthocyanin was notably lower than control during fruit maturation. After 5 days of bag removal, its content surpassed the control and was more 1 times than control when harvesting. The fruit bagging influenced the content of the carbohydrate. The experiment indicated that the titratable acid is notably lowered in red Fuji apple after bagging. It was lowered in the content of various soluble sugar ( total sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose, fructose, glucose) and the starch to some extent. But there was the same change trend between bagging and control.

  Research In Exporting Cauliflower Safety Produce Technology Yang Zhong, Lu Xikang, Chen Zhong, Zhang Youwei, Wang Shizhong 2006, 22 (8):  351-351.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   A series of research in exporting cauliflower was made in variety filtering, grow seeding technology, making use of mixed fertilizer according to prescription, preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests, etc. New cauliflower variety with good quality and high yield and its safety produce technology were mastered. Cauliflower in demonstrated area and usual area was compared. The result showed that 10.6~14.8 percent was increased on the rate of merchandise, 22.37%~32.16% was decreased on dosage of fertilizer, 23.08%~42.05% was decreased on dosage of pesticide, 3600~4380yuan/hm2 was increased on income. 12 kinds of poisonous and harmful materials in exporting the cauliflower safety produce demonstrated area decreased clearly compared with standard, such as heavy metals, chemical pesticide, nitrate or second nitrate etc.

  Influence of Half-root Water Stress on Root Vitality and Leaf Related Parameters in Apple Plants Cui Miaoling, Xu Xuefeng, Li Tianzhong, Han Zhenhai 2006, 22 (8):  355-355.  Abstract + ( 1664 )   The fixed roots-divided and alternative roots-divided water stress were used to compare the effects of different water stress on root vitality, root water potential, and leave relative water content of Malus hupehensis in the experiment. The result showed that the fixed root-divided water stress had positive influence on the leave relative water content, root dry weight, root surface, root vitality and root water potential on the half-root unstressed. The water-containing capacity of the fixed roots-divided water stress was better than that of the alternative root-divided water stress. All of the parameters of the unstressed half-root on the fixed roots-divided were remarkably higher than the two half-roots both water stressed. And the fixed root-divided water stress was keeping higher leave relative water content and root potential than the alternative root-divided water stress, therefore this suggested that half-root water stress may play a positive role in making full use of water on root and the experiment showed that the fixed root-divide water stress had more significance than the alternative on utilization of water on root under stress.

  Inheritance of Fruit Weight in F1 Hybrids of Peach Chen shuangjian，, Li Angen 2006, 22 (8):  360-360.  Abstract + ( 1375 )   The frequency distribution of fruit average weight in F1hybrids of peach was studied by using 30 cross combinations of 7 types. The results showed that the ratios of small, middle and large individuals from the combination of Large×Large, Large×Middle, Middle×Large, Middle×Middle, Middle×Small and Large seedling，Middle seedling were 0:2:1, 1:4:1, 1:4:1, 2:3:1, 1:6:3, 2:4:1 respectively. The heritability for fruit weight was 0.4403, and there existed significant smaller weight than parent’s inheritance. In the different types F1 hybrids of peach, the Large×Large and Large seedling obtained higher ratio than others and the ratios were 30 percent and 30.47 percent. In F1 hybrids of peach, the fruit average weight of parents was in contrast with Okubo in the general combining ability. The results showed that the better females were ‘Wanhuangjin’, ‘Okayama 500’, ‘Yangquanroutao’ and the better males were ‘Myojyo’and‘Elberta’.

  Summary on Technology Propagation and Scale Cutting of Lilium Shan Yan, Zhao Hui, Li Zhilin 2006, 22 (8):  365-365.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   In this paper, the methods and technologies of oriental Lilium scale cutting are summarized. According to the practice, five key technical procedures of improving propagation efficiency are put forward, including selecting high quality lilium scale and portion, using appropriate medium, disposing of suitable incretion, attaching importance to scale cutting methods and enhancing the management level.

  Application and Efficacy of Polygonum hydropiper L. Zeng Weiai,, Tan Jicai, Tan Lin, Zhang Chunyan, Chen Jianzhi, Li Xianwen, Li Mi 2006, 22 (8):  369-369.  Abstract + ( 1977 )   The application of Polygonum hydropiper L.on botanical pesticides, medicine and health care, animal medicine was reviewed. Polygonum hydropiper L. was used on medicine and health care because of it's, anti-microbial anti-oxidation and anti-virus activity. Insecticidal activity, anti-feeding effects, and trend avoiding were used on botanical pesticides. It also can be applied on veterinary drug, which had good result. The superiority of botanical pesticides from Polygonum hydropiper L. was introduced.

  The Calcium Nutrition And Calcium Treatments of Apple Tree Wang Jianguo, Song Yuqin, Wu Guoliang 2006, 22 (8):  373-373.  Abstract + ( 2351 )   Fruit quality of Apple is the main factor which influences its price for export, and its market competition ability. Calcium is thought to be the most important mineral element determining fruit quality. Calcium in adequate amounts helps to maintain apple fruit firmness and decreases the incidence of physiological disorders. This paper introduces the familiar symptom of calcium deficiency on apple tree, and its influencing factors, and the calcium treatment, in order to provide advices for supper quality and efficient production.

  Research Advances of China Vegetable Soybean Bai Qiongyan, Yang Enshu, Feng Guizhen, Zhang Lianping, Xu Shulian,Gao Yinzhi, Zhong Lianquan 2006, 22 (8):  377-377.  Abstract + ( 1690 )   Vegetable soybean usually refers to satiated and green-legumen edible bean from R6 to R7. Its developing history in our country and the cultivar selecting standards are briefly discussed, while the cultivar resource of vegetable soybean, the genetic and breeding research on vegetable soybean, the planting technology research and the seed processing and storing technology research on vegetable soybean in recent years are summarized.

  Study on Moss of Potted Flower in Greenhouse Ma Yanzhi, Wang Xiangdong, Cao hong, Tian Limin, Chen chao 2006, 22 (8):  381-381.  Abstract + ( 1691 )   The form and structure, the resource, the affect factor and the eliminator of the moss were studied with Sphagnum which was the culture aggregate of butterfly?orchid in greenhouse. The results were showed as follows: (1) The main compositions of the moss were Oscillatoria of the Cyanophyta and Chlamydomonas of the Rhodophyta. (2) Both the culture aggregate-Sphagnum and water were the resource of the moss, and the former was the main. (3) Sphagnum that was covered with moss was treated with shading. Contend of Chlorophyll of the moss reduced gradually as the time lasted. In the first 5 days, reducing speed of contend of Chlorophyll was the fastest. From the 6th day to the 30th day, the reducing speed was slow-quick-slow. (4) The growth of moss was affected by pH. The moss could grow between pH 2.0 and pH 10.0. The chlorophyll content was the highest at pH 3.0, the second was at pH 8.0. It was the lowest at pH 2.0. (5) The moss was restrained with different concentration of KMnO4. The chlorophyll content was the lowest at treatment of 0.2mg/L, but it was still lower than the CK. The inhibition effect was the best at 0.1mg/L.

  Effects of N-P-K on the Yield and Qualities of Tomato Sweet Pepper Zhang Shenglin, Wang Guowei, Dong Shaohui 2006, 22 (8):  385-385.  Abstract + ( 1342 )   Trinomial one time regression orthogonal design was used to fertilize the tomato sweet pepper with N, P and K according to prescription and study its effect on yield and quality. The results showed that the effect on yield was N>P>K, and they interact each other. The polynomial regression equation, obtained as follow ＝37.71＋8.14 X1＋4.61 X2＋2.06 X3＋1.6 X1X2±13.80, accords with the real values. The sugar, ascorbic acid content will increase when much N was fertilized, as well as P and K. The reducing sugar, sucrose, and Vc content of tomato sweet pepper were highest and reach 4.8%, 0.47%, and 175.39mg/100g when 20.9kg K, 5.7kg P2O5, 25.1 kg K2O (treatment 1) were fertilized in 666.7m2, respectively. The total sugar and Vc will decrease when higher P and K were fertilized at lower N. It was not obvious for the total sugar and Vc enhancement when P and K were increased at low N. The reasonable fertilizing according to prescription of N, P and K will increase the yield and quality of tomato sweet pepper.

  Access and Identification of Intergeneric Hybrid Between Brassica junce×B.pekinesis Wang Dan, Wang Wenhe, Xu Shufa, Luo Jianxia, Chai Cijiang, Liang Fahui 2006, 22 (8):  389-389.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   The research studies the plant of rape genus, Brassica junce and B. pekinesis. By removed ovary culture after positive and negative hybridization, produced interspecific hybridization, and have improved the hybrid seed through removed ovary culture and induced to shoot by culture medium MS, and produced hybrid F1, the plant of Brassica junce×B.pekinesis, the advantage characteristic of hybrid plant is similar to female nature；By cytology authenticating, chromosome number of F1 young flower bud cell (2n=28), it is the sum of monoploid chromosome number of female parent Brassica junce(2n=36) and male parent B.pekinesis(2n=20); The hybridization to Brassica junce×B.pekinesis, and embryonic bud come from removed ovary culture, and it found another form of plant embryo saving.

  Study on Influence of Soil Humidity to Injury of Acetochlor Huang Chunyan, Chen Tiebao, Wang Yu, Huang Yuanju, Cong Lin, Piao Dewan 2006, 22 (8):  393-393.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   The Acetanilides herbicide acetochlor has been applied extensively in soybean field. There is mostly dry and with low temperature in the spring in Heilongjiang province, and it makes the efficacy of acetochlor can't develop steadily, but usually appears injury to soybean seedling in some low-lying and damp regions. To grope for the influence of climate condition to acetochlor efficacy and injury, the influence of soil humidity to injury of acetochlor were studied by the plot experiment in May to September of 2003-2004. The results showed that the humidity influence obviously the injury of acetochlor. The injury of acetochlor in the higher humidity was the most serious, the injury of meddle humidity was slightest and the injury of dry treatment was at inter-between. The injury of acetochlor influenced evidently the growth of soybean. The soybean growth was descended obviously with the injury aggravated. The acetochlor injury to soybean is more severe, the influence to soybean growth is more graveness. The representation was some criterions decline, which was the plant height, the plant fresh weight, the root fresh weight, hundred grains weight and the soybean yield, the root became shorter, the effective bean-pod and grains number was decreased.

  Progress in Research on Inhibitors of Insect Amylase Wang Lin 2006, 22 (8):  397-397.  Abstract + ( 1264 )   Recently, inhibitors of insect amylase have become one of the new research hotspots and a lot of conspicuous achievements have been received in this area. The latest progress in insect amylase inhibitors research is summarized firstly. Then, a comprehensive review is made on the categories, purification, activity determination, physicochemical characteristics, inhibitory specificities and the structure-function relationship of insect amylase inhibitors in the paper. The application prospect of the inhibitors is discussed in the end.

  Recent Advances of Studies on Molecular identification of Plant Root-knot Nematodes Wei Xuejun,, Yang Wenxiang,, Liu Daqun,, Zhang Ting, 2006, 22 (8):  401-401.  Abstract + ( 1767 )   This paper summarizes the current application situation of molecule technology to identify plant root-knot nematode such as RFLP, RAPD and SCAR, rDNA-ITS-PCR, AFLP. Molecule technology is used to check the DNA difference among interspecies and intraspecies of plant root-knot nematodes in many researches. It provide the fast and exact means to identify plant root-knot nematode.

  Experiment on Weed Control Effect of 28 % Acetochlor +Metribuzin to Soybean Fields Chen Yong, Zhang Hongjun, Huang Meilian, Lin Youhao 2006, 22 (8):  405-405.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   The field plot trial on effect of the mixture of acetochlor and metribuzin on weeds control in soybean field were conducted at Zhangzhun during 2003 for weed control in soybean field were evaluated. The results showed that: Using the mixture at the dosage of 1049.95(g·ai)/hm2,the control effect was more than 88.52 % , and no phytotoxicity was observed to soyabean. By one time treatment, the control effect can persist in the whole growth season of soybean.

  Research Progress in Mushroom Virus Li Yanpeng, Ling Zhenpu, Zhang Xiaoxia, Qiu Liyou 2006, 22 (8):  408-408.  Abstract + ( 1682 )   The different shape mushroom viruses are part of mycoviruses and most of them possess undivided dsRNA genomes, but some of them possess the positive single-strand genomes. The undivided dsRNA genomes composed of a coat protein (CP) gene and an RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene are the best feature of genomes of mushroom viruses. Mushroom viruses have been sequenced and the structure and function of their genomes have been analyzed. DsRNA technique and the method of enzymology make the study of the mushroom viruses easy to reach to molecular level. Especially dsRNA technique applied to the Pleurotus ostreatus. Mushroom viruses have special replicative form, which have two phases, and the theory of a cellular self-replicating mRNA as their origin of them is attractive because of their obvious ancient origin. These contents were reviewed in this paper. We expatiate on the further research progress in the relationship between mushroom viruses and their hosts. It is important to research further the mushroom viruses and to screen the free viruses strain.

  Bottom-up Effect of the Tritrophic System Interactions Among Host Plants, Phytophagous Insects and Natural Enemies Wu Houzhang, Zhang Chao , Li Zhengshan, Zhou Chunxiao, Zou Yunding 2006, 22 (8):  414-414.  Abstract + ( 1980 )   The importance of the role of tritrophic interactions among host plants, phytophagous insects and natural enemies, herbivore numbers regulated by their natural enemies (top-down forces), and host plant physiological and chemical characteristics influencing directly or indirectly on population abundance and distribution of herbivores and their natural enemies (bottom-up forces) have been an active theme in ecology. Bottom-up control from host plant resources may be more common as a factor of regulating herbivore insects than top-down control from natural enemies in a variety of different terrestrial systems. Variation in host plant quality, such as basic nutrient substances, induced secondary metabolism substances and morphological characters, impacts on the physiology and behaviour of herbivore insects, which, in turn, determines their life-history parameters such as fecundity, longevity and survival, all directly relevant to their population dynamics; influences on the performance and fitness of their natural enemies in cascading up, resulting in indirectly suppressing the abundance of herbivore insects.

  The Research Advance on Strawberry Root Rot Zhao Xiujuan, Wang Shutong, Zhang Fengqiao, Du Hongzhong, Jiang Jizhi 2006, 22 (8):  419-419.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   Strawberry root rot is one of the most important root diseases on strawberry, especially in continuous cropping fields. The whole strawberry garden could be destroyed if the root rot is serious. The current situation of this disease is rising every year. It has become one of the main obstacles of strawberry production. Strawberry root rot was very hard to control because more than 20 kinds of pathogens were reported as causing agents. The following aspects were included in the paper: characteristics, the happening and the damage, pathogens, symptoms and control methods. The control measures in use including chemical, physical, agricultural and biological methods were introduced separately. Preview on ecological aspects for the disease control was given at the end of this article.

  Review on Research Progress on the Control of Apple Diseases and Insect Pests by Bagging Wang Jiangyong, Wang Shaomin, Gao Huajun 2006, 22 (8):  423-423.  Abstract + ( 1413 )   Apple fruit bagging is one of the most important practices in producing high quality fruits. However, the exceptional environment inside the fruit bag often induces some fruit diseases and insect pests, such as Apple black-dot, apple rough skin, apple bitter pit, Pseudococcus comstocki (Ku wa na) and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. Recent research advances of the familiar fruit diseases and insect pests (listed above) after bagging were summarized in this paper, with special reference to their occurrence in the orchard and how to control. It can be concluded that a comprehensive control system based on the characteristics of each disease with the aid of a reasonable computer predicting system should be built.

  Inhibition of Disinfector against Phytophthora nicotianae Li Meiyun, Liu Yong, Gao Jiahe, Fan Zhongmei, Li Yongping, Shao Yan 2006, 22 (8):  427-427.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   In the course of the floating seeding, an advanced seedling techniques, the strict disinfection of the float trays, plastic, clipping appliance and operation is the key link for breeding anosis and strong seedling. To use disinfector more rationally to tobacco production, 10 active disinfector was studied of their inhibition against Phytophthora nicotianae. The results indicated that great majority disinfector can inhibit the growth of Phytophthora nicotianae, including copper sulfate, American disinfector, 0.6%“Jun Du Jing”, 7% available chlorine sodium hypochlorite, 24%“Du Xiao”, 40%“Yu Bao”, 10% chlorine dioxide, sodium phosphate，however Potassium permanganate, 30% available chlorine bleaching powder had no inhibition on the growth of Phytophthora nicotianae hyphae and sporangium.

  Sustainable Control of Diseases and Insect Pests in Pomegranate Orchard Chen Li, Tan Genjia,, Jiang Junqi 2006, 22 (8):  431-431.  Abstract + ( 1431 )   Systematic investigation on species, distribution and damage of diseases and insect pests in pomegranate orchard in Huaiyuan county Anhui province were carried out. Epidemic rule of principal diseases, including Zythia versoniana, Pseudocercospora punicae, Fusarium solani, Melioda sp., and occurance of dominant insect pests, including Dichocrocis punctiferalis, Carposina niponensis, Cnidocampa flavescens, Parallelia stuposa, Herdonia osacesalis, Zeuzera coffeae, Aphis gossypii, Ceroplastes japonicus were studied. Based on above, a technique system of sustainable control to diseases and insect pests in pomegranate orchard was constituted, which was at the basis of plant quarantine and biology safety, nuclear to ecological regulation, and key to environmentally sound chemical control. The results might provide technique support for high and stable product, superior quality and no-harm of pomegranate.

  Preparation of Serial Paraffin Slices of Mythimna separata Walker: Preliminary Research on the Fixing Methods of the Whole Larval Body of Oriental Armyworm Wang Haizhou, Wang Xiaoqi, Lv Fang, Cui Lei, Wang Lu 2006, 22 (8):  435-435.  Abstract + ( 1636 )   9 kinds of fixation fluids were firstly selected from the 18 kinds which were commonly used in biological section-making in zoology in the paper, which are comparatively suitable for the larvae of Lepidoptera. Then through further tests, it was found that: Liquid amount of 30 times to the larvae’s volume was the least consumption of the fixation fluids. 35℃ was the most suitable fixing temperature. The larvae in the fifth age were the best fixing ones. It was the regular best fixing period within 20 minutes after the larva casted off a skin in the fourth age.

  Ecosystem Health Evaluation Methodologies and Application Research on Regional Dimension Wang Wei, Chen Weifeng 2006, 22 (8):  440-440.  Abstract + ( 1513 )   Based on regional scale, ecology vigor, organization and resilience, which are the three important aspects in ecosystem framework, were used as three vital standards to assess ecosystem health state in the paper. Using the experience of medical theories for reference, 21 evaluation indicators in the factor layer on the basis of the expert were selected to judge the ecosystem health state. Weight was determined in coefficient of variability method. The indicators were measured according to the range method, then the integrated assessment model was established. Take Kenli County for example, trend of the ecological system health was judged from the lengthways time. The evaluation results indicated that the evaluation score of ecosystem health got from 0.3664 to 0.7951 slowly during 1996 and 2003. The ecosystem health state in 2003 was inferior healthy. It indicated that the natural ecological environment, society and economic development were becoming more and more harmonious in a mass, although some indicators were deteriorated.

  An Assessment to Ecological Sustainable Development of West regional City ——Take the Neijiang City as An Example Yuan Tianfeng, , Liu Meiju, Xie Deti, Qiu Daochi, Huang Dan 2006, 22 (8):  445-445.  Abstract + ( 1306 )   Based on the concept of system science and harmonizing development, the REES indices system and integrative assessment model was built up for the Neijiang city, and an assessment of ecological sustainable development level was delivered, after integrative assessment values of five level systems of Neijiang was calculated from 1990，1995 to 2004. Conclusions was drawn as follow: ① Neijiang city has been in the stage of weak sustainable development in the nearest 15a from 1990 to 2004; And the development of the city is of insufficiency in all when development connects with ecology; But from 2000 to 2004, society and economic system of the city had been put into fast developing stage, which betrays the response to West Development. ② The system of methods above, while being applied to assessment of regional ecological sustainable development level, possesses hiberarchy clear, visual and intuitionistic characteristics, and accords with fact; Selecting and using criterion values of indices, as well as comparing with time-sequence data in assessment, has the merit of organically linking space with time.

  Present Ecological Condition and Restoration of City Waterfront Zhang Dandan, Zhou Qing, 2006, 22 (8):  449-449.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   The city waterfront is an important constituent of the green ecology of many cities. It not only provides the water source, the green space, improving environment, but also has multitudinous ecological function, such as opening traveling entertainment, the transportation, the cultural education and so on .So it has the important ecological, economical and social value to the development of the city. But with the rapid development of the society and urbanized advancement，the eyeless and unscientific constructs to the city waterfront made by human has initiated a series of serious problems relating to the ecological destruction of the waterfront. With more and more attention paid to the environment nowadays, people attach importance to the problems gradually. This article analyzes the present ecological condition of the waterfront on the unreasonable landscape plan, more pollution making and biodiversity reduction. Proposed in this foundation, some approaches to restore the zoology was given out according to the ecological. principles Such as repairing by plants, reconstructing food chain of the system, reconstructing cushion belt, implementing ecological shore protection.and so on.

  The Influence of Virescence Plants on Cycle of Water Du Hui, Wei Bing, Yang Jun 2006, 22 (8):  453-453.  Abstract + ( 1387 )   Protecting water or consuming water is an unsure issue on virescence plant. To study the influence of plants in the cycle of water，especially for Beijing ,which is lack of water seriously and expand the green plant to beautify the city and get ready for the Olympic Games in 2008. By inquiring data about the water resource, precipitation and transpiration of Beijing in recent years, while analyzing them, found that there were some improvement for the humidity of the air and the water source was protected in some extent. But the overall water source is decreasing, which should be attached importance to.

  Study of Zn Stress on Plant Growth, Zn uptake and Root Exudates in Different Cultivars of Chinese Cabbage Xu Weihong , Liu Jizhen, Huang He, Xiong Zhiting 2006, 22 (8):  458-458.  Abstract + ( 1576 )   Solution experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of Zn stress on plant growth, Zn uptake among six cultivars of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis (Lour) Olsson), and characteristic of root exudates of two different Zn accumulation Chinese cabbage cultivars. The results showed that Zn stress significantly inhibited the plant growth of Chinese cabbage. 0.5< root toleration index (RTI)<1.0. Shoot dry weights and RTI obviously decreased with increasing Zn levels. Zn concentrations in shoot and root increased as Zn levels increased. Plants accumulated more Zn in shoot. Zn concentrations in shoot and root were evidently higher in Fengyuan 1 than in other cultivars, the maximums of Zn concentrations in Fengyuan 1’s shoot and root were all recorded at 40 mg/L by 251.1, 273.6 mg/kg DW, respectively. The minimums of Zn concentrations in shoot and root were found in Fengkuang 80. Along with the increase of Zn levels, solution pH was decreased first, and then enhanced. Oxalic acid, tartaric acid and malic acid (low-molecular-weight organic acids) were detected in root exudates of Chinese cabbage (monocotyledon plant). Dominant amino acids of root exudates of ryegrass were serine, isoleucine, valine, lysine (C≥1.0μg/10 g dry soil). Root exudates (low-molecular-weight organic acids and amino acids) were inhibited by Zn stress. Whether under Zn treatment or no, the low-molecular-weight organic acids and amino acids of enriched Zn cultivar Fengyuan 1 were higher than that of Gongguan 2. The different quantities and species of root exudates, especially the different quantities and species of the low-molecular-weight organic acids seemed to play an important role in differences of Zn uptake in two cultivars of Chinese cabbage.

  Establishment of the Evaluation System for Exploitation Value of the Wild Resources of Ornamental Plants and Evaluation of the Resources in Wuchuan area of Inner Mongolia Wu Xuxia, You Jie, Lin Qimei 2006, 22 (8):  464-464.  Abstract + ( 1741 )   In order to excavate the wild resources of ornamental plants sufficiently, 15 appraisal indexes were determined and an evaluation model was established, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), for the wild resources of ornamental plants based on the characteristics of the wild resources. The wild ornamental plants in Wuchuan area of Inner Mongolia were evaluated using the appraisal system. The results showed that the exploitation value of some wild ornamental plants was the highest such as C.mongolica Bunge、T.serpyllum L. etc.; some of the exploitation value was higher such as L.vulgaris Mill.subsp.sinensis(Bebeaux) Hong, E. bungei(Kitag.) Kitag. etc and the exploitation value of the others was very low such as G.multiflora Bunge、A.ptarmicoides Marxim.etc. This method system is proved to be satisfied in flexibility and accuracy and it was a scientific foundation for exploiting and utilizing the wild resources of ornamental plants rationally.

  Study on the Change and Driving Forces of Cultivated land in Urbanization Process ——A Case of the Plan District of Langfang Zhen Xiaolin, Xu Hao, Men Mingxin, Li Yingchun 2006, 22 (8):  470-470.  Abstract + ( 1593 )   The paper takes the Plan District of Langfang for a study area. By using the software of MAPGIS， the author superposes the land use map in order to get the land-use change matrix during 1996—2002 and mainly analyzes the change of the cultivated land and the industrial-mining land in the Plan District of Langfang. With the Spass statistical software，the author analyzes the social driving forces for changing cultivated land with the data from the annual economy, and meanwhile tries to use the models to explain the cities radiation of Beijing and Tianjin. The main conclusions include: The land use changes are obvious reduction of cultivated land and the increase of industrial-mining land. The primary source of increase of the industrial-mining land is the cultivated land. The great social driving forces for changing cultivated land are non-agricultural economy，the radiation of cities and the population factor. By using the models in the paper，the calculating results of the modulus of Beijing and Tianjin are 12.6 and 7.9. That result is based on the relativity between the cultivated land and the radiation of cities. It shows that the radiation of cities of Beijing and Tianjin has effect on the cultivated land in the Plan District of Langfang. Beijing has a deeper effect to the cultivated land in the Plan District of Langfang than Tianjin.

  The Effect of Reclamation on Mud Flat Development in Chongming Island, Shanghai Gao Yu，Zhao Bin 2006, 22 (8):  475-475.  Abstract + ( 2151 )   Due to the deposition of silts at the Yangtze River estuary, the eastern beach of Chongming Island in Shanghai continues to expand. Several large-scale reclamations have taken place on the Chongming Island in the last 50 years. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between reclamation size and mud flat development size during different period of time. It was achieved by a combination of field surveys and the use of Landsat TM and ETM remote sensing satellite data of the past 20 years as the key data source. The result showed that the size of mud flat wetland decreased rapidly: from 19705.09 hm2 in 1987 to 4773.08hm2 in 2002, a 75.78% drop in 15 years. In addition, the annual reduction rate of the mud flat wetland size was 995.47 hm2/a, which was 36.54% more than the annual reclamation rate, 729.08hm2/a. The decrease in the width of beach, the destruction of natural vegetation and the decreasing of silt deposition rate are three negative effect of excessive reclamation. The destruction of beach vegetation will be more aggravated with further mud flat reclamation, the rise of sea level and a drop of silts. Biological succession at the mudflat wetland occurs as the eastern beach of Chongming extends further each year. Therefore, it is important to use " 3S technology " to investigate and monitor the mechanism behind the formation and development of wetland. The same technology should also be used in managing controlled reclamation and the plan in land use. Moreover, the effect of reclamation on the local economy, ecology and environment can be evaluated correctly by a dynamic management plan.

  Analysis and Evaluation of International Winter Wheat Observation Nursery Lu Qinglin, , Zhou Jie, , Du Jiuyuan, , Zhou Gang, , You Yuqing 2006, 22 (8):  480-480.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   17 sets trail 2091 entries material of International Winter Wheat Program （IWWIP）were introduced by our institute from 1997 to 2004, include winter wheat observation nursery for irrigated areas, winter wheat observation nursery for semi-arid areas, facultative and winter wheat observation nursery. The result shows that there are many material of high resistance to stripe rust, high yield, fight a drought and high quality in International Observation Nursery. Majority are high height, late heading, and small spike. They were not used in production. They may be used as resources. Good material that their synthesis characters are good, and may be used as stress. Those materials which are outstanding on some sides should be used by their trait.

  Studies on Maize Germplasm Base Division of Heterosis Groups and Utilizing Models of Heterosis in Hebei Province Zhou Yuzhi, Zhang Zhigang, Zhou Jinbao, Cui Yanhong 2006, 22 (8):  485-485.  Abstract + ( 1616 )   The main maize germplasm in Hebei Province were analyzed. The result indicated that the proportion of improved Reid germplasm tended to increase from 1980 to 1998 and decrease after 1999. Lancaster germplasm tended to decrease from 1980 to 1988 and begin to increase after 1999. The proportion change of Tongsipingtou germplasm submitted to be wave upon wave and it got to peak value in 1990s then went down. The proportion of Ludahonggu was the lowest all along. Maize germplasm in Hebei Province were divided into 5 maize heterosis groups and 8 sub groups, such as improved Reid group, Lancaster group, Tongsipingtou group, Ludahonggu group and other group. Heterosis utilized models include 12 dominate ones and 18 subdominates.

  A Study on Origin, Evolution and Spread of Brassica in China Wang Jianlin, He Yan, Luan Yunfang, Dacizhuoga, Zhang Yunqin 2006, 22 (8):  489-489.  Abstract + ( 1521 )   There are about forty species of Brassica in the world, of which fifteen are distributed in China. The origin, evolution and spread of Brassica plants are discussed, and the point of view of author regarding some important problems about the systematics of Brassica in China has been put forward. The result shows: （1）The evolution of Brassica : An evolutionary line of form of Brassica in China is proposed based on compartment between Brassica and Capparaceae, and they are Sect.Pekinensis sect. Juncea and Sect.Oleracea. The earliest plant of Sect.Pekinensisis is B.parachinensis, but the earliest plant of Sect.Juncea is B.integrifolia(west)O E.Schulz. During the evolution of Brassica in China, the changes of leaves, petals, seeds polleu morphology, type of aperture, sculpture of exine are obvious, which are important in the evolution of Brassica. （2）The distribution of species: The Brassica are widely distributed throughout the Huanghe River Corridor and Changjiang River Corridor and Western Mountain Region of China. But the almost species of Brassica in China are distributed in Qinghai-xizang Plateau and its’ around Region. The result of study show that Western Region of China is variety centre of Brassica in China, it might be concluded that China is one of the original centres for Brassica, and Chinese Brassica did not come from the Mediterranean. （3）The origin and spread : The analysis of distribution pattern of species shows that the region is probably the place of origin of the genus. About four migration routes lead to the present distribution pattern.（a）From Tibet, Southern River Valley and Hengduan Mountain Northeast across the Qilian Mountain to west of the Huanghe Corridor and Tianshan Mountain;（b）From Tibet, Southern River Valley and Hengduan Mountain Northeast across Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei, to Northeast part of China;（c）From Tibet ,Southern River Valley and Hengduan Mountain southeast across Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, along the Changjiang River to Guangdong, Taiwan provinces;（d）From Tibet, Southern River Valley and Hengduan Mountain Western to the Himalayas Region.

  Causes for Degradation of Grassland Resources and Measures for Recovering of Grassland Ecosystem in Gansu Province Wang Yuemei, Zhang Jinlin, Si Zongxin 2006, 22 (8):  495-495.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   In this paper, the degradation condition of grassland resources in Gansu province, China, was put forward. The causes for degradation of grassland resources were analyzed, including artificial destroy, heaven burden, numerous mice and insect pests, decrease of species in grassland community, decline of productivity of grassland ecosystem, absurd mine exploitation and poor management. Measures for protection, management and recovering of grassland resources were pointed out in Gansu province, including education and laws, scientifically programming and guiding, building artificial grasslands, limiting browsing, improving grasslands effectively, protecting grassland resources according to the progress of science and technology, and artificial rainfall. This will be helpful to recovering and rebuilding of grassland ecosystem in Gansu province and Northwest China.

  Toxicity of insecticides to larvae of Plutella xylostella collected from different cruciferous vegetable types and influence of abameetin on their population dynamic Cai Huijuan 2006, 22 (8):  499-499.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   Based on the bioassay and field investigation, toxicity of dichlovos, beta-cypermethrin and abameetin to larvae of Plutella xylostella collected from different cruciferous vegetable types were tested, and the influence of abameetin on their population dynamic were also carried out. It shows different insecticides exhibited different toxicity to P. xylostella larvae collected from different hosts. Compared with 2003，dichlovos didn’t show significant discrimination to P. xylostella larvae collected from B. oleracea in 2004，while showed a significant higher toxicity in 2005 than in 2003. Only in 2005, P. xylostella from B. oleracea showed more susceptible to dichlovos than from B. chinensis. Beta-cypermethrin showed no significant difference in susceptibility to P. xylostella larvae collected from B. oleracea among three years, but showed higher toxicity to larvae from B. chinensis in 2005 than those in 2003. Abameetin caused significantly higher LC50 to larvae form B. oleracea in 2003 than those in 2005 while there was no difference between 2003 and 2004. In three years investigated, abameetin didn’t lead to the LC50 difference between larvae from two hosts. Population dynamic in two host fields were similar with lower larvae amount in B. chinensis. Fields treated with abameetin for 1 time could attribute to about half lower peak of P. xylostella larvae than control field. There were no significant peak in the fields treated with with abameetin for 2 time.

  Study on the Environmental Pollution and Protection of Sand River Reservoir Gao Yang, , Zhang Jinzhong, , Zhou Xiaofei, Ke Zhenzhen 2006, 22 (8):  503-503.  Abstract + ( 1302 )   In this paper, the water quality status of Sand River Reservoir was monitored. The results were shown that the water quality of the reservoir reached the secondary water quality standard as a whole, but the total phosphorus exceeded this standard and appeared rising trend. It was found that the loss of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production and the discharge of household garbage were the main factors that influenced the water quality in pollution sources investigation. The countermeasures of water environmental protection to realize economic development with environmental protection in harmony were also put forward

  The Species Diversity and Characteristic of Ecological distribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Northern Tibetan Plateau Peng Yunlin, Cai Xiaobu, Qian Cheng, Xue Huiying, Zhang Yongqing 2006, 22 (8):  507-507.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   The study on the diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in northern Tibetan plateau plant showed: the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of plants in Tibet altiplano pasture distribute widely, 4 genera arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was isolated totally. Among them, the Glomus is the widest distribution and dominant genera; the Acaulospora is the second wide distribution, while the Paraglomus and Scutellospora are the common generas. In different grassland type, the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alpine grassland is more than it is in alpine meadow. The paraglomus mainly distributed in alpine meadow pasture but the scutellospora has no distribution in this area and the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi coincide with the position of host plant in northern Tibetan plateau. Altitude not only negatively correlated with spore density (r = –0.478), but also significantly effected the ecological distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Within different soil PH range, the species frequency of Glomus significantly increased with soil PH increasing, and the species frequency of Scutellospora have neutral> alkaline tendency, Paraglomus only distributed in neutral soil environment, the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in low phosphate soil environment lower than which in high phosphate soil environment.

  Ecological Effects of Paraquat Contamination on Soil Microflora Deng Xiao, Li Qinfen, Chen Zhao, Chen Miao, Zhang Xue 2006, 22 (8):  511-511.  Abstract + ( 1608 )   The effects of paraquat on the population amount of soil microflora and their activity in soil at three different densities were studied in this experiment. The results indicated that paraquat had a significant effect on soil microflora in thirty days. Paraquat of 0.05~5mg/kg inhibited the growth of funguses, but stimulated the growth of the population of cellulose utilizing microorganism and nitrifying bacteria. The low-density paraquat stimulated the growth of bacteria and actinomyces, but high-density paraquat inhibited their growth. The results also showed that soil nitrification and soil cellulose decomposition was stimulated. And the effect of stimulating or inhibiting had recovered normal level with prolonging of time of adding pesticide.

  The Study on the Pathogenesis and Control of Banana Vascular Wilt Li Yongjian, Yu Li 2006, 22 (8):  515-515.  Abstract + ( 1694 )   This article expatiates on the advances of banana vascular wilt in many facets, such as pathogen、pathogenesis and disease-resistance mechanism of banana. The studies show that Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense race 4 makes the biggest influence to the production of banana in our country; pectase and toxin are the major virulence in coursing the banana vascular wilt. Furthermore, there are some small molecular elements that take part in the pathogenesis, but all these are still for further study to confirm. Except for the contents talking above, this article also expatiates on the control status of banana vascular wilt.

  The Status and Countermeasures of Fertilization on Farmland in Qionghai City of Hainan Province Lv Liewu, Wu Qiongze, Huang Shunjian 2006, 22 (8):  520-520.  Abstract + ( 1165 )   137 soil samples of paddy soil which include 92 soil samples of reverse-season vegetable planting-land and 45 soil samples of other cropland were sampled after investigated tilth fertility and fertilization status of Qionghai city in 2004. The influences of nutrients in the soil and fertilization were researched, and four countermeasures were suggested ad: ① organic fertilizer should be used, and tilth fertility should be cultivated, so the high quality and high yield of produce can be realized. ② the fertilizer of N, P, K should be balanceablely applied. ③ the mid-element and microelement should be balanceablely fertilized. ④ the quality of fertilizer should be supervised so that farmers can fertilized eligible fertilizer

  Research on the Construction of the Agricultural Information System in Hubei Yu Qiuhua, He Liyuan 2006, 22 (8):  523-523.  Abstract + ( 1326 )   Based on the brief review of the background of the construction of the agricultural information system in China, four necessities and five advantages of the construction of the agricultural information system in Hubei are analyzed especially, and current situations about three big problems are discussed deeply. According to the characters and experiences of the Occident’s advanced construction of the agricultural information system, and considering the basic status of the construction of information system in Hubei and the need of information for most farmers at present, five policies measures of the development of the agricultural information system in Hubei are put forward, for promoting the construction and development of the agricultural information system in Hubei effectively.

  Evaluation and Analysis on Wheat Fertility Technical Efficiency in HeBei Province Shao Hongling, Zong Yixiang, Zhao Banghong 2006, 22 (8):  528-528.  Abstract + ( 1109 )   Wheat, Fertility technique, Technical efficiency, DEA

  The Study on Estimation Models of Dry Basis Moisture Content and Leaf Dry Matter to Leaf Area Based on Color Feature of Crop Leaves under Different Nitrogen Levels Cai Hongchang,, Cui Haixin, Gao Lihong, Song Weitang 2006, 22 (8):  532-532.  Abstract + ( 1416 )   Based on cultivation experiment with the different nitrogenous nutrition level, by the method of linear stepwise multiple regression, constructed prediction models of dry basis moisture content and leaf dry matter to leaf area of cucumber leaves using color feature parameters. The results of statistic analysis showed that there were some relationships between color feature parameters [ such as S、G/(R+G+B)、B/(R+G+B)、G/R、G/B、G-R and H/S] and leaf dry basis moisture content, and between color feature parameters [ such as S、G/(R+G+B)、B/(R+G+B)、G/R、G/B、G-R、H/S and H/I] and leaf dry matter to leaf area. G/(R+G+B) and G-R are the best parameter of estimating cucumber leaf dry basis moisture content, and H/I and G/(R+G+B) are the best parameters of estimating cucumber leaf dry matter to leaf area.

  Application Software in Agriculture and the Questions on its Development Innovation Feng Jia Gen, Gao Hui, Dai Qigen, Zhang Hongcheng 2006, 22 (8):  536-536.  Abstract + ( 1350 )   Aimed at the questions such as the inactive atmosphere of learning, developing and using agricultural application soft, the shortage quantities, lower qualities, lack innovation, upgrading and maintaining it without meeting with consumer, the shortage consciousness of knowledge rights of developer, the countermeasures and measures in practice were presented in the paper in order to quicken its developing theory and method innovation, to strengthen integration development of nS technologies including RS, GIS,GPS and ES, to realize integration innovation of its flat and to quicken culturing its innovation potentials and so on.

  Modification of Land Use Database in Beijing City Supported by 3S Technique Chen Yinghui，Zhang Wei 2006, 22 (8):  540-540.  Abstract + ( 1507 )   In order to keep current character of the land use datum, the land use information of Beijing city is modified after the foundation of database every year. Based on the accurate localization function of GPS and good function and background data of GIS, the database of the land use in Beijing was modified using SPOT-5 remote sensing image as the data source. This method showed off the advantage of the aviation remote sensing technology. Supported by the locating the detected change areas of GPS and the land use database, land resource dynamic monitoring and the land use database upgrading were finished using GIS integrated data in Beijing.

  Soil Fertilizer Recommendation and Decision Management system in Tomato Land Based on Delphi Hao Yanyan, Lv Xin 2006, 22 (8):  544-544.  Abstract + ( 1275 )   Taking the 143rd regiment of the 8th Agricultural Division as an example in Xinjiang, the soil nutrients management in tomato field & recommended fertilizing information system is found. The system is based on the theory of crop equilibrium fertilization, database technology and Delphi technology. According to the characters of regional soil fertilization, different kinds of soil and tomato, considering field as a handling unit, we set up the system which functions are soil nutrient management, professional fertilizing instruction, SQL informational query and far-ranging data management of soil fertilization.

  Geographical Information Grid and Its Application in Digital Agriculture Zhao Jun,, Xu Yanyan 2006, 22 (8):  549-549.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   Grid technology is a concise and expeditious solution to the massive data management and information sharing based on Network environment. Geographical information grid is the use of grid technology in geospatial technology field. As the basement of agricultural information grid, it's the efficient way to realize agricultural information service and information sharing. The extensive application of geographical information grid in Digital agriculture will bring about profound influence in agricultural information system's programming and function and management, enhance the sharing and application efficiency of agricultural information and improve the development of Digital agriculture.

  Brief Statistical Analysis of Authors of Natural Science Papers in China Yang Zhiqing 2006, 22 (8):  552-552.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   According to general practice in international literature metrology research, the paper is classified based on region and work unit of the first author. Through the statistic analysis of the authors of the natural science papers in China in 2004, people can know the status quo and equipment condition of scientific research group in China. The contents of this study included their subject distribution, organization distribution, region distribution and authors distribution of high yield and deep influence. The results showed that the author’s subject distribution was not well-proportioned, and the high yield authors. The authors of international papers especially, went into studying chiefly on chemistry, physics and math. The region distribution is asymmetric, 4/5 of the high yield authors were in colleges or universities. The proportion of authors in northwest area, which included 13 provinces, was lower than 20%, whatever international or national papers.

  The Application of the Grey Correlative Degree Analysis on the Introduction of Rice Varieties Wang Xiuping, Zhang Guoxin, Lu Xuelin 2006, 22 (8):  557-557.  Abstract + ( 1659 )   Eleven new rice varieties were wholly evaluated By using the Grey Correlative Degree Analysis in 2005 in Rice Research Institute of Hebei province. They were analyzed in terms of 10 varying characters including yields, growth period, plant height. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that You 2 and You 1 ranked first, and its comprehensive characters were best, they have many advantages: good growth period, bigger ear, higher yields, resistance disease. The worst one was 412, and the Correlative Degree was lowest. It point out that the appraisal consequence was fundamentally in conformity with the practical performance of the varieties

  The Updating Investigation of Land use Information at County Level Based on “3S” Technology Han Chunjian , Wu Kening , Feng Xinwei, Lv Qiaoling, Fu Qiaoling 2006, 22 (8):  560-560.  Abstract + ( 1516 )   To keep land use information, the method of land use changing based“3S”technology was discussed in the paper. First, the remote sensing image was dealt with and classified. Then the land use map was overlapped on DOM and classified image to find the changed information. The information change was investigated on the spot, then it was imported to GIS and the land use information was updated finally. Using “3S”technology to update land use is possible. The key questions were discussed and the conclusion was drawn as: land use updating is a systemic project, surveying and precision of image and estimation is important.

  Study on Soil Wind Erosion of Different Underlying in Ecotone Between Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Bashang of Hebei Wang Yunchao, Zhang Lifeng, Hou Dashan, Gao Yunqing 2006, 22 (8):  565-565.  Abstract + ( 1898 )   Aimed at the different underlying surfaces in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in bashing of Hebei province, the wind erosion situation is observed in field by “trap entrapped” method. The results showed that the erosion is remarkably different in different underlying surfaces. In bottomland, the erosion of stubble land of naked oats is 9.1% less than CK(plough land), while the erosion of stubble land of corn and no-tillage of vegetable is 123.71% and 229.07% more than CK. In girder land, the wind erosion of the stubble land of naked oats, grassland and woodland is separately 14.76%, 68.67% and 82.23% more than CK (plough land). The wind erosion of stubble land of naked oats is not marked with the plough land in both bottomland and girder land, the degree of roughness and bestrow are important factors to the soil erosion.

  Discrepancy of the Mountain Flood Disaster in the Different Regions in China ——A case study between Hunan and Shaanxi Province Ren Hongyu, Zhang Pingcang, Huang Yuling, Zou Xiang 2006, 22 (8):  569-569.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   The discrepancy of the mountain flood in the different regions in our country is obvious. The paper investigated and researched the mountain flood in Hunan province and Shaanxi province. The results showed that the main mountain flood disasters in Hunan province are brook and river floods and landslide hazard and the distributing bound is according with that of the rainstorm’s center. In Shaanxi province, brook and rivers floods, landslide and debris flow hazard are common, which lie in Qinba region, and the kinds of disasters account for half of the gross in the whole province.

  The Crop Origin and Farming System of Traditional Agriculture in Henan Province Li Xiangdong,, Guo Tiancai, Gao Wangsheng, Hu Tingji 2006, 22 (8):  574-574.  Abstract + ( 1598 )   The traditional cropping system and soil management in Henan have a long history with abundance contents. It takes intensive cultivation as its main character and applies for multiple cropping including main patterns such as intercropping, mixed cropping and relay cropping. From wilding domestication to crop breeding, and the invention of traditional dead stock to intensive cultivation, Henan agriculture was always keeping an advanced status in China and all over the world in many fields. The evolving process of crop origin and farming system of traditional agriculture in Henan, afford some availability considers to development of conservation farming, using effect of agriculture resources, food security and agriculture modernization building in new period.

  Discussion On Information Literacy Education for Chinese Farmers and New Village Building Zhao Huiqing, Yang Xincheng, Xue Zengzhao 2006, 22 (8):  584-584.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   The discourse on the era background of concept proposed and the content of farmer information literacy was discussed firstly. Then current farmer education and negative factors in information accomplishment education for farmers was analyzed in the paper. It was pointed out that low total level of farmer cultural literacy, the education disequilibrium of farm labor from different areas, lowly scientific and technological literacy of farmers are the result of some negative factors such as the subject misplacement of training target of China education, weak basis farmer education in rural area and the weakening of function of organizational education. It was pointed out that information literacy education for Chinese farmers should be strengthened in information era and new village building. The paper also puts forward the countermeasures to raise the information literacy of Chinese farmers, such as perfecting rural education system, making account of rural vocational education, and building the information education model according to Chinese farmer behavior.

  Research and Application of Index System about Green Agriculture Industrial Cluster ――Take Green Fruits Industrial Cluster of the North of Wei River in Shaanxi Province Wang Baoli, Yao Yanting 2006, 22 (8):  588-588.  Abstract + ( 1233 )   Based on the concept of green agriculture industrial cluster, green fruits industrial cluster of the north of Wei River in Shaanxi Province was taken as the research object, and the scientific and reasonable index system was designed for it. At the same time, according to the index system which have been designed, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the Non- Currency Assessment method were used to analyze the effect of cluster which produced from 2001–2005 separately. The main purpose of this method was to objectively understand the present situation and exist question of the cluster, comprehensively understand the cluster's sustainable ability of development. These results will become the objective basis for the government to make sustainable development strategy and the plan for the cluster, meanwhile, make enterprises of the industry’s chain to understand their own macroscopic development environment, so that they can promptly adjust their own development strategy and the long-term marketing strategy

  The Problems and Advices for County Science & Technology Ability Zhang Yu 2006, 22 (8):  594-594.  Abstract + ( 1183 )   The science & technology ability in county is one of the important factors for the development of the county economy and the realization of comparatively well-off. The purpose of this study is to construct the county science & technology ability and change the backward and obturated living way. The science & technology ability in county, transform ability of science & technology, demand level of science & technology and service level of science & technology were studied by first-hand investigation. The problems of science & technology ability in county were analyzed, then some advices were offered in the paper.

  The Study on the Path to Accelerate the Development of Agricultural Industrialization in Guangdong Province Yan Yuke 2006, 22 (8):  600-600.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   The gap between and the per capita net income of rural residents and per capita disposable income of urban residents in Guangdong Province has been expanding since 1989, the trend has become a harmonious society and Guangdong taking the lead in realizing modernization "bottle Drive." Practice has proved that China's agricultural industrialization of agriculture is the major operating system innovation, is one of the important paths to realizes our country economic construction in village in every locality strategy adjust, agriculture increase effect farmer increase to accept. This text put forward to support strongly after thorough analysis Guangdong province agriculture industry turn the present condition of the management with existent problem the agriculture industry turn the group leader business enterprise, leading agriculture group leader business enterprise establishes with peasant household the close type benefits coupling mechanism, positive leading agriculture group leader business enterprise establishment the agriculture industry turns the production base, positive grow the farmer profession cooperate the economy organizes, establish policy loan guarantee fund with agricultural product again insurance fund etc. path.

  Fractal Characteristics and Scale Distribution of Regional Economy Systems Yu Xiaoqiu Ge Jiaqi Xu Zhongru 2006, 22 (8):  605-605.  Abstract + ( 1111 )   Fractal method was introduced to study the regional economy systems. Based on Zipf theory, in was inferred that Zipf formula is a special case of Hausdorff fractal dimension. According to fractal dimension of key element of Heilongjiang grain production system, current situation and trend of the scale distribution of key element of Heilongjiang grain production system in the past four years were analyzed quantitatively in the paper. The overall results of fractal dimension showed that the scale distribution was scattered. The trend of fractal dimension showed that the fractal dimension was reduced and scale distribution was concentrated. It is proved that Hausdorff fractal dimension deeply reflected complicated changes in the economic system. In a word, it offered the theoretical foundation and new methods in guiding regional economic development.

  Application of the Participatory Development Methods in Village-Level Development Planning ——Take the case of LiangYu County Duan Weiwei, Guo Chengjin, Liu Huiyong, Tao Peijun 2006, 22 (8):  609-609.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   Participatory Development Methods is a method that rural researchers and peasants work together, it provide an approaches for the rural people to identify, analyze and prioritize their development issues and make the development planning sustainable. The article brought forward the development planning for LiangYu county in the near future by adopting participatory development methods.

  Obstacle Analysis and Legal Countermeasures of Ecological Agriculture System Chen Yanyan 2006, 22 (8):  613-613.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   Nowadays, the actual legal system of ecological agriculture has not been established in China. Existing legal guarantee measure depends on ecological environment protection legal system which based on natural resources protection and pollution prevention. Based on summarization of ecological agriculture system, it accurately analyzes several obstacles existed of ecological agriculture legal system in ideology domain, social structure, law guide and so on. At last, in order to improve the legislation process of ecological agriculture, it proposes several law countermeasures for how to eliminate the obstacles of ecological agriculture system from several sides, such as clearing ecological agriculture essence further, expediting legislation matching with ecological agriculture, strengthening local legislation.

  Analysis of Per Unit Area Grain Yield and Influencing Factors in Zhejiang Province Wang Meiaing, Wei xin, Hu Bao, Xu Ping 2006, 22 (8):  617-617.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   According to the per unit area grain yield data from 1993 to 2004, it was clear that per unit area grain yield took on an increasing trend on the whole. By Cobb-Douglas production function, the factors were analyzed of per unit area grain yield in whole province since 1990s.The result indicated that during the year of 1990—1997 and 1998—2000 the biggest contribution on increasing per unit area grain yield was the devotion of agricultural science and technology, its value was respectively 17.64% and 9.68%; during the year 2001—2004 the stricken area was the mostly factor on decreasing per unit area grain yield, and the value was 48.94%. From the whole trend, the devotion of agricultural science and technology was the most important factors for driving per unit area grain yield, its value was 44.50%. Thereby, relying on agricultural scientific progress to continuously increase the ability for grain integrative production will be the primary instrument and channel.

  Influence of Area Construction of the Agriculture Science and Technology Park on the Peripheral Village’ Development Tang Guohui, Li Qun, Duan Huaping, Bian Xinmin 2006, 22 (8):  621-621.  Abstract + ( 1838 )   The garden of agricultural science and technology is a new organization that meets the demand of the agriculture development in the new stage, regarding assembling, inheriting and demonstrating, popularizing of the modern agricultural science and technology as the means, through the high concentration and high-efficient management of the land, capital, technology, and talent. Since 1994 the garden of agricultural science and technology of our country has already existed 12 years. Through more than ten years’ development, the garden of agricultural science and technology has formed the various well arranged system with perfect function tentatively. How much influence does the construction of the garden of agricultural science and technology on the development of rural economy on earth? Hence, through the construction of the garden of Fujiabian agricultural science and technology and the impact on peripheral rural economy, probe into the function of construction of garden of agricultural science and technology of our country and the present problem, for relevant departments to make policy.

  The Role of the Government in the Development of Agricultural Cooperative Economic Organization Wu Zhiyong 2006, 22 (8):  626-626.  Abstract + ( 1211 )   China's agriculture is now undergoing a great organizational system innovation, which is to vigorously develop the Cooperative Economic Organizations (CEO) of the farmers themselves based on the family-contracting management. Agricultural cooperative economic organizations is the production of farmers’ free will, independence, and self-governing. Due to Chinese farmers’ decentralization and the frangibility of the agricultural industry, the development of CEO must obtain the support of government departments. During the development of the CEO, government departments should play a supporting and guiding role in the household land contract basis, take various measures to support the development of CEO, and strive to improve the degree of organization of agriculture, specialization, scale, modernization of the agriculture. The farmers should attend voluntarily through typical model guide. It will promote rural economic and social development in a comprehensive way.

  Practice research of the Property Relations Reform of Forestry in Jiangxi Province Kang Xiaolan, Ye Hongxiu, Guo Yuzhen, Cao Jianhua 2006, 22 (8):  633-633.  Abstract + ( 1265 )   Since the second half year of 2004, a gigantic and vigorous forestry property institution to reform has been launched in Jiangxi Province. According to existing reform performance, it has a far-reaching impact on forestry's long-term development of Jiangxi Province. The importance of advancing the reform of forestry's property right was outlined in the paper. Taken Jiangxi as an example, the content, practical experience, achievement of forestry's property institution reform and several questions were explained. The countermeasures were put forward at last

  The Research on the International Competitive Power of Chinese Rice ——The Comparative Research with India, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam Hu Zhongying 2006, 22 (8):  639-639.  Abstract + ( 1707 )   Rice, which is the main crop supplying food stuff, has rather high economic value. However, from the relative data given by Food and Agriculture Organization and World Trade Organization, the Chinese production of rice is not in proportion to the exports of rice. The author, who bases on the research on the demonstrative indexes of international competitive power and chooses the five biggest rice export countries in Asia, demonstrates the international competitive power of Chinese rice by using the four indexes: the international market share rate, Normalized Trade Balance (NTB), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and price relations between export and import. The result shows that Chinese rice does not have the international competitive advantage, compared with India, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam.

  A Co-integration Study on Relationship between Xinjiang Agriculture Credit and Agriculture Product Liu Shujun, Yang Hong 2006, 22 (8):  643-643.  Abstract + ( 1640 )   Making an empirical study on the relationship between Xinjiang Agriculture Credit and Agriculture Product by using the data from 1991 to 2004 to appraise the efficiency of bank .Based on the ways of Co-integration and Granger causality tests, the results are that Xinjiang Agriculture Credit is Co-integration with Agriculture Product; Xinjiang Agriculture Credit has closely relationship with Agriculture Product, but it doesn’t become the important factor to support Agriculture Product.

  Approach of Co-constructing Cooperative Mechanism on Agricultural Sci-tech with Harmonious and Double-Win Between Two Sides of Straits Su Zhuhua, Lin Li , Ye Weimin , Wan Zhong 2006, 22 (8):  647-647.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   This paper analyzed the current status and problems of the cooperation and development on agricultural sci-tech between two sides of straits. Some countermeasures about the two-way communication of cooperation and development on agricultural sci-tech between two sides of straits in future were elaborated, which include many aspects such as policy, technique, manpower, resources, information, service system and agricultural engineering and so on. An effective way for further co-constructing cooperative mechanism on agricultural sci-tech with harmonious and double-win between two sides of straits was pointed out.