Current issue

• 2006 Vol.22 No.9 Published:05 September 2006

  畜牧兽医科学

  Comparison Methods of DNA Extraction for Rumen Microbiology Li Dan,, Yang Shuli, Luo Shuping, Wang Jiaqi 2006, 22 (9):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 939252KB )   ( 772 ) How to get the total DNA of rumen microbes was the key factor on molecular research. The molecular size of the DNA of rumen microbes was very great, maximum size is 15 to 20kb. Therefore, an optimized method to get total DNA should be chosen for the future research. In this paper, some physical disruption methods were chosen, such as glass bead mill homogenization method, freeze-thaw treatment, ultrasonic lysis treatment, liquid N2 mill treatment etc, and some chemical method, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide solution and lysozyme pretreatment (lysozyme, proteinase K). And they were compared to choose the most optimized one to fit next PCR and other research. The results showed the total DNA quality of rumen microbes with the glass bead mill homogenization plus CTAB extraction solution method and the freeze-thaw treatment plus SDS extraction solution method were better than that with other methods, moreover, the sample of the total DNA can be used in the molecular experiment through electrophoresis and PCR detection.

  Effect of Wheat based Diet Supplemented with Xylanase on the Mean Retention Time of Digesta and Nutrient Digestibility in Segment of Gastrointestinal Tract of Broiler Chickens Gao Junqin, Gao Feng, Zhou Guanghong 2006, 22 (9):  6-6.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   PDF ( 171521KB )   ( 1026 ) The study was conducted to examine the effects of wheat based diet supplemented with two xylanase preparations(native xylanase EⅠ, foreign commercial xylanase EⅡ) on the mean retention time(MRT) of digesta and nutrient digestibility in segments of gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens．Seven-day-old broiler chickens were divided into five groups，wheat based diets was supplemented with EⅠ(A1 Group), 0.02% EⅠ(A2 Group), 0.02% EⅡ(B1 Group), 0.05% EⅡ(B2 Group), 0%(C Group) for 14 days respectively．The results showed that the MRT in jejunum and ileum were the longest in all groups．The MRT in proventriculus, colon and ceca were prolonged by xylanase supplementation，and in other segments of intestinal tract the MRT were shortened，but no significant effects were observed. A1, A2, B1 and B2 groups reduced total MRT by 15.2%, 6.4%, 13.6% and13.8%, respectively. Groups with xylanase increased dry matter and crude protein digestibility in feces. In all groups，digestibility of dry matter and crude protein was negative in crop, proventriculus, duodenum and ceca， while that in gizzard, jejunum, ileum and colon was positive．There was a tendency of increase from jejunum to colon.

  Effect of Injecting GRF gene Plasmid on Growth Performance in Calves Zhang Liyu, Sun Baozhong, Wang Min, Jia Entang, Nie He, Meng Qingyong, Chong Jinghua 2006, 22 (9):  10-10.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   PDF ( 425492KB )   ( 575 ) To study the effect of injecting GRF gene plasmid on growth performance in calves, thirty-six heads of Simmental crossbred calves which average body weigh was about 102kg were randomly divided into four groups equally and injected the 5ml of 0.9% NaCl solution respectively containing 0mg，3.37mg, 6.74mg, 10.11mg of gene plasmid. The index ,including of average daily gain(ADG), the feed conversion rate（FCR） and the Growth Hormone（GH） level in the blood ,were regularly determined in experimental period. The results showed each of treatment group all had positive effect for enhancing ADG and FCR. Group of 6.74mg was the best, in which ADG and FCR were more 17.33%(P<0.01) and 18.05%(P<0.01) respectively than control group. The GRF gene plasmid residue didn’t be found in a few of organs injected calves after slaughter.

  Cloning and Homology Analysis of Toxin Gene of Pastuerella Multocida in Northeast Tiger Jin Tianming, Gao Feng, Tong Qingbin, Wu Yinghong 2006, 22 (9):  14-14.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 384581KB )   ( 437 ) Pathogeny of northeast tiger was separated and identified in Jilin City Jiangnan Park. In order to carry out the epidemiological investigation and provide the accuracy diagnose and treatment measures, toxA gene of pastuerella was researched in the experiment. According to pastuerella toxA gene rank, a pair of primer was designed and synthesized. The rank of toxA was amplified by pastuerella toxA in clinical. 526 bp aim gene were cloned into pGEM-T vecter and the cloning vecter pGEM-TtoxA was constructed. The sequences of toxA gene have 100% homology with that of the standard toxA in (X51512). Epidemiological investigation showed that etiological agent of northeast tiger pastuerella Multocida maybe comes from the food. So it is important to quarantine in feeding and cut off the route of transmission in breeding.

  The Present Advancement on the Study of African Horse Sickness Zeng Zhao-Wen, Hua Qun-Yi, Duan Gang,Xiang Xun, Chang Hua 2006, 22 (9):  17-17.  Abstract + ( 1489 )   PDF ( 384581KB )   ( 532 ) African horse sickness virus (AHSV) causes a non-contagious, infectious insect-borne disease of equids which is named African horse sickness (AHS) and is endemic in many areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The vectors are certain species of Culicoides biting midge and the most important of which is the Afro-Asiatic species C. imicola. This paper describes features of AHSV, the effects that AHSV has on its equids hosts, aspects of its epidemiology, and present and future prospects for control.

  Studies on the Efficiency of Utilization of Dietary Protein by Milking Cows Liu Qinghua, Liu Taiyu, Nie Furong 2006, 22 (9):  23-23.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   PDF ( 150773KB )   ( 510 ) Seventy-six Chinese Holstein cows (with similar daily milk production, 60~100 days after parturition, at an average body weight of 650±10 kg, and at parities 3~5) were used in a feeding trial, where the efficiency of utilization of dietary protein was studied by means of nutrition models. It was shown that the efficiency of utilization of dietary RDP reached 67.7%, indicating that it was an important means for improving dietary protein utilization to reasonably select protein supplements and reduce dietary RDP. The IDCPs estimated by NY/T34-2004 and NRC (2001) were 2338.1 and 2505.4 g/d per cow, respectively, the big difference for which partly resulted from the assumption of the coefficient of RUP digestion at0.65 for all ingredients by NY/T34-2004. Such an estimate was not suitable for high-producing cow rations formulated with RUP highly digestible ingredients. The IDCP requirement for experimental cows was 2143 g/d per cow based upon the NRC (2001) nutritional requirement models. However, the supply of dietary IDCP was 2505.4 g/d per cow, and the efficiency of IDCP utilization was only 85.6%. An analysis of the contents of total EAA and methionine in IDCP showed that they caused a reduction of 12.3% in IDCP utilization.

  Studies on the Factors Influencing Effects of Superovulation in Boer Goat Liu Taiyu, Jin Shuangxing, Zhang Guizhi, Chen Meikai, Zhang Changxing 2006, 22 (9):  27-27.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   PDF ( 139925KB )   ( 453 ) To study the optimal process of superovulation and improve the efficiency of embryo transfer, one of the factors influencing effects of superovulation in Boer goat, methods of superovulation, times of superovulation, methods of insemination, season of superovulation and parity of donor were studied in this trial. The result showed that the different methods had a significant effect on superovulation (P<0.05). The mean number of viable embryos in second and the rate of viable embryos in first repeat superovulation were significantly more than that of donors without treatment (P<0.05). Methods of insemination, season of superovulation and parity of donor did not affect the results of superovulation significantly (P>0.05).

  Cloning and Sequence Analysis of MAPK12 Gene cDNA in Pig Zeng Ruixia, Su Yuhong, Ba Caifeng, Zhu Baoqin, Song Huijuan, Liu Dongxin 2006, 22 (9):  31-31.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 550574KB )   ( 979 ) The biologic characters of pig were analyzed to acquire a new ERK6 gene in pig and provide information for its further study. Based on MAPK12 gene cDNA sequence of human and mouse, three pairs of primers were designed to amplify ORF of pig MAPK12 gene. The amino acid sequence was analyzed by bioinformatic methods and software. This ORF included 1101bp, encoding 367 amino acids, 92% similar to human and mouse. Its physical and chemical characters were analyzed and its primary and secondary structure was predicted. This isolate is named as pig ERK6 gene. Obtain of the enzyme’s basic information and contrast analysis of existing reports will play an important role on further study of its structure and function.

  Path Analysis and Optimum Regression Equation of Reproductive Traits for Danish Landrace Sows Li Ming., Sun Guirong, Liu Mengzhou, Wang Fengyun, Shi Jianzhou, Wu Yudan 2006, 22 (9):  35-35.  Abstract + ( 1713 )   PDF ( 156262KB )   ( 606 ) Danish Landrace (D- Landrace) sows’ Reproductive Traits (the number of living newborn piglets, the weight of a nest of newborn piglets, the average weight of newborn piglets, the number of weaned piglets, the average weight of 28-day old weaned piglets, total number of farrowed piglets, the weight of a nest of 28-day old weaned piglets) were analyzed with Path analysis and regression analysis in the paper. The results showed that each reproductive trait had various degrees correlation with the other, the biggest correlation coefficient appeared in the relationship of the total number of farrowed newborn piglets and the number of living newborn piglets. The four factors, the number of living newborn piglets, the number of weaned piglets, the weight of a nest of newborn piglets and the average weight of 28-day old piglets had remarkable effect on the weight of a nest of weaned 28-day old piglets. Based on above, in order to estimate the weight of a nest of weaned 28-day old piglets, the best regression mode was established as follows: y=-40.2415+1.4332X1+1.1342X2+4.0760X4+5.4210X5。

  Synthesis of Diethylstibestrol artifical antigen and establishment of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method Gu Yanli,, Qu Zhina, Chen Dekun, Zheng Zengren,Lu Ping, Liu Shuang, Li Wei , Zhang Guijin, Tan Weiquan 2006, 22 (9):  39-39.  Abstract + ( 1261 )   PDF ( 844023KB )   ( 688 ) Diethylstibestrol-4-Carboxymethyl ether was synthesized through chemical method in this paper, and was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). To synthesize Diethylstibiestrol artificial antigen, Mixed anhydride and Isobutylchlorofomate and carbodiimide method were respectively used to conjugate Diethylstibestrol-4-Carboxymethyl ether to Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Ovabumin (OVA). Diethylstibestrol artificial antigens were synthesized successfully, which were proved by ultraviolet scan、SDS-PAGE and animal experimentation. Anti-DES polyclonal antibody was prepared, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was founded. It’s very important to detect the residues of DES in food of animal origin.

  Study on Analysis of Salt Endurance and Yield of Alfalfa Varieties Du Weijun, Wang Wencheng, Zhang Shengjing,Zhao Bingjun 2006, 22 (9):  47-47.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 119101KB )   ( 522 ) Analysis of salt endurance of 9 alfalfa varieties was done in the period of 2 years. The result showed that Affinity, Jetta, Liangmu No.5, Royal Crown grew vigorously in seedling stage, and their salt endurance and comprehensive characteristic were good. They were suitable for planting widely in the area of saline-alkali soil of eastern Hebei. And Algangen was the worst in seedling stage, salt endurance and comprehensive characteristic, and is not proper for the region.

  生物技术科学

  Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Coat Protein Gene of Sweet Potato Virus G Gu Yinghong, Tang Haoru, Zhang Yizheng 2006, 22 (9):  50-50.  Abstract + ( 1772 )   PDF ( 608079KB )   ( 578 ) Two cDNA fragments (SPVG-CPSC1, SPVG-CPSC2) with about 700bp were cloned from sweet potato (Ipomoea batats (L.) Lam.) which were suspiciously infected with sweet potato virus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）method using a pair of specific primers which were designed based on the conserved region of the coat protein (CP) genes of sweet potato virus G (SPVG). PCR product was cloned into pMD18-T vector, the linked DNA was transformed into Escherichia coli JM109 and the positive clones were sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that the two cloned fragments were highly identical with known CP genes of SPVG. There was the highest identification between the Egypt 1 isolate and the two clones, with homology of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of 98.7% and 98.7% for SPVG-CPSC1, 89.1% and 94.8% for SPVG-PSC2, respectively and the lowest identification between the China isolate CH2 and the two clones, with homology of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of 87.4% and 96.6% for SPVG-CPSC1, 87.0% and 94.8% for SPVG-CPSC2, respectively. While the homology of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences between two cloned fragments were 89.5% and 96.1%, respectively, which indicated that the CP gene of SPVG had some polymorphism.

  畜牧兽医科学

  Identification of a Pathogenic Strain of Bombyx mori and its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Zhang Li, Ding Xiuqiong, Tao Yong, Liu Shigui, Long Zhangfu 2006, 22 (9):  56-56.  Abstract + ( 1551 )   PDF ( 112050KB )   ( 472 ) During our breeding of Bombyx mori, a pathogen was isolated from naturally dead bodies, all of which had a big bright coeruleus spot on their cephalothorax. This strain’s pathogenicity was confirmed by Koch’s law. In order to prevent and cure this disease of Bombyx mori, we’ve done some further studies and researches to the strain zl1-r. Physiological observation and molecular identification was performed to determine the taxonomic position of zl1-r. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of zl1-r was sequentially carried out to find out an active method, which can control the disease. On the basis of phenotypic characterization and sequence similarity analysis, strain zl1-r was more closely related to the genus Aeromonas hydrophila. From the result of the Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing, we can conclude that the strain zl1-r is sensible to Gentamicin, Doxycycline, Streptomycin, Ciprofloxacin, Spectinomycin, Kanamycin, PolymyxinB and Ofloxacin, intermedio to Josamycin, Penicillin, Neomycin, Azithromycin and Roxthromycin, no sensible to Cefazolin and Sulfamethoxazole, resistent to Acetylspiramycin, Ampiocillin and Cefradine. Otherwise, we discovered that Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin had a very strong synergistic effect.

  生物技术科学

  Clonal Propagation of Pelargonium citrosum Vanleenii and Main Factors Affecting its Large-scale Production Jiang Nianqiong, Zhang Rui, Zheng Yizhi 2006, 22 (9):  59-59.  Abstract + ( 1314 )   PDF ( 389897KB )   ( 569 ) The research made a serial of studies on buds inducement and reproduction, root differentiation and cultivation of young plant in different hormone and different culture media, which selected tender leaves of Pelargonium citrosum as explants in germfree condition. The results showed that MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L was good for buds inducement and the rate of inducement is 96%, that MS（B5）+6-BA0.5mg/L +NAA0.1mg/L are suitable for buds reproduction, the coefficient of reproduction is up to 8, and buds grew very well, that MS（B5）+6-BA0.1mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L were good for getting stronger, and that 1/2MS+NAA0.1 mg/L and MS+IBA0.2 mg/L were best for rootage, the rooting rate is 100% , and the young plants grew very well. The main factors affecting its large-scale production are concentration of hormone, times of subculture and transplant manage.

  食品科学

  Determination of the Residues of Carbendazim and Degradation Trends in Apple by HPLC Guo Ruigang, Fan Chonghui, Zhao Zhengyang, Liang Jun 2006, 22 (9):  63-63.  Abstract + ( 1371 )   PDF ( 102862KB )   ( 644 ) A compact and effective method for determination of the residues of Carbendazim in apple was confirmed through the experiment. The fortified recoveries of Carbendazim were 86.2%~101.9% in the apple sample and the detection limit was 1.5ng; it can meet the experiment request. The elimination equation of dynamic state of Carbendazim for the apple peel, apple core and apple pulp are C=5.528e-0.1224d,C=1.330e-0.1573d and C=1.255e-0.2970d, the half-life time are 5.65, 4.41 and 2.33 days.

  Application of Enzyme on Tobacco Industry Li Wei, Li Shaopeng, Zhang Shengwei, Gong Changrong 2006, 22 (9):  66-66.  Abstract + ( 1437 )   PDF ( 144538KB )   ( 756 ) Enzyme plays an extremely vital role in tobacco curing, aging and storing management. How to use the enzyme to improve smoking quality already becomes the hot topic in tobacco industry in recent years. Using the enzyme might degrade the excessive starch, protein, cell wall substances and the pectin in tobacco leaves, increase the fragrances and improve the quality characteristics. Moreover, the research of enzyme on the tobacco additives, tobacco flavor, reconstituted tobacco, enzyme and microorganism's coordinate using is also increasing.

  有机农业与食品科学

  Progresses of Studies on Veterinary Drug Residue in Food Animals Nie Fanghong, Xu Xiaobin, Chen Jinjun 2006, 22 (9):  71-71.  Abstract + ( 1620 )   PDF ( 142136KB )   ( 1082 ) The actualities, causations, hazards, and control of veterinary drug residue in food animals were reviewed. Veterinary drug residue exists in every country and the residual amounts are different in different countries, and the developed countries put forward stricter requirements on veterinary drug residue in food. The main reasons of veterinary drug residue in food animals are drug usage for diseases prevention and treatment in food animals, usage of veterinary medicinal additives, and the pollutants in veterinary drugs or additives. The main hazards of veterinary drug residue in food animals include toxic effects, drug resistances, hormone-like effects, sensitization and eco-environmental toxicities and etc. The control of veterinary drug residue in food animals can be more perfect law and criterion systems for animal food, aggrandizement of examination technical system of veterinary drug residue in food animals, recognition of the principal parts of staff working in food animals, enhancement of supervision of the producing environment of food animals, strict quality requirements of feed and additives, reasonable usage of veterinary drugs and enhancement of veterinary drug residue control, strict slaughter quarantine as well as cleaning of animal food markets etc.

  热带农业科学

  Study on the Fresh Keeping of Litchi Fruit Stored in Room Temperature Tian Yanji, Lin Xiaolan, Liu Yan 2006, 22 (9):  76-76.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 186523KB )   ( 572 ) In order to prolong the storage period of litchi chinensis in normal temperature, antistaling agents, including the Citric acid, the Dehydroacetic acid and the Sodium chloride, were used to process the Lanzhu and the Wuye Litchi Chinenses. The results show that Wuye is easilier stored than Lanzhu. being soaked in the mixture with antistaling agent, the good-fruit rate of Lanzhu Litch was 100% with fresh-keeping package after 5 day’s storage; Under the same storage conditions Wuye was 100% after 6 day’s storage. In order to realize the distant transportation, the experiment of dipping in sodium diacetate solution and packing in foam plastic box with additional ice was also conducted. The Litchi is still kept the original colour and aroma after 6 day’s storage, and is fit for less than 4 day’s lorry transportation, so as to break Litchi’s limits between regions.

  食品科学

  Study on the Extraction and Purification of the Brown Pigment of Cotton Seeds Coat and the Stability of the Pigment Lv Kai,, Zhan Shaohua,, Lin Yin 2006, 22 (9):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 149730KB )   ( 610 ) The brown pigment of cotton seeds coat was extracted and purified initially in this paper. There are two absorption peaks (231nm, 278nm) in its UV spectrum. The pigment color was affected evidently by pH values, but the pigment color kept stability at the same pH value. The pigment stability was not influenced by light, oxidants and reducing agents. Different metallic ions had different effects on the pigment stability .The pigment could be stable under 80℃.

  Application of Risk Analysis in Management of Agro-product Quality Safety Wang Luxiang, Li Qiwan, Liu Jiafu, Yang Xukun 2006, 22 (9):  85-85.  Abstract + ( 1676 )   PDF ( 91082KB )   ( 1052 ) The developing history, basic contents, characteristics of risk analysis and general situation of risk analysis of agro-product quality safety in international organizations and domestic were studied in the article. We had realized the application of risk analysis in management of agro-product quality safety. The result showed that risk analysis played a significant role in work of WTO. Risk analysis was the basis of establishment of agro-product safety standards and settlement of international agro-product trade issue. Risk analysis will become the macroscopically management model to constitute policy of agro-product safety and to resolve all issues of agro-product safety. In the basis of importance to develop risk analysis of agro-product quality safety in China, the paper proposed suggestions of establishment of institution on risk analysis of food quality safety in China.

  Determination of Trace Nitrite in the Vegetable by Coupling Chemiluminescence Analysis Fan Cailing, Zhu lingfeng, Jiang zhihong, Suhui 2006, 22 (9):  88-88.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 121825KB )   ( 477 ) In acidic medium that NO2－ oxidize [Fe(CN)6]4- to [Fe(CN)6]3- and luminol—[Fe(CN)6]3-uric acid chemiluminescence system was coupled together, thus a new method for the determination of trace nitrite was developed. The effect of factors，such as consistency of various substance of reaction, acidity, disturbing ions etc., on the analytical results were studied. The Detection Limit was 5.0×10-5mg/L (3a). The Linear Range was at 0.001~10 mg/L. The parallel determination was done 12 times and the relative standard deviation was no more than 3.6%. The recovery was at the range of 97.5 to 104.

  Determination of Beta-carotene in Tea by Reverse High Performance Liquid Chromatography Wang Xinchao, Chen Liang, Zhao Liping, Ma Chunlei, Zhang Yali, Mei Jufen, Yao Mingzhe 2006, 22 (9):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1879 )   PDF ( 107944KB )   ( 606 ) A simple high performance liquid chromatographic analysis method of tea β-carotene has been developed. Firstly, samples were leached by acetone and reduced in the vacuum rotation evaporator. Secondly, samples were saponified by addition of diethyl ether and methanolic KOH, and allowed to rest for 3h at 4℃ with light excluded, and extracted by 10% NaCl, then the diethyl ether phases were reduced in the vacuum rotation evaporator. Finally, residues was solvated with methanol: ethyl acetate (v:v=1:1). The separation system consisted of a C18 reversed-phase column, a gradient elution system of acetone and water and detection wavelength of 450 nm. While the content of β-carotene ranged between 2.5~100μg/ml, the method showed a good linear relationship between the peak area and content of β-carotene (r2=0.9936) and high reproducibility. The average rate of recovery of β-carotene was 99.2 % and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 4.5%. Beta-carotene contents of different positional and seasonal leaves of a tea variety Longjing 43 were measured using this method. It can be concluded that the content of β-carotene is higher in mature leaves than in immature leaves, summer and autumn shoots higher than spring shoots.

  Influence of Microorganisms on Flue-cured Tobacco Nicotine Content Li Meiyun, Lei Liping, Guo Rongjun, Miao zuoqing, Yang Shuoyuan, Huang Maohua, Zhao Kunfen 2006, 22 (9):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 117021KB )   ( 699 ) The tobacco leaves were cured after spraying with each of the ten isolates and then were examined for their chemical components and the inner quality change. The results indicated that the chemical substances and the smoking quality of the treated leaves were affected in some extent and the different position leaves was affected by all the bacteria strains significantly. The middle-position leaves were treated by the isolates 1~6# isolate, the nicotine reduction rate of tobacco leaves sprayed with 4# was 36.9%, which is the highest of all tested isolates. The super-position leaves were treated by 1~11# isolates, the nicotine reduction rate with 9# was 37.25% and the next rate was the treatment of 10# and 4# isolate, 22.80% and 19.86% respectively. The leaves treated by 4#, 9#, 10# were determined their inner quality by smoking and the results showed that the total scores of 4# and 9# treatment was higher than the control. The smoking quality of treatment applied with that increased in terms of the aroma quality and volume, and the irritation strength was reduced.

  Effects of Chitosan on Clarification of Peach Juice Xu Hui, Sun Lanping 2006, 22 (9):  97-97.  Abstract + ( 1554 )   PDF ( 149444KB )   ( 706 ) The clarification of peach juice by means of chitosan was studied. The results showed that the transmittance was over 86% and soluble solid content was stable basically on the technological conditions that chitosan at 0.3~1.2g/L, temperature at 40~55℃ and pH 4.5. After the orthogonal trial, the optimum technological conditions of peach juice clarification by using chitosan were 0.4g/Lchitosan, 40℃and pH 4.5.

  植物生理科学

  Application of Wavelet Transformation in In-situ Measured Hyperspectral Data for Soybean LAI Estimation Song Kaishan, Zhang Bai, Wang Zongming, Li Fang, Liu Huanjun 2006, 22 (9):  101-101.  Abstract + ( 1589 )   Soybean canopy reflectance data collected with ASD spectroradiometers (350~1050nm) which were cultivated in water-fertilizer coupled control conditions, and chlorophyll-A and chlorophyll-B content data were collected simultaneously. First, correlation between reflectance, derivative reflectance against chl-A and chl-B were analyzed. Secondly, RVI, RARSa and PSSRb regressed against chl-A and chl-B. Finally, wavelet energy coefficients of spectral reflectance were extracted, and then those energy coefficients regress against chl-A, chl-B with different method. It was found that soybean canopy reflectance showed a negative relation with chl-A and chl-B, while it showed a positive relation with chl-A and chl-B in near infrared region. Reflectance derivative has an intimate relation with chl-A and chl-B in blue, green and red edge spectral region, and got maximum correlation coefficient in red edge region. Chlorophyll specified absorption vegetation index have intimate relation with chl-A and chl-B, with regression determination coefficient R2 greater than 0.736. Regression model established with single wavelet energy coefficient obtained and determination coefficient R2 greater than 0.76 and 0.78 for chl-A and chl-B respectively. Step wise regression with 4 and 9 wavelet energy coefficients were also done, the result showed that the relation between regression model, with 4 and 9 independents, predicted chl-A and measured chl-A with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.85 and 0.89 respectively, however, for chl-B, the model predicted chl-B and measured chl-B with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.86 and 0.90 respectively. By above analysis, it indicated that wavelet transform can be applied to in-situ collected hyperspectral data processing and model establishing with quite accurate model prediction, and in the future, wavelet transform still should be applied to hyperspectral data for other vegetation biophysical and biochemical parameters inversion.

  农艺科学

  Inheritance Breeding Research of Castor-oil Plant and its Potential Utilization in Biological Energy Sources and Medicament Zheng Lu, Qi Jian-ming,, Cheng Shao-jun, Fang Ping-ping 2006, 22 (9):  109-109.  Abstract + ( 1858 )   This text bases on the genetic diversity and the potentiality comprehensive utilization of the castor-oil plant. According to cytology, biology, oil chemical characteristic and castor-oil plant’s physical and chemical properties, it surveys both domestic and international research on the progress and development of castor-oil plant hereditary improvement, hybrid vigour utilization and comprehensive utilization. Especially, because castor oil have potential light spots in the research of biological energy, biological agriculture chemical and medicine, castor-oil plant is going to be the best potential plant in the 21st century.

  农业基础科学

  A Comparison Study on Pollen Morphology Between Ferula and Heracleum of Umbelliferae Li Guoqi, Hua Junxia 2006, 22 (9):  114-114.  Abstract + ( 1350 )   The genera of Ferula and Heracleum both are very important pharmaceutical plant of Umbelliferae. There are different opinions of the taxonomy on the subfamily, tribe, genus and species of Umbelliferae because the taxonomic system of Umbelliferae is based on the typical umbrella anthotaxy and its fruit with specific secretory tube. The pollen morphology is carefully observed in this test in order to provide several basic data for the taxa of Ferula and Heracleum. The pollen pictures of Ferula and Heracleum are taken under optical microscope and scan electrical microscope (SEM), respectively. The results show that the pollen forms of Ferula and Heracleum are prolate and perprolate, respectively, and there are 3 colporates with reticulate sculpture on the pollen exines of the both genuses. The average lengths of polar axis (L) of Ferula and Heracleum are 29.67 and 34.07μm in which there are significant difference by rank-sum test, but the average width of equatorial axis (W) are 17.07 and 15.65μm in which there are no significant difference, furthermore, the L/W are 1.76and 2.19 in which there are significant difference.

  林业科学

  Studies on the Soil-inhabiting Pests Community Structure in the Poplar Nursery in the North of Hebei Province in Spring Wang Jingshun,, Wu Sanan, Sun Sanhu, Liu Hui 2006, 22 (9):  119-119.  Abstract + ( 1407 )   Soil-inhabiting pests community structure composition in two different type nurseries of poplar in the north of Hebei province was investigated. The dominance pest species in irrigated nursery is Metabolus flavescens Brenske and the dominance in drought nursery is Maladera orientalis Motschulsky. The species abundance, individual amount and diversity index of soil-inhabiting pests in irrigated nursery are higher than that in drought nursery. In spring, the kinds and the quantity of the soil-inhabiting pests change in different depth of soil along with the seasonal alternation. The kinds and quantity of the underground pests in 0-5cm depth increase and the soil-inhabiting pests in 10-20cm depth unceasingly decrease during the last ten days of February and the middle ten days of April.

  农艺科学

  A Study on Limiting Factors to Winter Wheat -Summer Maize Production in Southern Hebei Plain Xia Aiping, Liang Weili, Lv Hongzhan, Yang Zhenqi, Qin Fengshu, Lv Yuhai 2006, 22 (9):  123-123.  Abstract + ( 1228 )   Based on the data from a semi-structured large sample formal survey and a field investigation in typical farmers’ fields conducted in Qvzhou county of Hebei province, limiting factors in wheat-maize production in southern Hebei plain are systematically studied in technical, social and economical dimensions. Major identified limiting factors to the wheat-maize system include untimely sowing and improper sowing density, confusion in variety use, unbalanced fertilization, insufficiency of irrigation facility, unsatisfactory profitability, lack of technical support, etc. Coping strategies as guaranteeing economical security of the farmer households, improving technical support system and extension approaches, upgrading infrastructure for farm production, providing favorable policy system and encouraging the increase of farm size are proposed.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Effects of Waterlogging Stress on Nitrogen Nutrition and Yield in Winter Wheat at Booting Stage Wei Fengzhen, Li Jincai,, Yin Jun, Wang Chengyu, Qu Huijuan 2006, 22 (9):  127-127.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   Experiments were carried out on the experiment farm of Anhui agricultural university with pool culture from 2004 to 2005. Effects of waterlogging at booting stage on N nutrition and yield were studied by applying simulation waterlogging method. The results showed that waterlogging at booting stage significantly influenced N nutrition Absorption content and reduced in dropping of total flag leaf chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis reducing and the grain weight and economic yield at last.

  农艺科学

  Genetic Variance of Chalkiness of Different Grain Positions in a Panicle Li Peide,, Piao Zhongze, Zhang Jianming, Wang Shimei, 2006, 22 (9):  130-130.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   Positions of chalkiness grains and the relationship of grain shape and grain weight in the same panicle were analyzed with three different japonica rice varieties which have different degree of chalkiness .The results indicate that positions of chalkiness grains was different in the same panicle. A majority of chalkiness grains of Yufeng which had little chalkiness were distributed in the middle and the below of the panicle and the secondary branch, comparatively chalkiness grains of wuyungeng7 which had the more chalkiness were distributed relatively equalization, and they were not evident with the grain position. The degree of chalkiness was significant negative correlated with grain length in same panicle, but there were different behaviors in grain weight and length with width ratio. The degree of chalkiness was significant negative correlated with grain weight in same panicle of wuyungeng7 and 96-110. The correlation between degree of chalkiness and length with width ratio was positive in 96-110, and the others were not evident.

  Research on the Early-season Rice Population Development Index and Its Adjustment Technique Lu Heping, Chen Zhouqian, Yuan Mingzhong, Fan Youshong, Wan Xiaoping, Sun Maohu, Yin Ling, Li Qiang 2006, 22 (9):  134-134.  Abstract + ( 1372 )   20 sets of rice populations with the differences of rice yield at 15 levels were set up through the design of three factors: planting density, amount of N-application and the ration of N-fertilizer application in the period of flowering and seed-setting. The statistic analysis of the development indexes of 29 rice populations/individual showed that there was diversity in the development kinds of high-yielding population and the model between the experimental factors and yield/other characters of the population/individual was set up. The development index of population/individual at three yield levels (<7500, 7500-9000 and >9000kg/km2) and the cultivated measure at two yield levels (7500-9000 and >9000kg/km2) were simulated and the establishment and adjustment of technical regulation in the development of high-yield rice population were put forward.

  Effects of Sowing Date, Planting Density and Nitrogen Application Regime on Grain Yield in Winter Wheat Qu Huijuan, Li Jincai,, Shen Xueshan, Wang Yonghua, Yin Jun, Wang Chengyu 2006, 22 (9):  141-141.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   Effects of sowing date, planting density and nitrogen application regime on grain yield and compositions in winter wheat .It was shown that all three factors contributed significantly to yield but depend-on the cultivars of wheat. The most suitable sowing period was from 10/15 to 10/22 and planting density was from 120×104plants/hm2 to 240×104 plants/hm2. Meanwhile, the first suitable nitrogen application technique was 210kg/hm2(basal N fertilizer: jointing stage N fertilizer: booting stage N fertilizer =3:5:2) and the second suitable nitrogen application technique was210kg/hm2(basal N fertilizer :jointing stage N fertilizer =5:5).To make the winter wheat have a high yield above 9000 kg/hm2, stem and tiller were indicated equal important, and suitable yield components proportion was 4:4:4, viz. the panicle number was from 39.4×104 to 44.3×104 plants per 666.7m2, the grains number per ear was from 35.3 to 40.0 and the 1000grains weight was from 40.2 to 45.8g.

  Effect of Continuous Cropping on Peanut Growth and Development and Studies on Its Relief Method Liu Meichang, Zheng Yaping, Wang Caibin, Lv Wei, Zhang Juan, Cheng Bo, Chen Dianxu, Wu Zhengfeng 2006, 22 (9):  144-144.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   Studies on effect of continuous cropping on peanut growth and development and different agricultural methods on relief of continuous cropping obstacles were carried out under field and pot trials. Results showed: (1) Effect of continuous cropping on peanut presented through the whole peanut growth period and became more serious as plant growth，so the relief methods should be adopted as early as possible. (2) Continuous cropping significantly aggravated the foliar diseases and made it heavier with the continuous cropping years increased. (3) Adaptability among peanut types was obvious to continuous cropping. Virginia type had good adaptability and following was Intermediate type, the last was Spanish type. (4) Among the four single adopted agricultural methods to relief the continuous cropping obstacles, organic manure had the best effect which made the yield increased by 13.3%, and followed by order were strengthening the control of foliar diseases, adoption of microbial bacteria and deep plough, which increased the yield by 7.8%, 6.7% and 4.8% respectively than normal techniques. The continuous cropped peanut yield under integrated method composed by the four single methods listed above was 24.3%, higher than that under normal techniques but lower than rotated peanut yield with the same integrated method, which showed that the integrated method has still certain potential to be improved.

  Effect of Sunlight and Temperature on Rice Yield of Xinyang in 2003 Wang Yali,, He Liyuan, Cai Daxin 2006, 22 (9):  149-149.  Abstract + ( 1251 )   Meteorologic data and rice yield data were analyzed in Xinyang from 1991 to 2004, and the reason of yield’s decreasing was intense change of sunlight and temperature from July to September, and the rice yield was reduced by 28.28% compared with average of recent five years. Seed setting rate and spikelet number per panicle were the most serious ones affected by meteorologic conditions in all the yield components, which declined 23.71% and 7.82%, but there was not obvious difference for panicle number and grain weight compared with other years’. Yield was affected most strongly by the deficiency of sunlight from flowering stage to the evening of grain filling, and the correlative coefficient reached 0.7011. Rice yield also could be affected by the low temperature and sunlight in tillering stage, high temperature in the evening of booting stage, and low temperature in flowering stage.

  食品科学

  Study on Effect of Dry-cultivation to Rice Cooking Quality Shi Yingyao, Shen Guangle, Wang Weigang, Zhuang Zhizhuan, Chen Duopu 2006, 22 (9):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   With the contrast of water-cultivation, using the material of 147 new varieties of dry resistance gene convergent cross generation, the experiment was carried on the effect of dry-cultivation to rice cooking quality. The results were as follows: the gel consistency of dry-cultivation rice is lower than that of water-cultivation rice, higher the gel consistency is, more the diversity is; the gelatinization temperature of dry-cultivation rice is higher than that of water-cultivation rice, lower the gelatinization temperature is, and more the diversity is. The amylose content of dry-cultivation rice is lower than that of water-cultivation rice, higher the amylose content is, and more the diversity is. Dry-cultivation is helpful to improve the Gelatinization Temperature and amylose content, but unhelpful to Gel Consistency. But there are some varieties’ Gel Consistency is equal or a litter higher than that of water-cultivation, and those varieties may become good varieties to be used on dry-cultivation.

  农业工程科学

  Study on Effects of Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Influence on Grain Filling and Percentage of Unfilled Grains in Rice Wang Shangming, Hu Fengxi, Zhang Chonghua, Zeng Kai, Wang Wenjin 2006, 22 (9):  158-158.  Abstract + ( 1814 )   Effects of air temperature and relative humidity influence on grain filling and percentage of unfilled grains with the late rice of 1996~2005 were studied in the paper. The result shows that air relative humidity has no distinct influence on grain filling. It is significant that higher temperature during stage of grain filling brings on higher velocity of grain filling. The days whose daily maximum of air temperature exceed 30℃ per-day have insignificant influence on blighted grain rate of rice. But the days whose daily maximum of air temperature exceed 30℃ per-day during booting and heading stages have very significant influence on percentage of unfilled grains. Finally some suggestions on how to prevent disaster of high temperature are put forwards in the paper.

  农艺科学

  Selective Breeding and Applications of Indica Elite Restorer “Nanhui 009” Jiang Wenqing, Huang Tingxu, Liu Duanhua, Zhou Shiquan, Xie Donglong 2006, 22 (9):  163-163.  Abstract + ( 1186 )   Nanhui 009, developed from three cross of Minghui 63, Linhui 7 and Gui 44, is a new medium indica line with strong restoring and high combining ability, moderate growth duration and powerful blast resistance. Teyou 009 and II you 009, by crossing the three lines to CMS line Nongtefu A and II-32A, showed fine synthesize properties, remarkably yield –increasing in all regional trials. And Teyou 009 was examined and released by Fujian Committee of Crops Variety Examination and by National Committee of Crops Variety Examination.

  Study on Yield and Commodity Characteristic of Potato with Straw Covering and No-tillage Cultivation in Paddy Field under Different Managements Wang Tiezhong, Xiang Xiong, Zhen Yuanxi 2006, 22 (9):  167-167.  Abstract + ( 1708 )   The experiments of potato cultivated with straw covering and no-tillage under different managements of density and fertilizer dosage were carried out in 2004–2005. The results showed that the fresh potato yield of different managements was different significantly. F1D4 with 375 kg compound fertilizer and 90000 plants per ha was the highest yield in these treatments. The potato yield was increased when planting density of potato was increased, the amount of big potato was increased when the potato planting density was decreased, the weight of average single potato was increased, the commodity characteristic of potato was better. We proposed that most low density of the potato with straw covering and no-tillage cultivation was more than 60,000 plants /hm2, the planting density was lower in fertility soil and was higher in poor soil.

  Study of the Influence of Shading Stress to the Development Stages and the Form Characters of Soybean Li Chuying, Sun Zudong, Chen Huaizhu, Yang Shouzhen 2006, 22 (9):  170-170.  Abstract + ( 1273 )   According to studying the influence of shading intension and shading duration to the development and the form characters of soybean. The results showed that, shading 20%~50% from seeding to Third-node stage and to the later developing-stage, the days of all developing-stage were shortened, and the days from seedling to maturing were shortened too. Shading 20% from seeding to third-node stage and to the later developing-stage, shading 30% from seeding to flowering and to the later developing-stage, shading 50% from seeding to filling and to maturing, the days from seedling to maturing decreased significantly. In the same shading period, with the increasing of the shading intensity, the days from filling to maturing, the days from seedling to maturing increased. The effect on shading intensity and shading duration to four characters (plant height, cotyledon node height, number of nodes on main stem and diameter of main stem) of soybean was significant. Bearing shading 50% from seeding to filling and to harvesting, the form of soybean varied significantly, the growth of plant became sprawling.

  Changes of Germination and Activity of Two Sorghum Varieties and Their Three Lines in the Aging Process of Seeds Shi Dunsen, Dong Liping, Ma Jinhu, Li Xinji 2006, 22 (9):  174-174.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   With application of the materials of two sorghum coenospecies: 623×276、7501×283 and parent strain seeds of their three lines, by the approach of artificial acceleration of aging, changes on germination, seed activity and electrical conductivity in the aging process of seeds were studied. The results demonstrates:(1)Germination indexes and activity of seeds obviously decreased when seeds were treated in the condition of high temperature(54±1)℃ and high humidity(100% relative humidity) and obturation and less treatment time than 36h. Germination indexes and activity of seeds of 623×276, 623B ,283R increased obviously than controls when treatment time was 24h. And when time was as many as 36h, those indexes of 623A were also obviously higher than those of the control. (2) Electrical conductivity of seeds increased as a uneven speed with the extent of treatment time in the process of aging; it decreased in some treatment time.(3)On the basis of analysis of change of germination ,activity and electrical conductivity of seeds, abilities to aging resistance of two varieties are different from those of seeds of their three lines: seeds of 632×276、623A、623B、283R、7501×283 are relatively aging resistant while the abilities to aging resistance of seeds of the three lines are comparatively low.

  Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Major Traits of Several New Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties Lu Xiuping, Bai Yongfu 2006, 22 (9):  178-178.  Abstract + ( 1115 )   Major characteristics of 7 flue-cured tobacco varieties were compared and analyzed. Then the fuzzy integrated evaluation was made. The results indicated that 3 varieties namely YNH09, Yunyan 97 and CF209 performed better in comprehensive traits. Among the three varieties, YNH09 was superior. The difference between YNH09 and the control K326 in disease resistance and the yield has reached the extreme significant level. While the average price and the ratio of grade A cured leaf of Yunyan97 surpassed the control K326 and the difference reached the extreme significant level. The yield difference between CF209 and the K326 was in extreme significance, and the other traits were similar to that of the control. K07 performed moderately, while Yunyan98, and 94-7 performed rather poorly.

  The Genetics Law on the Main Stem Ear Length of Long Spike Wheat Lines Using Maximum Likelihood Methods Zhang Anjing Zhang Junzu Liu Fengqin Luo Hongxi Wang Binlong Zhao Huili 2006, 22 (9):  182-182.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   The genetics law on the main stem ear length of new line 93(220) was analysised by using quality-quantity traits maximum likelihood method about the quality-quantity model testing, main and little gene effect with estimating variance.The result showed the main stem of long spike wheat new line 93(220) was one typical quality-quantity trait with one main gene and several little gene controlling. There was one pair of recessiveness main gene controlling ear length, which belonged to the adding-dominance hereditary model. F1 representative was part dominance. The recessiveness main gene average effect of increasing ear length was 1.47cm, while the genetic effect of little gene was 2.83cm. The main stem ear length of one with recessiveness main gene was long spike.

  Study on the Mutant Character of Sweet Maize Inbred Line Offsprings by Transmitting Exogenous DNA Zhang Huiying, Feng rui , Lu Ping, Yu Weihua, Hao Xiao qin 2006, 22 (9):  186-186.  Abstract + ( 1463 )   With the methods of pollen-tube-pathway, the exogenous DNA extracted from donor waxy corn was introduced into the sweet maize inbred lines. The progenies appear the mutant characters, mainly including the height of plant, the height of fruit, the area of leaf etc. Through planted and observed in D3 generation, which character tended to be stabilized. Analyzed its soluble sugar, protein and starch content of the stable strain D3 generation, the results indicated that the soluble sugar content was little changed, protein and starch content was increased. Consequently, it offers a collated theoretical base to develop new mutant maize material for transmitting exogenous DNA. of different species .

  Studies on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Different Variety of Hybrid Cotton Li Ling-li, Fang Weiping, Xie Deyi, Zhang Donglin, Du Yuanfang, Li Zhimin, Yan Xixia 2006, 22 (9):  189-189.  Abstract + ( 1368 )   The photosynthetic characteristics and yield & fibre quality was studied under field condition with five hybrid cotton varieties. The results showed that Yu-Za 35 indicated higher photosynthetic rate(Pn) and smaller diurnal change of Pn, Fv/Fm, ФPSⅡ in leaves , consequently having higher ability of utilize powerful light and the highest yield was harvested compared with other varieties. The yield of Zhong mian 29,Biao za A2 and Jing za 2 was higher significantly compared with Biao za A1. The yield of Biao za A1 was lowest because of senescence-early and lower Pn of leaves.

  Preliminary Study on Indica-Compatible Japonica Restoration Lines Wen XinLian 2006, 22 (9):  193-193.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   This article focuses on compatibility and restoration capability indica-compatible Japonica rice possesses when bred by high space conditions induction. Results indicate that Indica-compatible Japonica restoration Lines have good compatibility and can restore CMS, which are, to some extent, applicable to production process. Longtebu A/ZSP13-8, D62A/HSP517 and AnXiang S/ZSP Xuan 1 make good matches which perform really well by being matched with Indica-compatible Japonica restoration Lines

  Studies on Double-Cropping Seeds Production Techniques of Flue-cured Tobacco MS Hybrid Hu Risheng., Xu Wenjun., Yang Quanliu, Zhu Lieshu, Guo Qingquan 2006, 22 (9):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1462 )   To study double-cropping seeds production techniques of flue-cured tobacco MS hybrid, experiments were carried out on the ratio of male parent to female parent and fertilization level in the first crop season. Comparison was carried out between MS hybrid seeds production in the fist crop season and in the second crop season in output and quality of hybrid seed，as well as their seed production cost and laborer employed. The results showed that the best ratio of male parent to female parent was 1:3, and 210 kg/hm2 N fertilization was better. It indicated that hybrid seeds production in two crop seasons, especially the second crop season based on the utilization of ratoons of flue-cured tobacco which regenerated after hybrid seed was harvested in the first crop season, was beneficial to higher seed yield, lower cost, and less laborers employed as well.

  Study on the Mathematics Regression Models of Cultural Factors on Yield and Component Part of Transgenic Hybrid Cotton F1 and F2 Zhang Zhigang, Zhou Jiping, Wang Renxiang, Zhu Jingming, Wang Hong 2006, 22 (9):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   To gain cultivation model of high yield of transgenic hybrid cotton，the relationship between transgenic hybrid cotton yield and plant density, N, K, DPS, was studied by means of quaternary quadratic regression rotational combination design. The relations between the main effect of yield and interaction of four synthetic measures of agriculture namely density, nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, DPS have been analyzed. Their effect to F1 yield is arranged from big to small density, DPS, nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium fertilizer; F2 is arranged from big to small potassium fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, density, DPS. the best mathematics regression models of cultural factors on yield and component: F1 is density 21500 plant/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer 450kg/hm2, potassium fertilizer 450kg/hm2, DPS75g/hm2 can obtained topmost lint yield 1556kg/hm2. F2 density 15000 plant /hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer 750kg/hm2, potassium fertilizer 300kg/hm2, DPS135g/hm2 an obtained topmost lint yield 1219.35kg/hm2.

  Preliminary Research on the Male Sterility Characteristic of the DSV－type Wheat Zhang Shulin, Zhu Gaopu, Mao Zhongjing, Feng Dou 2006, 22 (9):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   The author recommends a kind of new-type wheat male sterility line (the male sterility of Model DSV), which can seed in main stem, but cannot in tiller. When the mail sterile plant crossed with common wheat, the fertility of offspring showed higher recovery. During the period of meiosis, through observing tentatively, chromosome bridge and structure of lag etc were found. Therefore, that means the male sterility is related to structure of chromosome change.

  The Gray Connecting Analysis to Output of the High-gluten Wheat and Related Elements Liu Suzhen, Chen Gang 2006, 22 (9):  207-207.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   Under field conditions with medium-texture soil and high, medium fertility, Using the methods of gray connecting analysis to fully analyze the main agronomic Characters which affects output of the High-gluten wheat provided by 2004—2005 Henan Dazhong seed company’s nine weak vernal wheat varieties. Comparing their degrees of gray connecting, and the results to indicate the agronomic characters and the output relativity are in turn: seed number of each ear (0.7147), per-blooming period (0.731), each plant of number of ears (0.6946), seed number of each hectare (0.6873), growing period (0.6347), basic seedlings (0.56), post-blooming period (0.542). The result can provide the theoretical basis of the high production of the week vernal wheat in Henan province and the technology of the high production cultivation.

  Study on Physiological Response of Maize to Low Temperature and Comparison of Frost Hardiness Varieties Wang Yingchun, Chu Jinxiang, Sun Zhongfu, Wang Daolong 2006, 22 (9):  210-210.  Abstract + ( 1541 )   In this paper, 5 maize cultivars were tested in different low frosting temperature. Measurement and analysis for the parameters such as photosynthesis rate, electrical conductivity (EC) and proline content were made to estimate the response of crop resistance to low temperatures. It was concluded that: more frost-resisting cultivars may be selected out in seeding stage by parameter measurement with smaller decrease both in photosynthetic rate and electrical conductivity and with the bigger increase in proline content. Among the five tested cultivars, the order of frost resistance from higher to lower was Shendan No.10, Zhongdan No.306, Nongda No.108, Jindan No32 and Shandan No.902.

  植物生理科学

  Effect of Iron Nutrition on Growth and Physiological Indices in Tobacco Seedling Li Ye, Wang Chaozhong, Zhao Xiuxiang, Wu Yuanhua 2006, 22 (9):  213-213.  Abstract + ( 1460 )   The relationship between Election Conductivity value and the contents of Soluble Sugar, Soluble Protein, Free Praline, MDA and Root Vigor in tobacco seedling under different Iron nutrition levels (0.00、0.56、1.12、1.68、3.36、4.48mg/L) using liquid culture was evaluated. The results showed that under Fe 1.68mg·L-1 treatments, the plant height and root/shoot value of tobacco leaves were better than those of the other treatments; but the Election Conductivity content, Free Praline, and MDA content were lower, while Soluble Sugar, Soluble Protein, Root vigor of tobacco were higher than those of the other treatments.

  植物保护科学

  Experiment of Using 75.7% Gyphosate for Weed Control in Orange Garden Chen Yong, Lin Youhao, Zeng Pengcheng, Huang Binqiu 2006, 22 (9):  216-216.  Abstract + ( 1618 )   The purpose of this experiment is to test the impact of glyphosate herbicide-75.7% glyphosate soluble powder, which is produced by Zhejiang Long You Lv De Pesticide Chemical Plant Ltd. 75.7% glyphosate is a kind of highly efficient contact herbicide and of organic phosphorus herbicide medicine. It has solved the problem of low-content of organic herbicide in water. In the experiment, there are 4 different dosages tests adopted (1135.5、1704.0、2271.0、3406.5g,ai/hm2）and 4 repetitions in each dosage compared with two disposals of which one is adopted with water and the other is sprayed with 75.0% glyphosate soluble powder. Conducted results showed that the lowest mean weeding rate was 97% after thirty days. The rate of effect reached to the peak after fifteen days, among 4 dosages, the effect of a dosage of 3406.5g,(ai)/hm2 is best. So 75.7% glyphosate SG has the following advantages: highly effect in weed control, diffused scope of weed, the high efficiency, and long remaining action, low noxiousness for both animals and people. It is appropriate to weed control by this chemical medicament for 1~2 times in all year in Guangzhou area.

  食品科学

  Salicylic Acid Alleviates Chilling Injury and Effects Antioxidant System of Peach Fruit during Cold Storage Chen Shuangjian,,, Wang Lijun, Liu Qingchang, Li Shaohua 2006, 22 (9):  219-219.  Abstract + ( 1739 )   Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batch. cv. Beijing 24] fruit at commercial maturity were immersed in 0, 0.35, 0.7 and 1 mmol/L salicylic acid (SA) solution for 5 min, stored at 0°C for 28 days, then moved to 20°C for 3 days to simulate shelf life. Chilling injury (CI) index, decay index (DI), firmness and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of fruit were measured at the end of shelf life. The results showed that only 1 mM SA significantly maintained higher firmness and lower CI, DI, and TBARS content of fruit compared with the control. Studies were then conducted to determine if 1 mmol/L SA alleviated chilling injury by influencing antioxidant systems of the fruit. Reduced-to-oxidized ascorbate ratio (AsA/DHAsA) in 1 mmol/L SA-treated fruit was 39%, 61%, and 55% higher than that in controls at the midpoint of storage, the end of storage and after 3 days of shelf life, respectively. The reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in SA treated-fruit was 68% higher than that in controls at the midpoint of storage. Ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in SA-treated fruit were significantly greater than those in controls during cold storage. The effect of SA on alleviating chilling injury of peaches during cold storage may be related to its ability to induce antioxidant systems .

  植物生理科学

  The Diurnal Change of Net Photosynthetic Rate and Physiological-ecological Factors of Photosynthetic “Midday Depression” in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Shu Yingjie, Zhou Yuli,Yu Jihua 2006, 22 (9):  225-225.  Abstract + ( 1596 )   The diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and physiological-ecological factors of photosynthetic “midday depression” in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) were studied. The results showed that, the diurnal changes of Pn of leaves in eggplant showed a double peak curve (there was a significant “midday depression” at noon), whether of Erming or Kuaiyuan; seedling stage, flowering stage, or fruits growing stage; top leaves, middle part leaves or bottom leaves. But the extent and the time of midday depression were different. The stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiratory rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and air CO2 concentration (Ca) of eggplant leave were decreased when midday depression was happened, but photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and leaf temperature (TL) were maximum. The reasons of midday depression of eggplant leaves were stomatal factors.

  Preliminary Research on the Effects of Chloride Application on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tobacco Plants Wang Shaoxian,, Li Zaijun, Xu Yanfen, Xia shitou, Wang Yong, Zhou Wenhui, Wang Xueyun 2006, 22 (9):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different chloride treatment on photosynthetic characteristics as well as the indexes of the biggest leave of tobacco plants K326. The results show that plant photosynthesis increases with the chloride application dosage but the efficiency will decrease after the application dosage reaches to a certain amount. Application of 45kg ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) per hectare is found to be the best treatment.

  Physiological Effect of Different Concentration Exogenous Salicylic Acid on the Cold-resistance of Nectarine Pistil at Low Temperature Qi Xiudong, Liu Yanfang 2006, 22 (9):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   Nectarine flowers were cultivated with 0, 5, 15, 25, 45, 80mg/L exogenous salicylic acid (SA) liquid in zero temperature. The results showed that: pistil shape of nectarine flowers was destroyed seriously, electrolyte exosmosis rate and the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) decreased. Treated with 5~80mg/L SA, destroyer of nectarine flowers were faint, electrolyte exosmosis rate and the content of MDA decreased obviously. Treatments with 5~25mg/L SA resulted the activity of SOD increased, but 45~80mg/L SA made it decreased obviously. Activity of POD was higher only at 25mg/L. The best effect concentration in all of the treatments was 25mg/L SA.

  土壤肥料科学

  The Application of Hierarchical Cluster on Balance Fertilization of Tobacco Shen Xiaotian, Chen Yiqiang, Liu Guoshun, Jie Xiaolei, Hu Huanxin, Cheng Yuyuan, Yang Yun, Jia Miao 2006, 22 (9):  236-236.  Abstract + ( 1789 )   Balance fertilization is required to accommodate plants with enough nutrients according to different soil and different crops. Their might be too many fertilizer prescriptions based on balance fertilization because of the difference of nutrients in different soil, and this is very difficult to put in practice. So it is urgent to seek a scientific and simple method to guide the decision making of fertilizer prescriptions in practice. In our study, 171 soil samples collected from tobacco growing areas in Nanyang county of Henan province were analyzed by the method of hierarchical cluster. The result showed that they were classified into 15 clusters, and the following analysis of ANOVA showed the differences between clusters are significant. Comparing the Mean and Std. D of every cluster’s nutrients value to the critical of soil nutrients in tobacco growing area, we put up 15 suggestions of fertilization according to 15 clusters, and selected 5 clusters which had more than 10 samples to prove the suggestions. The result showed that the prescriptions of fertilization according to hierarchical cluster analysis and balance fertilization are effective.

  P Releasing Mechanism of PRs and Agricultural Effect in Acid Soils Wang Daizhang,, Hu Hongqing, Li Xueyuan 2006, 22 (9):  242-242.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   The direct applications of PRs in three acid soils by Sorghum seeding and the incubation test mixed with PRs were investigated. It indicated Sorghum seeding severely appeared symptoms of P deficiency without application of P fertilizer. The fertilizer efficiency of PRs, except for JX-PR, was more efficient than that of SSP in comparison to application of 50 mg/kg SSP. The fertilizer efficiency of four PRs was NPR > MPR > HJP-PR > JX-PR, which was in according with 2% CA extractable P and with the increasing amount of soil effective P. Seeding dry matter was linear relationship with soil effective P. The amount of SiO2 and CaO in PRs had impact on its direct application.

  Root Growth, Fiber Yield and Quality for Difference Potassium Efficiency Ramie Genotypes under Lower Potassium Stress Li Liangyong,, Cui Guoxian, Zou Ximing, Liu Feng 2006, 22 (9):  246-246.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   Four ramie genotypes (Boehmeria nivea L.) were used in this study, two of them were high efficiency while the other two were low. Pot experiment and laboratory analysis were conducted. We investigated root growth characteristics, fiber yield and quality for different potassium efficiency ramie genotypes under lower potassium stress, and founded that the lower potassium stress led to decrease in shoot biomass, hindered root growth, decreased root absorption surface area and cation exchange capacity. Under lower potassium stress, the high efficiency ramie genotypes had higher growth potential (higher relative root dry weight, relative rootlet dry weight, relative root total and active absorb surface area), and higher relative fiber yield, decreased the negative effect of lower potassium stress on fiber quality validly.

  The Research of Different Fertilization Impact on Soil Fertility and Yield of Crop Fruits Yang Hefa, Xie Yongli, Fan Jufang, Li Ji 2006, 22 (9):  250-250.  Abstract + ( 1457 )   The influence of different fertilization impact on soil fertility and yield of crop fruits were studied for four years. Results indicated that in using organic fertilizer, contents of organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphor in the soil of arable layer (0~20cm) increased by 1.032%、0.059% and 0.033%; and that in using organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer increased by 0.593%、0.031% and 0.023%; and that in using chemical fertilizer increased by 0.224%、0.012% and 0.007%. The difference of the influence of different fertilization impact on yield of crop fruits were not prominence.

  目次

  Effect of Cake Fertilizer on Some Microelements Absorption in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves Liu Guo-shun, Wang Fang, Wei Feng-jie, Yang Yongfeng, WeiYue-wei, Guo Qiao-yan, Yang Chao 2006, 22 (9):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   Through pot-experiment, we discussed the effect of cake fertilizer on some microelements of iron, copper, boron, manganese and zinc absorption in flue-cured tobacco middle leaves of K326. The results showed that the contents of iron, boron, manganese and zinc were highly significant difference between treatments A and E, B and E, C and E. There was no significant difference among the contents of all the five microelements. The contents of iron, boron, and manganese had the highest value on the forty leaf age. Zinc had the highest content on fifty leaf age, but it had little difference with the content of forty leaf age. The contents of iron and zinc were increased in the beginning, and then became lower. The contents of boron and manganese were increased in the beginning, then became lower, and then came to the highest, turn to lower at last. The content of copper had opposite change with these microelements. It reduced at beginning, then increased, and reduced at last.

  土壤肥料科学

  Study on Comprehensive Utilization Efficiency of Reducing Fertilizer Nitrogen for Rice Zhou Jiangming, Yu huabo, Mao Jianfen 2006, 22 (9):  260-260.  Abstract + ( 1254 )   Through our investigation on the amount of N fertilization in Jiangshan single season later-rice production, we have found that average rate of N application per hectare was 240kg in 2004, over the average rate of China. So rice cost of production was high and N-fertilizer use efficiency was low. Furthermore, environmental pollution by nitrogen leaching or runoff from rice fields has become a serious concern, rate from investigation with it has been reduced from 10%~30%, and were used to study yields of rice, quality of rice, N-fertilizer use efficiency and N loss rates in 2005.The result showed that compared with custom of farmers used N-fertilization, rice yields increased about 27% with the N-fertilization reduced from 15%~25%. N-fertilizer use efficiency changed in the range of 20.7%~46.9% with the amount of N-fertilization applied, the more the N used, the lower N-fertilizer use efficiency. N loss rates and the amount of N-fertilization applied kept same step, N loss rates per hectare changed in the range of 32.1kg~80.1kg, the more the N used, the more N loss rates, and nitrite content of rice too. It shows that many farmers use excessive N rates in single season later-rice production. We should reduce it.

  Advance on Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Winter Wheat with High Yield Ye Youliang, Han Yanlai, Wang Wenliang, Huang Yufang 2006, 22 (9):  264-264.  Abstract + ( 1565 )   With the application of high productive varieties and improvement of cultural practice, the wheat output are increasing, the area of high yield wheat and super high yield wheat are expanding in China, and it plays an important role for food safety. However, the proportion of high yield wheat is small, and the yield potential of high yield varieties was not realized. Nitrogen is the most important investment in wheat production, and affects wheat yield and quality significantly. Average nitrogen consumption on wheat was 153.45 kg/hm2 in 2004, the total amount reached 3.385′106 tons, which account for 14.93% of total nitrogen consumption in China. Due to lack scientific method, big difference existed between various area and different farms, the nitrogen recovery efficiency was very low, and it affected environment safety progressively. This paper reviewed the present production of winter wheat with high yield and nitrogen fertilizer application, discussed wheat nitrogen requirement characteristics, technology of nitrogen fertilizer application, and soil fertility status, and raised some proposals for future research.

  形式审查通过

  The Experiment of Appling Two Brand Biological Foliar Fertilizer to the TEA Garden of New TEA Variety Qin Xiuju, Luo Xiaomei, Cheng Guanwen, Qiu Yongjuan, Deng Huiqun 2006, 22 (9):  268-268.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   Two brand biological foliar fertilizer application to guixiang 22 tea garden can increase the amino acid content of tea leaves by 22.5% and 31.6%, improve tea quality obviously. The fragrance of tea is high and excellence. The tea flavor is sweet, and the yield exceeds that of the contrast tea garden. One of the seven products which were made from the fresh leaves in the guixiang 22 tea garden won gold medal in the fifth “Guicha” cup top grade tea competition. Three of them carried a complete line of the silver cup in the first “Guilv” cup of Guangxi.

  土壤肥料科学

  Preliminary Study about formulated fertilizer in Chinese Traditional Medicine Cultivated of Shangluo City Zhang Xiaohu 2006, 22 (9):  272-272.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   Based on the analysis of five soil nutrients (organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace minerals) in Shangluo City, the obviously problems on the Chinese Traditional Medicine Cultivated of Shangluo is scientific Fertilization link. The formulated fertilizer technology, which can help to make our Chinese Traditional Medicin more good agricultural practice, and the Content and Implementation of formulated fertilizer were preliminary studied.

  Preliminary Study on Effect of Applying Sludge on Peanut Zhang Xiang, Guo Zhongyi, Huangpu Xiangrong, Mao Jiawei, Sun Chunhe 2006, 22 (9):  281-281.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   A field trial was carried out to study the influence of sludge application on yield and quality of peanut, soil fertility and heavy metal content in soil and peanut. The result showed that applying sludge 7500~3000kg/hm2 could increase the yield of peanut by 6.3%~15.8% based on no sludge application, and the yield of peanut increased as the sludge application rates increased. Applying sludge had positive effect on improving the quality of peanut, keeping and improving soil fertility. According to analysis of the heavy metal content in soil and peanut, there was no obvious difference between sludge application treatment and no sludge treatment. That indicated that the crop and soil were not polluted by heavy metal in sludge application.

  园艺园林科学

  The Advance on Research of Zantedeschia Zhou di, Wu li-fang 2006, 22 (9):  284-284.  Abstract + ( 1319 )   The research advance on botanical characteristics, classification, micropropagation, planting, breeding, disease control and tuber storage, as well as regulation of flower of Zantedeschia were reviewed in the paper. The status of production of Zantedeschia in the world was summarized.

  Advance in Plant Genetic Transformation of Cucurbitaceae Lin Yizhang, Luo Yanhua, Lin Biying, Huang Xi 2006, 22 (9):  291-291.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   Many fruit vegetables are included in Cucurbitaceae, and the genetic transformation of quality reformation and delayed maturity is import. At present, regeneration system of cotyledons, hypocotyls, and stems, protoplasts and cotyledons codes have been established among Cucurbitaceae. There are several methods of transformation, such as agrobacteria – medidated genetic, particle gun, pollen tube passage, DNA soaking, ovary embryonary sac injection. Transgenic is tending to antivirotic and delayed maturity. Selection marker used often is NPT II. This paper mainly summarizes above-mentioned aspects and discussing the influence factor and problem in transformation.

  Study on the Rules of Hot Pepper’s Fruit Growth Zhujiao No.11 Jiang Jun,, Wei Yinchu, Hu Yingbei, Xu Yuping 2006, 22 (9):  297-297.  Abstract + ( 1571 )   The systematic research was conducted on the Zhujiao No.11 fruit′s growth. The result shows that the Zhujiao No.11fruit′s growth present “S” type curvilinear motion , growing amount increase the parabola presenting type its day. It need about 63 days from blooming to ripe fruit, the greatest growing amount appears on the 19th day after the flower. The fruit gradually transform color to 58day after the flower, can gather physiology ripe fruit 64 day after the flower, 15~43 days are the growth period rapidly of fruit after the flower, it is the key period deter mining the yield . The plants should be added to organic fertilizer and adjusted measures, etc, in time with production . Make the fruit fully expand, help to increase the yield, gather the fruit in time according to market demand at the same time , coordinate the competition relation of nutrition, guarantee to get bumper yield and have a bumper harvest.

  Advances on Germplasm Research and Utilization of Welsh Onion (Allium Fistulosum L.) Liang Yanrong,, Jiang Wei, Zhang Yingli, Zhang Shaoying, Chen Chunmei 2006, 22 (9):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1439 )   The germplasm research on welsh onion was reviewed in the paper, which included origin and distribution of welsh onion, conservation, classification of germplasm, genetic diversity based on morphology, cytology, protein and molecular level and utilization of germplasm(yield constitutes, quality disease resistance and varieties breeding). The future research field of welsh onion in China was also discussed.

  Study on Interspecific Hybridization Compatibility of Cucurbita Zhi Haiying, Ma Hailong, Han Hongyan, Fan Sanhong 2006, 22 (9):  307-307.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   In this experiment, 29 materials of three main cultivars in Cucurbita were crossed. The results showed that C. pepo was only suit to be male parent in carrying out interspecific hybridization with C. moschata or C. maxima. There were some compatible differences in different female materials of C. moschata or C. maxima, including setting percentage, seed single fruit, seed development stage and having embryo fruit rate and variations of C. pepo could freely cross to fuse target characters since they didn’t have procreating segregant. Trails showed that the best pollination time was in A.M 6:30-8:30,cultivation techniques of fly net covering in the whole course and slinging vine could improve fruit rate and lengthen embryo development time, which improved compatibility of Cucurbita interspecific hybridization.

  食品科学

  Effects of Calcium and Boron Nutrient on Quality and Storage of Longan Fruit Wei Jianfeng, Liang He, Wei Dongping, He Yanwen, Sun Chuanzhi 2006, 22 (9):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1648 )   Effects of Ca and B nutrient on quality and storage of longan fruit were discussed under the condition of lacking of boron nutrient in soil, and spraying three times on leaves and fruits with 1%CaCl2, 0.2%H3BO3, 1%CaCl2+0.2%H3BO3 solutions and water(CK) respectively during the developmental stage of longan aril. The results showed that both 0.2%H3BO3 and 1%CaCl2+0.2%H3BO3 spray had significantly increased B content, shape, weight, edible portion and sugar content in fruits. However, the effect of 0.2%H3BO3 treatment on quality was better than 1%CaCl2+0.2%H3BO3 treatment. Moreover, both the two treatments had increased healthy fruit rate, decreased fruit weight lose rate and inhibited changing speed of nutrition of flesh during storage. 1%CaCl2 spray had obviously increased content of Ca in fruits, defer postharvest senescence of fruit, but not significantly influenced on quality of longan fruit.

  园艺园林科学

  A Study on the Liquid Spawn Culture Conditions of Pleurotus nebrodensis Li Zhengpeng, Wei FengJuan, Wu Ping, Lu XiaoMing 2006, 22 (9):  315-315.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   The appropriate medium and culture conditions of Pleurotus nebrodensis liquid spawn were studied in this paper. The results showed that the optimal composition of the medium: sucrose 2.0%, corn powder 3.0%, peptone 0.2%, wheat bran 4.0%, KH2PO4 0.3%, MgSO4?7H2O 0.1%, CaSO4 0.1%；And the optimal culture conditions: Shaking rate 150r/min, initial pH6.5, inoculation rate 10%, volume 100ml/250ml and culture day 6d.

  Analysis on the Genetic Correlation among Quantitative Characters in Tumorous Stem Mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen et Lee) Liu Yihua, Leng Rong, Zhang Zhaorong, Gao Mingquan, Zhang Jianhong 2006, 22 (9):  318-318.  Abstract + ( 1526 )   23 tumorous stem mustard local varieties were used to analyze heredity correlation and the heredity correlation contribution of 15 quantities characters by means of genetic design of one factor. The results showed that most character heredity correlation coefficients was bigger than the phenotype correlation coefficients, also the direction was basically consistent. Tumorous stem yield was only significantly hereditarily positively correlated with vegetative duration, developmental duration, ratio of stem and leaf, horizontal length and whole plant fresh weight, negatively fur percentage and tumorous stem index. There were close relation and harmonies among the quantities characters that were significantly hereditarily correlated with tumorous stem yield. High yield breeding combining with strong ecological adaptability and good quality should be largely based on later maturity, tumorous stem diameter, whole plant weight and higher ratio of stem and leaf. Heredity correlation contribution were higher for vegetative duration, developmental duration, ratio of stem and leaf, horizontal length and tumorous stem yield, lower for leaf width, emergence to developing beginning, vertical length, leaf length, and hollow heart percentage, etc. It was possible to cause more significant variation of other traits if the former was selected.

  Studies on the Changes of Some Main Nutritional Components in Hwangkumbae Pear during Maturation Xue Xiaomin, Zhang Yuxing, Wang Jinzheng, Zhang Anning 2006, 22 (9):  321-321.  Abstract + ( 1694 )   The growth curves of fruit length and breadth were “double S” shapes in Hwangkumbae pear. Cell division would not stop until about 30 days after blossom, the fruit growing depended on the growth of cell volume mainly when cell stopped splitting. The contents of main nutritional components, including soluble sugar, titratable acid, vitamin C, starch and so on, changed regularly. The content of soluble sugar showed the trends of increasing, titratable acid content declined gradually. The change of Vitamin C was shown as “down-up-down”, starch content as parabola shape. With the development of fruit, the content of soluble solid increased and the fruit firmness decreased.

  Comparison of the Different Types of Subsoil for Planting Zoysia matrelia Li Xiuqin, Zhang Guobin 2006, 22 (9):  325-325.  Abstract + ( 1204 )   Four kinds of different subsoil - paddy soil, original soil, yellow soil and silt soil were used to plant Zoysia matrelia lawn in the paper. Weed species, individual plants, lawn landscape, resistance and lawn management were used to evaluate above four kinds of subsoil. The result indicated that the yellow soil has fewer weed species, better lawn landscape, higher resistance to disease and drought resistance and low management cost.

  目次

  Inheritance of Haustorium of Puccinia Striiformis in Wheat Feng Jing, Guo Qinggang, Wang Haihong, Sun Jian, Zhang Zhongjun 2006, 22 (9):  328-328.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   Haustorium is the only organ formed by Puccinia striiformis in cells of wheat. In order to identify the inheritance of haustorium in durable resistant cultivars, three durable resistant cultivars, Aquillija (AQ), Libellula (LB), Xian Nong 4 (XN) and one susceptible cultivar Ming Xian 169 (MX) were studied. The crosses of MX×AQ, LB×XN and AQ×XN, including F1, F2, and backcrosses (BCp1 and BCp2) populations, were made. The number of haustorium in unit area of hypae was recorded after inoculating and sampling. The results showed that the number of haustorium of P. striiformis in AQ and LB was 44.2/mm2 and 23.74/mm2 respectively. But there was no difference with the number of hastorium of the pathogen between XN (89.83/mm2) and MX (102.02/mm2), which indicated that XN had no resistance to haustorium. The inheritance of haustorium of yellow rust in the durable resistance cultivars was recessive, the degree of dominance was -0.47~-1.83. There were 1~2 genes which controlled the number of haustorium. The scaling test showed that additive effect was accepted for the inheritance of haustorium in MX×AQ. The heritability was about 68%, which was higher than others. However, based on analysis of scaling test, there was no additive and dominance model adequate for LB×XN and AQ×XN, and their heritability were lower.

  植物保护科学

  Recent Advances in Inheritance of Cytoplasmic Effects on Crop Resistance to Diseases and Insect Pests Huang Derun, Shen Junhui, Liu Guangjie, Wu Can 2006, 22 (9):  333-333.  Abstract + ( 1203 )   The present paper summarized the methodologies used to study the inheritance of cytoplasmic effects on crop resistance to disease and insect pests. The recent advances in cytoplasmic effects on performance and mechanisms of rice resistance to disease and insect pests, performance of wheat, maize and other crops’ resistance were reviewed. The status and feasibility of utilizing elite cytoplasmic resources in crop breeding for resistance to disease and insect pests were further discussed.

  植物保护

  Application Research of Vegetable Disease of H2O2 in Protected Ground Zhao Yanmin,, Feng Xuezan, Zhang Wanjun, Feng Wei, 2006, 22 (9):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 1717 )   At present, in safety production of vegetable, the large dosage of pesticide forced the fastness of plant diseases and insect, killed many natural enemies and polluted environment, meanwhile it also menaced the health of human. The efficacy of medical disinfector H2O2 prevented disease of vegetable had researched in protected ground in this paper. The results indicated that 0.6% H2O2 was effective to control powdery mildew of cucumber. The incidence of powdery mildew of cucumber drop to 24.54% after used it. Compared with 0.5% Triadimefon, Its efficacy reached 67.94%. In addition, the efficiency of H2O2 was correlated to the times of use. Based on the results of experiment, the paper suggested we should spray twice 0.6% H2O2 and then one time 0.5% Triadimefon to reduce the dosage of chemical and the pollution of environment. The research had provided a new kind of measure for the disease prevention of vegetable safety production in protected ground of north of China.

  植物保护科学

  A Long-term Movement Pattern and Sustainable Control of Rodents in Field Wang Enguo, Xu Jianzhang, Jiang Shangjun 2006, 22 (9):  341-341.  Abstract + ( 1261 )   Based on the monitoring of population number of rodents in field from 1985—2004 in Linhai, Zhejiang province, population characteristics of rodent composition in field were reviewed. The results showed that population fluctuation submit S pattern of rodent in field in the last more than two decades. And the population numbers of rodent experienced four phases: up-peak-down-bottom and a long-term movement pattern of rodent in field were shown as well. It was established that model to simulate the long-term population fluctuation: Y（t）=22.8818/（1+0.1038e0.2219X）， X={1，2，3，……，n}.The sustainable control of rodent pest were proposed as “on the basis of taking the ecological control, the protection and application of predator such as prohibiting anyone from catching snake and yellow weasel as the main measure, extension of the rodent infestation surveillance and rodent pest control as the key measure, and improve poisoning and classification control and so on. The application area reached 80400 hm2 and kept the rodent density under 3% level from 2000 to 2004.and the rodent damage in these regions were effectively controlled. The notable social, ecological and economic benefits have been obtained in agriculture.

  The Report of Investigation on Disease and Judgment of Pathogen about QiantangIII Fruit Sugarcane. Yi Daiyong, Lei Chaoyun, Li Xianyong, zhang Yicheng, Xie Huijue 2006, 22 (9):  346-346.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   In recent years, Qiantang III fruit sugar cane emerged some diseases during production every year. The serious infected sugarcane fields diseases have to probe into this cure technique , we have made an investigation and judgment on Qiantang III fruit sugarcane .We mainly passaged to observe many sugarcane fields and knew, Then made a common research way of flant diseases, Filst, We synthe ticly analyzed organizing PDA chltvation to steritized dvseases separating pathogene apprise ment by mirror etc. and found six diseases, Pellicularia sasakii(shirai)I to and Cochliobolus stenospilus (Drech). Mat. And yam and Mycovellosiella koepkei (krüer) serious harm plant. We introduced six diseases harm symptoms in plant and feature of pathogen and characteristic, advanced five countermeasures of prevention and cure.

  植物保护

  Recent Advances on the Bio-control of Postharvest Diseases Qiu Yisi, Yu li 2006, 22 (9):  351-351.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   This article provides an overview of the biocontrol on the post-harvest diseases of garden stuff in recent decades. Researches of utilization of natural plant products, mixed-agents and screening antagonists in vivo have become hot topics. Antagonists from in-vivo-screening are adaptable and can easily colonize the plants; Mixed-agents can reduce the dosage of fungicides, and, control the diseases well. Several common methods to screen antagonists are summarized and the bio-control mechanisms are described in this paper.

  植物保护科学

  Study on disease of Heze Peony in Changsha and Screening Fungicides for Control Yi Tuyong, Lv Changping, Li Lu 2006, 22 (9):  356-356.  Abstract + ( 1655 )   We studied the peony disease which planted in the Hunan Changsha, and found that the main diseases of peony in Hunan were peony grey mildew, Peony brown spot, Peony red spot disease, Peony branch-rot disease and peony root-rot disease. We found that there was a peak between June and August with rainfall amount increase through system investigation. Through medicament screening in disk, we found Mancozeb and Prochloraz can inhibit these pathogen growths effectively.

  Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria B21 against Botrytis cinerea Qi Aiyong,, Wei Dongsheng, Liu Daqun, Zhang Ting 2006, 22 (9):  360-360.  Abstract + ( 1494 )   The bacterium strain B21 isolated from leaves could strongly inhibit the growth of Botrytis cinerea. According to its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, sequence analysis of 16S rDNA showed that strain B21 shared 99.93% homology with published sequence of B. subtilis (accession number: AY172513). In the phylogenetic tree, both of strain B21 and B. subtilis were on the same branch, which showed that strain B21 was closely related with B. subtilis. Therefore, bacterial strain B21 was identified as B. subtilis.

  Inhibitory Effect of Active Substance of Laurencia Nipponica Yamada on Pathogenic Bacillus of Agaricus blazei Murril Lin Yong, Zheng Yi, Lin XinJian 2006, 22 (9):  364-364.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   The antimicrobial test and researched was done on wide distillation of different solvents on Terpenoid, polarity separation of ethanol distillable substance, thin layer chromatography of different polarities and distillation of amylase. The results showed that the active substance distilled by 95% ethanol and V methanol: toluene=3:1 had stronger antimicrobial activity on Agaricus blazei Murrill. The antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate was stronger than wide distilling substance with ethanol, but the water part has not antimicrobial effect. Two straps of ethyl acetate phase（Rf0.57、Rf0.63）(0.1g/ml)had stronger antimicrobial activity on Agaricus blazei Murrill, the antimicrobial zone on Pseudomonas was 19.3mm. The bacteriostatic activity of chromatography strap of water phase was rather weaker, the water solution (0.5g/g) of amylase had better effect on pathogenic fungus of Agaricus blazei Murrill, its antimicrobial zone on Aspergillus niger, Citrinin, Trichoderma viride were 10.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 5.3 mm.

  Lethal Effect of High Temperature on the Pupae of the Leafminer Fly, Liriomyza sativae Bai Yichuan, Gu Xishu, Hu Xuexiong, Xu Weihong, Liu Xiaolin 2006, 22 (9):  368-368.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   The effects of high temperature and time combinations were tested on the rate of emergence of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard. The corrected mortality rate was 67.2% at 50℃ after 2 h treatment. The mortality rate at 44℃ for 2 h was close to 50℃. Others treatment had significant difference compared to 50℃. No adult was emergence at the treated of 50℃ for 4hours, 48℃ for 24hours and 40-46℃ for 72hours, that indicating the temperature and period had a direct effect on the mortality of pupae. Field experiments showed that no adult was emerged when treated by high- temperature windtight shed for 5-7days, and markedly reduced the population of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard.

  Monitoring on Carbendazim-resistance of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Obtained from the Blight Stems of Rape in Anhui Province Qi Yongxia, Chen Fangxin, Su Xianyan, Ding Kejian, Yu Jie, Jiang Maosheng 2006, 22 (9):  371-371.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   The sensitivity of 60 isolates obtained from the blight stems of rape in Anhui province to carbendazim were tested in vitro. The results showed that 18 carbendazim-resistance isolates were found among them from 10 localities in Anhui province, but the proportion of the carbendazim-resistance isolates from 10 localities varied with the highest ratio 66.7% in Mongcheng and the lowest 9.1% in Taihu. The results also indicated that THS-1 obtained from Taihu has the highest resistance to carbendazim, with the EC50 value 743.8347mg/L. It suggested that the pathogen causing rape sclerotiniose in Anhui province had developed high resistance to carbendazim.

  Control Effects of 0.3% Total Alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. on Aphis sp. in Field Li Yuekun, Mi Haili, Zhang Xiyan, Cao Youlong，Sun Weinian 2006, 22 (9):  374-374.  Abstract + ( 1901 )   Aqueous solution of 0.3% total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides was used to control Aphis sp. in Field of three areas. The results showed that the control effect of the solution diluting 800 times was better than the one diluting 1000 times. The effect was up to 90% in 7 days after the application in all three areas, and the effective duration delayed for 15 days. It was safe to wolfberry and could increase the yield of wolfberry compared with CK. It could be recognized the ideal bio-rational pesticide against the Aphis sp..

  Determination of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae Resistance to Metalaxyl Li Meiyun, Zhu Mingliang 2006, 22 (9):  377-377.  Abstract + ( 1580 )   To control tobacco black shank disease rationally, reduce resistance, 34 strains of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae were isolated from 6 region of Yunnan province and all isolates were determined their resistance to metalaxyl. The results indicated that of all tested isolates, there were 12 high resistance, 5 middle resistance and 17 low resistance isolates respectively. The islates fungicide resistance from different region was different obviously, the highest resistant isolate come from Wenshan and Yuxi region, Zhaotong and Qujing isolates had the lowest resistance among all tested isolates. The evident disparity of high-resistance, mid-resistance and low-resistance isolates ratio was exist at different region. 113# from Chuxiong Shuangbai was the highest metalaxyl resistant isolate,and the lowest resistance isolate 218# come from Weishanof Dali. The EC50 of 34 Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae isolates against metalaxyl was 0.0148μg/ml in average, was in the range of 0~0.053μg/ml.

  A Study on the Effect of 41% Yibingcao-you to Exterminate Weeds in Pennisetum Field Liu Guibo, Xie Nan, Zhao Haiming, Qiao Renfu 2006, 22 (9):  380-380.  Abstract + ( 1666 )   Adopting small plot experiment in the field, an efficacy of killing miscellaneous weeds by applying 41% Yibingcao-you in summer Pennisetum field were studied. The results showed that 41% Yibingcao-you were very effective to prevent and exterminate misecellaneous weeds in Pennisetum Field, but a little disadvantage to the growth of Pennisetum. In considering the ration of both the cost decreased and the grass safety, it is the best way to prevent and exterminate miscellaneous weeds that spraying 41% Yibingcao-you of 2.250L/hm2 diluted with water evenly over the field in 6 days after grass seeds sowed.

  Biology and Ecology of the Wolf Spider Lycose himalayaensis Gravely Zhang Fuping , Chen Zhilan ,Zhou Xiaoying 2006, 22 (9):  383-383.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   The biology and ecology of the wolf spider were studied by field and laboratory observation. In the experiment, as expected, the spider over wintered with spider lings and adults. It had 2~3 generations each year in LinZhi region.The duration of the 3rd generation was the longest, and that of 2nd generation was the shortest. The spiders began to move into the barley field from the farm land at the beginning of May. In both laboratory and field, the wolf spider had the habit of making burrows and making web bags after the 4th in star during the mating and egg-sac carrying period. Observed by the author, the wolf spider usually is a wanderer and it also can step or jump on the crop, land on the ground and water surface, and even move under water when frightened. The quantity of predation depended on its instar, frequency of ecdysis and gender. Female and male mated several times without cannibalistic behavior. The mean hatching rate of eggs was about89.8%.Females usually have a strong ability to protect their egg-sacs by carrying it in front of thorax when encountering an attacker As expected, the hatched spiderlings made their way safely to the mother's back in aggregation mode. Four to seven days later, they left their mother, dispersed, and attacked prey. Before getting out of the egg-sac, the spiderlings had molted one time at least. Spiderlings matured after molting6~7times. The average of their pre-oviposition period was about5d(3~7d). The oviposition period was11~17d(14davg.). The spiderling stage was 65~142d (98.6davg.). The adult period was 112~168d (115davg.).But the average period of adult female was longer by 34.6d (20~45d)than that of adult male. The sex ratios of female to male were greater than one in all generations except the first. The courtship and mating behaviors of the adult spiders and characteristics of the instars and sub-adult spiders are described in detail in this paper. The surroundings adaptability of the wolf spider is strong and its survival rate from spiderling to maturity was about18.4%~51.3%(31.8%avg.). Its starvation capability is strong too in the laboratory under humidity condition and it survived about36.5d(23~52d) without feeding.

  The Effect of Colonizing Factors for Trichoderma on Tomato Leaf Surface Wang Qian 2006, 22 (9):  387-387.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   The trial is mainly about factors (such as temperature, illumination and so on) which affected colonizing of Trichoderma on leaf surface. The results showed that temperature and illumination were major factors which affected colonizing of Trichoderma on leaf surface. The maximum temperature rang was 25~30℃ for Trichoderma colonization on tomato leaf surface. Continuous illumination was benefit to colonization of Trichoderma on leaf surface, however no much affection of humidity was found on the Trichoderma colonization. There was little affection of chemical fungicide 75% mancozeb on colonizing ability of Trichoderma when the fungicide was sprayed on the leaf surface as compared with other fungicides. It was available to weaken the exclusion of orginal microflora to biocontrol agent, and then improve the biocontrol efficiency of Trichoderma sp against grey mold on leaf surface by adjusting the concentration of applied fungicide on the leaf surface.

  生态农业科学

  Strategic Thinking about the Eco-ecological Mode of Beijing Miyun Reservoir Zhou Liandi, Hu Yanxia, Yan Maochao, Dong Xiaobin, Wu Zhiqiang, Wei Changshan 2006, 22 (9):  390-390.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   The goal of the sustainable development of the Miyun reservoir is to achieve water conserving and economic developing simultaneously, so it is important to study the feasible eco-ecological mode of the Miyun reservoir. According to the developing programming of Beijing, growing experience and the actual situation and future aim of Miyun county, this paper puts forward the sustainable mode called one circle, four strips and three circulations, which means to construct the sustainable circle centering Miyun reservoir, constitute four eco-ecological strips named as ecology conserving, rural sight-seeing tour, characteristic industry, product processing for increment, and construct circular mode of material energy and economy in-out side of four strips, form reasonable energy rank. Also, some suggestion about key technique (green and blue) and strategic countermeasure (governmental management and ecological compensation) of the mode function was presented.

  生态农业科学。

  The Construction and Development Strategy of Ecological Agriculture in Anhui Province ?Hu Wenhai 2006, 22 (9):  395-395.  Abstract + ( 1705 )   Anhui is an agricultural province. The ecological agriculture plays a major part in the construction of environmental-friendly province and new socialistic countryside. The paper analyses the advantages and main restrictive factors, and points out that the environmental-friendly agriculture should be planned as a whole and directed according to its classification, adhering to the combination of a comprehensive construction and a key breakthrough and integration of modern agricultural scientific technology and essence of traditional agriculture and harmonious development of economy, society and environment. It also discusses the construction layout and key points in the following five basic kinds of ecological areas: Huaibai Plane, Jianghuai hilly Area, Plane Area along Changjiang River, Dabieshan Mountainous Area in West Anhui. Finally the paper puts forward the developing strategy: (1) promoting ecological culture and the construction of capability; (2) perfecting the policy and legal system; (3) Increasing investment; (4) suiting measures to the local conditions and planning scientifically; (5) quickening development by science and technology.

  生态农业科学

  SWOT Analysis of Ecotourism Industry in Zipeng Mountain National Forest Park Ren Ping 2006, 22 (9):  400-400.  Abstract + ( 1990 )   This paper analyzes detailedly the strength, the weakness, the opportunities and the threats of the ecotourism industry in Zipeng mountain national forest park with SWOT analysis method, include the strength of its position, animal resources, vegetation resources, climate and exploitation potential, the rise of ecotourism industry, the ecological engineering implementation, scarcity of professional, low management level and with low service level, etc. This paper also tables some proposals about developing ecotourism industry in Zipeng mountain national forest park based on the analysis, whish mostly comprise paying equal attention on the conservation and exploitation, the forest tourism resources exploitation, the ecotourism product exploitation, enlarging the propaganda, training and introducing professional, improving management quality, raising the service level, perfecting infrastructural construction in Zipeng mountain national forest park, and so on.

  农业资源与环境科学

  The Effect of Stress Resistant and Yield Increasing Medium 10 on Growth and Metabolism of Maize Young Seedling under Stress of Drought and Chilling Wang Daolong, Zhong Xiuli, Zhao Peng, Yan Xuyu, Su Changhong 2006, 22 (9):  404-404.  Abstract + ( 1362 )   Foliar application with stress-resistant and yield-increasing medium 10 (abbreviated as SR-10) to 3-leafed young seedlings of maize promoted the fresh weight, height, and net photosynthetic rate under double stress of drought and chilling (DSDC). SR-10 treatment also increased dark respiration, apparent quantum yield, decreased stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration. Furthermore, SR-10 treatment led to reduction in chlorophyll a fluorescence quantum yields, while increased photochemical efficiencies and potential activity of PSII. The data presented in this paper suggested that increased net photosynthetic rate induced by SR-10 under DSDC might be associated with induction of protective mechanism.

  Research on Copper and Cadmium Uptake and Tolerance in Different Rice Varieties Song A-lin,Lou Yun-sheng,Liang Yong-chao 2006, 22 (9):  408-408.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   Seven rice varieties were used as material, the Cu, Cd uptake characteristic difference of seven kinds of ripe in Cu, Cd contamination water was studied with greenhouse pot cultivation experiment. The results showed that shanyou63 which is of high accumulation rice breeding is sensitivive to heavy metal; wuyujing3 hao is of lower accumulation and is relatively less sensitive.

  Study on Adsorption and Desorption Properties of Lead in Garden Soil Hong Chunlai, , Jia Yanbo, Yang Xiao’e, Wei Youzhang 2006, 22 (9):  412-412.  Abstract + ( 1521 )   In this paper, the adsorption and desorption properties of Lead in Jiaxing Garden Soil was studied. The result shows that Pb adsorption isotherms of tested soil are significantly fit for the esothermal equations of Freundlish, Langmuir and Temkin. The maximum Lead absorptive capacity of the soil is 14285 mg/kg. The Pb desorption was linearly related to the adsorption.

  目次

  Estimation of Cropland Pollution in China and Advisable Approaches for Its Prevention and Cure Yang Zhengli 2006, 22 (9):  415-415.  Abstract + ( 1226 )   It is an important requirement to prevent and remedy the cropland pollution for the sustainable development of agriculture, the safety of agro-products, and the security of ecological environment in China. The CPC shows the tendency of increase of pollutants, expansion and complication of deterioration, so as to augment the difficulty of its prevention and cure. The CPC shows both the totally deterioration and partially improvement, and it is more and more difficult to change and prevent the worsening overall situation of CPC, though it may be controlled. The pollution is quite different from region to region, from cropland to cropland and from sector to sector, so that we should not apply the conclusion from a case to the whole region or all Chinese farmland. Fertilizer and pesticides have both the positive and negative effects on farmlands and crop production, they should be estimated impersonally and utilized efficiently. Under the basis of analysis on seven typical thoughts of prevention and cure and aiming at the weakness in the prevention and cure of CPC, a strategical thought is put forward, in which the way of prevention and control with tri-dimension style, and the objective both with a good control of CPC and the benefit increase from farmlands at the same time, is proposed in the study.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Situation of Cultivated Land Change and Its Driving Forces in Wanjiang Region Zhu Chuanmin, Cheng Jiumiao, Li Zhen 2006, 22 (9):  420-420.  Abstract + ( 1363 )   According to the statistics and detailed-investigation data of cultivated land area from 1978 to 2003, the trend and regional difference of cultivated land change in Wanjing region are deeply discussed with the helps of GIS. Based on which, the mechanism of driving forces for change in the cultivated land areas are dealt with by Principal Component Analysis in this paper. Research on dynamic changes and regional differences and mechanism driving forces of cultivated land are important for cultivated land rational use and maintaining homeostasis of cultivated land etc.

  Screening of Plants for Phytoremediation of Petroleum-contaminated Soils Li Fangmin, Yao Jinlong, Wang Qiongshan 2006, 22 (9):  429-429.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   Four treatments with different levels of petroleum pollutants were designed and seed germination rate, individual height and fresh weight of 6 tested plant species were determined to investigate the growth adaptability of the tested plants in petroleum-contaminated soils. The results showed that Zea mexicana had the highest biomass, up to from 6.30 g/pot to 7.72g/pot, and its seed germination rate, individual height and fresh weight were 87.1%~89.4%, 93.6%~97.1% and 81.6% ~84.2% respectively, compared with that of the control. Although the biomass of Lolium perenne just ranges from 1.34g/pot to 1.91g/pot, its seed germination rate, individual height, and fresh weight are 93.7%~99.5%, 82.9%~84.5% and 70.3%~80.5% of the control respectively. The experiment suggested that Zea mexicana and Lolium perenne could be cultivated for phytoremediation of petroleum-contaminated soils because there was less influence on their growth by petroleum pollutants.

  Evaluation on Environmental Quality of Heavy Metals in Soils of Grain Area in the Northwest of Shandong Province Zang Hongwei, Shi Yanxi, Kong Fanmei 2006, 22 (9):  432-432.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   Contents of heavy metals (Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd) in soils of grain area in the northwest of Shandong Province were investigated in order to evaluate environmental quality of heavy metals. The contamination status of above-mentioned soils was assessed by means of single and Nemerow Synthetical pollution index method comparing with the environmental quality standard for soils of China. The results showed that soils of grain area in the northwest of Shandong Province were low-grade polluted. The Nemerow Synthetical pollution index was 1.161.The single pollution indexes of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were not exceeded the quality standard, but the single pollution index of Cd was watchful.

  The Markov Process for the Forecast of Land use Dynamic Changes in Zhengzhou City He Ruizhen, Yan Dongfeng, Zhang Jingdong, Chen Shuguang, Wang Jianshe, Wang Linzhong 2006, 22 (9):  435-435.  Abstract + ( 1609 )   Regarded Zhengzhou as the research object, the dynamic process of the land use and the situation of all the categories of the land use transformation were analyzed using 1995 and 2000 year’s land use maps. The transition probability matrix was calculated. Then, the spatial process from 1995 to 2000 was analyzed. The Markov process was applied to analyze and forecast the variation tendency of land use in 2005 and in 2010. The conclusion was drawn that the area of plantation increased, but that of the forest, town and countryside decreased. The change discipline was obtained.

  三农问题研究

  Analysis of Soil Resources and Population Bearing Capacity of North Shaanxi, Windy and Sandy Region Along the Great Wall Ren Jianhong 2006, 22 (9):  438-438.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   The soil and population bearing capacity of windy and sandy region along the Great Wall of North Shaanxi were analyzed systematically in this paper. The results showed that the production potential of soil resources can meet the needs of population growth in this region absolutely, and it have enough foods to satisfy population growth which caused by acceleration of industrialization in this region, if we seek the growth of agricultural production purely or take solving the issue of having adequate food clothing as the objective.

  热带农业科学

  Experimental Studies on Propagation of Eulophia flava Bulb Yang Guangsui, Yin Junmei, Cheng Wenzhong, Lan Chunhui 2006, 22 (9):  444-444.  Abstract + ( 1180 )   Eulophia flava (Lindl.) Hook. F，one of wild orchids, which was zigzag to grow. Based on every bulb had tip bud and kryptoblast, so study on the propagation of bulb. Analysis of soil cover, nutrient component and biomass of bulb and root which plant under field and cultivation conditions, complete of stochastic region design of three factor and three rates. The result showed the bulb was plant should cover soil when was propagate new bulb. The N、P、K content in annual bulb was more than in biennial bulb, and probability to florescence was annual bulb. But the biennial bulb propagated new bulb of transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter was better than the other bulb. A new bulb was propagated which should to select the biennial bulb in production. Under a field condition kind of ball and the root nutrition ingredient content is lower than under the manual cultivation condition. No significant variance in transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of single, double and multi-bulb to propagate new bulb, and in order to obtains the mass as soon as possible the new bulb, suitable single ball to plant.

  Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation for the Characters of Different Longan Varieties Processing Juice in Guangxi Lu Guifeng , Zhu Jianhua , Huang Li , Li Dongbo , Xu Ning , Li Guangwang 2006, 22 (9):  449-449.  Abstract + ( 1648 )   Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the characters of longan juice in 17 Guangxi varieties. The results showed that comprehensive evaluation could not be made according to the individual characters of fruit qualities or juice, because one of the characters ranks in the good place, it doesn’t mean the others also rank in good place. The general processing characters of three varieties, Chezhan, Chi Bailu and Da Wuyuan (Rongxian), were run the first three respectively, and have the potential for further research.

  Studied on the Characters of Mintang 86-2121 Pang Shiming, Wu Shuijing, Li Ruimei, Li Haiming, Zhang Shuhe, Lin Yixin 2006, 22 (9):  452-452.  Abstract + ( 1603 )   For providing technical director for large area demonstration and popularization of Mingtang86-2121，we studied on character of Mingtang 86-2121 during the contrasting test to prepare regional trial and regional trial of new sugarcane variety in Fujian province ， The investigative results were as follows: The germination was 61.32%, decrease by 5.90% in comparison with the variety of Mingtang70-611. The tilling rate was 134.97%, plant height was 305cm, stalk diameter was 2.621cm, millable stalks was 73374 stalk/hm2,mean cane yield was 117.581 t/hm2, sucrose content was 14.40 during the period of Nov. to Feb, sugar yield was 117.58t/hm2, increased by 44.21%, 6cm, 0.078cm, 11479 stalk/hm2, 28.06%, 0.19% and 29.85% in comparison with Mingtang 70-611, respectively. Mingtang 86-2121 had characters of middle to late maturity ,high and stable in cane yield, wide adaptability, strongly resistance to mosaic、smut、red rot、pokkah boeng、rust and drought. The analysis of hereditary compose in Mingtang86-2121 showed that it was abundant in hereditary, which content 14 different basic germplasm.

  农业信息科学

  Research Progress in Rice Condition Monitoring Based on Growth Model and Remote Sensing Li Weiguo, Li Bingbai, Shi Chunlin 2006, 22 (9):  457-457.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   Including the effect of climate, soil, cultivars and cultivation measures on physiological processes, such as phonological development, photosynthesis, organ building, dry matter partition and quality formation, rice growth model was dynamic mathematical model with predictability and mechanism. Wave bands and their combination of RS images could reflect the spatial information of crop growth and be used to monitor rice growth and estimate its yield. On the basis of brief introducing rice growth model and RS monitoring, the advance on rice growth monitoring combining rice growth model and RS monitoring was summarized and some ideas for further research were discussed in this paper.

  Analysis of the way of Span the “Last One Kilometer” of Agricultural Informatization Chen Yunhui 2006, 22 (9):  462-462.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   The decisive factor of how to pass the “Last One Kilometer” of the agricultural informatization is economic feasibility. Limited by the marginal return, the innovation of techniques which have cost advantages is taken place at first. As the substitution and complement of techniques, the innovation of organization management that can decrease trading cost and improve informatization efficiency has become an efficient means to solve the problem of the “Last One Kilometer”. The ways of techniques and managements of agricultural informatization should be match and harmonize to each other. Technique of “Three net in one” and organization innovation of agriculture cooperation are the choices in practice.

  目次

  Construction status and development strategy of agriculture informationization in Guangxi Wei Zhiyang, Liang Xian, Lu Yuming, Wei Liping, Yu Pingfu 2006, 22 (9):  466-466.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   The construction status of agriculture informationization was analyzed in the paper, the main problem in constructing agriculture informationization was also pointed out, and the development strategies of that were put forward. The main conclusion includes: (1) a long development planning should be drawn up, and the construction of legal system and law of agriculture informationization should be strengthened; (2) perfect service system of agricultural information should be established by increasing the investment of money; (3) agricultural information resources should be developed and integrated to increase the quality and level of agricultural information service; (4) the construction of talent troops of agricultural information should be strengthened; (5) increasing the information constitution of farmers and the farmers should be trained on the information need; (6) flexible and all kinds of service methods should be taken to increase the service function of agriculture information.

  农业工程科学

  Research Advances on Forced-air Pre-cooling Technique for Fruits and Vegetables Yang Zhou, Huang Yanjuan, Zhao Chun’e 2006, 22 (9):  471-471.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   Pre-cooling is the key component in the modern circulation system of fruits and vegetables. It is also the prior operation in the cold chain, and is essential for product as they are perishable in nature. Rapid cooling has been clearly shown to prolong the storage life of freshly harvested product. Forced-air cooling is the most versatile and widely used of all cooling methods. The basic principles and methods of fruit and vegetable pre-cooling were introduced. Research advances and developing status of fruit and vegetable pre-cooling were provided and analyzed. And according to some actual problems, the suggestions for developing and spreading pre-cooling technology were put forward.

  Development of Compound Super Absorbent and Study on its Application with Liquorice Cultivation Guo Xiaoying,, Li Buqing, Wu Lijun 2006, 22 (9):  475-475.  Abstract + ( 1547 )   For the characteristics of the high temperature, strong light, and infertile soil in desert, we developed a compound super absorbent for plant. It was found that the compound super absorbent with 1.0% nutritional elements could swell 450~800g/g in water and 50~70g/g in salt-solution to its own weight, and with better gel strength. Through the cultivation of liquorice with different compound super absorbent under drought condition, it was shown that 1.0%~ 1.5% compounds super absorbent in sand could maintain the water condition around the roots and supply the nutrient to the liquorice

  Economic Benefit Analysis of Groundwater artificial Recharge Wan Liangting, Liu Yuanying, Shi Kangli, Qi Xuebin 2006, 22 (9):  479-479.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   There is a long history about the development of groundwater artificial recharge techniques, which is composed of direct recharge method and inducement recharge method. The former method conveyed the water to the aquifer directly; the latter one used the inducement method, which can make the aquifer produce more water resources. As each technique has special purpose for the actual situation, we have to give a scientific evaluation to every one, in order to selecting a right method for groundwater recharge. Based on the present evaluation of groundwater recharge, which is lack of the ability of integration evaluation, we have put forward the synthetical evaluation method of groundwater recharge, it consists of benefit of water supply, water lifting, reducing of new water project, water quality, increase production, flood control, salt water invasion, also, the relevant computing methods were presented. it enriched the theory of groundwater recharge evaluation, at the same time, it will be an effective tool for exploitation and feasibility analysis of groundwater artificial recharge techniques. In conclusion, it is very important for the sustainable water resources development and improving environment.

  Agricultural Meteorological Disasters and Their Prevention in Zhejiang Province Li Songping, Yan Lijiao, Lou Weiping, Sun Yongfei 2006, 22 (9):  483-483.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   Agricultural meteorological disasters are the major factor that affected agriculture.In this paper,following the meteorology and situation of a disaster data,the characteristic of major agricultural meteorological disasters(typhoon、flood、drought、frozen injury) and their variety in zhejiang province are analyzed. Finally, the comprehensive prevention countermeasures are proposed.

  Study on Technology of Using Green Drought Resistance Agent and Saving on Water Effect in Dryland Wheat Liang Zhigang, Gao Xinping, Song Zhihui 2006, 22 (9):  487-487.  Abstract + ( 1483 )   The research on spraying technology using GDR and the saving on water effect in dryland wheat was conducted in Taiyuan, Qingxu and Linfen during 2002—2005. The result showed that diluted 225 times, the yield-improving effects GDR5 was the best, the second was 300 times and 150 times, their yield—improving range was 5.2%~18.5%; sprayed during jointing and grouting (heading) the effect was the best, the second was only jointing. their yield—improving range was 10.2%~20.6%. the research of mix and spray on GDR showed that mixing using GDR1 and spraying in jointing using GDR5 the effect was the best. the saving on water effect of GDR5 was the best when each GDR was sprayed, The second was using GDR2 and GDR1. This study opens up a new area for applied grow regulator to winter wheat in dry land.

  热带农业科学

  Control Effect Evaluation of 8 Pesticides Against Brontispa Longissima(Gestro) Rui Kai, Xie Shenghua, Chen Miancai, Xiao Tongbin, Kong Xiangyi, Wu Fengzhi 2006, 22 (9):  490-490.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   8 different component pesticides were tested against Brontispa longissima (Gestro) in field, by using improved Zhitong sprayers. The results showed that acetaniprid, imidacloprid, Beta-cypermethrin, fenpropathrin, carbosulfan, abamectin, quinalphos and fipronil continued to maintain the same good control effect as indoor. The mortality and control effect are all over 99% after 7d,15d and 30d respectively, a small number of trees were infected coconut leaf beetle again after 90d and 120d respectively, most trees were found eggs and pupas after 150d , and the control effect had a slight decline, but will not cause a substantive impact on growth of center coconut leaves.

  目次

  Hydrological Forecasting of Fengle River Watershed Based on AVSWAT Model Sheng Chunshu, Luo Dinggui 2006, 22 (9):  493-493.  Abstract + ( 1218 )   This paper forecasts precipitation and runoff of Fengle River Watershed with a distributed hydrological model –SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. Based on different soil types and land use classifications in the catchment, AVSWAT2000 model divide the watershed into 38 subbasins and 131HRUs (Hydrological Response Units), each of which is comprised of unique hydrological characteristic. With precipitation gauging materials of Taoxi hydrological station in 2000—2003, the more sensitive hydrology factors were calibrated, satisfactory simulation results were obtained with the highly fitting accuracy, which suggests an excellent modeling performance for hydrology simulation and prediction of the study basin. By the integration of meteorological forecasting model with AVSWAT2000, risk and normal hydrological processing was forecasted. Monthly distribution of precipitation and runoff in typical and normal years was detected, which offers reference for water resources management of basin. This perdition method is a primary trial to the distributed model integration studying, and has active significance to further study.

  农业工程科学

  Study on Soil Characteristic and Root Distribution of Chinese Chive in Subsurface Drip Irrigation Yin Huaifu,, Wang Xiufeng 2006, 22 (9):  497-497.  Abstract + ( 1358 )   The experiment of planting Chinese chives with Subsurface Drip Irrigation Indicated that Subsurface Drip Irrigation made the content of soil organic matter increase 13.71%~30.08%，soil bulk density decrease 11.2%~12.4%，and soil porosity of arable soil increase 12.2%~13.9%. So that, Subsurface Drip Irrigation improved root growing environment , increased root growth to deep soil, percentage of 10~15cm, 15~20cm length root number increased 12.5%, 2.9%, percentage of root dry weight in 0~5cm decreased 30.2%, percentage of root dry weight in 5~10cm、10~15cm、15~20cm depth soil increased 19.9%, 8.5% and 1.8% respectively。

  农史科学

  Sun Yat-sen's thought on Eco-protection Wang Zhiguo 2006, 22 (9):  501-501.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   The thesis is the research and explanation about Sun Yat-sen's thoughts of eco-protection by utilizing the multi-disciplinary theories and the method. Sun Yat-sen not only paid great attention to prevent and reduce natural calamity, but also advocated afforestation and realized the forest environmental protection function. His thought inherited the traditional essence of eco-protection culture, especially Ming-Dynasty and Qing-Dynasty. It was the reflection of Sun Yat-sen's Principle of People Livelihood.

  目次

  Bian Quanle Hu Yingxia 2006, 22 (9):  506-506.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   Disseminate, Science and technology periodical, Academic periodical, Marketing, Marketing strategy

  三农问题研究

  American and France Region Agriculture Development and to China Agricultural Development Enlightenment Zhang Qing 2006, 22 (9):  514-514.  Abstract + ( 1075 )   China is a large agricultural nation, the region difference is obvious; The different region, its agricultural development direction with also has with emphasis differently; Compares with the overseas developed country, our country region agriculture has not certainly obtained the very good development.The article carries on the analysis to American and France's region agriculture specialization development, and key elaborates American and the French region agriculture specialization development procedure and the measure. Including：agricultural technical promotion, education, as well as government's support. The article finally obtains some to the Chinese region agricultural development enlightenment.

  System Construction and Policy Research of Scientific and Technical Talents in Agriculture Sun Haoqin, Shao Jiancheng 2006, 22 (9):  518-518.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   This paper is the research results of soft science of Department of Science, Technology and Education, MOA. The status, problems and development demands of system construction of scientific and technical talents in agriculture are analyzed and studied in quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. On the basis of above research, conceive, solution and policy suggestion of scientific and technical talents system in agriculture system construction in the new periods are brought forward.

  New Ideas for Solving Fujian Three-rurals Issues Lin Changsheng, Lin Junfang, Yuan Xiangning 2006, 22 (9):  523-523.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   The Three-rurals issues are put forward in the paper. Respecting the rural residents’ interests is fundamentality, while pursuing their interests is kernel and protecting their interests is our responsibility. Meanwhile, the above-mentioned ideas are integrity. A 3×3 Phalanx is framed in the paper for respect, pursuit and protection of the rural residents’ interests in following nine Fields, including History, Science & Technology, Reality; Development, Harmony, Practicality; Law, Policy, Organization, which will have a comparatively overall discussion on the ideas for promoting the process for solving the three-rurals issues concerning rural residents’ interests.

  The Current Situation and Counter Measures of Agricultural Industrialization in the Western Guanzhong Du Yunke, Ren Yaqin, Wang Li, Chen Sanle, Liu Hongzhang, Fan Xiaozhong, Zhen Naisheng 2006, 22 (9):  527-527.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   It is an effective way to advance the constant optimization and upgrading of the agricultural structure, realize industrialized management for improving the whole quality, comprehensive benefit and international competitive ability. While analyzing resource situation at present of the industry and restriction in the western GuanZhong, the author had put forward the counter measure and suggestion for promoting agricultural industrialized development of the western GuanZhong.

  Difference Analysis of the Income and Payout in Town and Country Residents ——A Case Study of Quzhou County in Hebei Province from 1996 to 2003 Shang Aijun,, Yang Shiqi 2006, 22 (9):  531-531.  Abstract + ( 1238 )   The difference between income and payout of town and country residents was analyzed systemically in Quzhou county, Hebei province. The content that includes relative income difference, absolute income different, relative payout difference, absolute payout different and living consumption difference structure was studied. The main conclusions are: Firstly, the town-country difference has the ascending tendency. Secondly, the main reason of town-country difference is the singleness of rural industry structure, the two-thirds income of farmer is from the first industry. Thirdly, there are three rigidity change trend in living consumption structure. First is the rigidity decreasing of foodstuff consumption difference, but it still accounts for 23~74 percent of living consumption difference. The second is the rigidity ascending trend of the traffic and communication, culture and education and amusement. The third is the rigidity stabilization of dress, habitation and family furniture consumption.

  The New View of the New Countryside Building: To Develop “Rural Worker Economy” Zhang Wenjun 2006, 22 (9):  536-536.  Abstract + ( 1300 )   The thesis separates rural worker from peasant, regarding rural worker as a special colony, and analyzes its key function in the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers. It considers that “rural worker economy” includes "Hiring Out for Work Economy" and “Returning Home for Business Economy”, and the key of developing “rural worker economy” is to find a balance point between the above two. It finds out a new view for building a new socialist countryside to speed up the developmet of rural economy by developing rural worker economy and transfering rural overplus labor.

  Research on the Way of Compensation for Mercantile Constructive Land ExpropriationLand Rights and Interests Shareholding Zhang Hongmei, Zhang Cun 2006, 22 (9):  539-539.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   The study purpose: In order to offer a kind of thinking for improving the land expropriation institution and protecting the interests of peasants, this article analyzed the feasibility that carrying out shareholding with land rights and interests in the mercantile constructive land expropriation compensation and the conditions that carrying out this compensation manner must be provided with.Main research approach: Methods of documents and theoretical analysis are applied. The conclusion: It is feasible to carry out shareholding with land rights and interests in the mercantile constructive land expropriation compensation by analyzing from theory、legal basis、demands of corporation、demands of peasant and government. And also, the qualifications that carrying out the compensation manner are put forward, such as basic condition, precondition, technique condition and law assurance.

  目次

  Henan Agricultural Tourism Research Bao Chunyu 2006, 22 (9):  542-542.  Abstract + ( 1064 )   With the level of urban residents who received increasing leisure time increase, the acceleration of the rhythm of life, the tourism market demand demonstrated to the diversification of tourism products demand characteristics, especially in the beautiful hope to increase rural environment experience, so agricultural tourism came into being. This brief overview of the concept of tourism and agricultural Henan profile, introducing agricultural advantages and typical types of tourism development, agricultural tourism analysis problems of Henan agricultural tourism development proposals. Henan accelerate agricultural tourism, the ultimate is to continually improve production and living conditions of farmers, agricultural tourism in the new play positive role in promoting rural development.

  三农问题研究

  Experience of Korea’s “New Country Movement” and Its Inspiration to New-countryside Construction in China Yang Xianzhi, Luo Haowen, Zhang Huiling 2006, 22 (9):  547-547.  Abstract + ( 1734 )   The development processes, achievements and successful experience of Korea’s “New Country Movement” are introduced in this paper. The inspirations of Korea’s “New Country Movement” to New-countryside Construction in China are also analyzed. Combined with the 11th Five-year Plan and the No.1 Document of the Party Central Committee, the author pointed out that: in the course of socialist new-countryside construction, we must respect peasants’ will, train new-style peasants with crave-out abilities, guarantee the capital source, project the new-countryside construction scientifically and reasonably, improve the system of village-self-management and villager-self-government.

  The Study on Impact Factors of Innovative Technology Adoption in Agricultural Enterprises ——Based on TOE Framework Liu Chaogang, Wu Qing, Xiong Lidong 2006, 22 (9):  551-551.  Abstract + ( 1197 )   As the first stage of innovative technology application and actualization, adoption is very important. Based on the “TOE” framework, which is employed in the technology adoption widely, ten factors influencing innovative technology adoption are advanced according to the Chinese agricultural enterprises’ actuality in the study. The ten factors are perceptive benefit, costs, compatibility, centralization, normalization, enterpriser, competition, government and other adopter from three dimensions, innovative technology characteristics, organizational characteristics and environmental characteristics. In conclusion, the research can not only enrich agricultural technology adoption theories, but also be valuable to technology innovation activities in agricultural enterprises.