Abstract: The thesis separates rural worker from peasant, regarding rural worker as a special colony, and analyzes its key function in the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers. It considers that “rural worker economy” includes "Hiring Out for Work Economy" and “Returning Home for Business Economy”, and the key of developing “rural worker economy” is to find a balance point between the above two. It finds out a new view for building a new socialist countryside to speed up the developmet of rural economy by developing rural worker economy and transfering rural overplus labor.