Abstract: With the application of high productive varieties and improvement of cultural practice, the wheat output are increasing, the area of high yield wheat and super high yield wheat are expanding in China, and it plays an important role for food safety. However, the proportion of high yield wheat is small, and the yield potential of high yield varieties was not realized. Nitrogen is the most important investment in wheat production, and affects wheat yield and quality significantly. Average nitrogen consumption on wheat was 153.45 kg/hm2 in 2004, the total amount reached 3.385′106 tons, which account for 14.93% of total nitrogen consumption in China. Due to lack scientific method, big difference existed between various area and different farms, the nitrogen recovery efficiency was very low, and it affected environment safety progressively. This paper reviewed the present production of winter wheat with high yield and nitrogen fertilizer application, discussed wheat nitrogen requirement characteristics, technology of nitrogen fertilizer application, and soil fertility status, and raised some proposals for future research.