Abstract: Fractal method was introduced to study the regional economy systems. Based on Zipf theory, in was inferred that Zipf formula is a special case of Hausdorff fractal dimension. According to fractal dimension of key element of Heilongjiang grain production system, current situation and trend of the scale distribution of key element of Heilongjiang grain production system in the past four years were analyzed quantitatively in the paper. The overall results of fractal dimension showed that the scale distribution was scattered. The trend of fractal dimension showed that the fractal dimension was reduced and scale distribution was concentrated. It is proved that Hausdorff fractal dimension deeply reflected complicated changes in the economic system. In a word, it offered the theoretical foundation and new methods in guiding regional economic development.