Abstract: Before fermentation, tobacco leaves were treated with four medicines of A, C, D and E to improve the usability of upper leaf. Ten days after fermenting at the conditions of 35℃ and the relative humidity of 90%, the neutral aroma components, the organic acids and the relative chemical components were measured in tobacco upper leaves. The results showed: (1) The medicine C could improve the upper leaves usability. (2)The amount of neutral aroma components of tobacco leaves treated with medicine C was less than that of the leaves without ferment. The content of furfural and hypnone rose in the leaves treated with medicine C, whereas the content of neophytadiend deccreased. (3)The amount of organic acids of leaves increased in the leaves treated with medicine C. (4) The reducing sugar and hydroxybenzene decreased little, however, the total nitrogen and nicotine decreased much in the fermentation leaves treated with the medicine of A, C, D or E.